Using the Roy Adaptation Model to explore the dynamics of quality of life and the relationship between lung transplant candidates and their caregivers

The Effect of the Nursing Care Based on the Roy Adaptation Model on the Level of the Quality of Life and Fatigue in the Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

This article reports the findings of a study designed to investigate the effectiveness of the Roy Adaptation Model, as it relates to improvements in nursing care outcomes for patients undergoing coronary bypass graft surgery. Results revealed that the implementation of a training program based on this model enhanced staff education and led to decreases in the level of fatigue and improved the quality of life for this group of patients.

Pathways to psychological wellbeing for patients with bladder cancer and their partners-in-care

PURPOSE

The goal of the current analyses was to describe pathways through which Psychological Wellbeing might be better understood for clinical participants with bladder cancer and their partners. This was achieved by applying Roy's Adaptation Model that provides a framework with which to understand responses to challenging circumstances that has proved useful in the study of a range of chronic conditions.

METHODS

The sample comprised 119 patients with a diagnosis of bladder cancer, and 103 supportive partners. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire comprising the Bladder Cancer Index, Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale, Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale, and sociodemographic details. For each sample, structural equation modelling was used to determine goodness of fit, guided by Roy's Adaptation Model.

RESULTS

For patients, increasing age and disease duration, the negative appraisal of health care, perceived poor functioning and elevated burden of disease provided pathways to Psychological Wellbeing. For partners, increasing age, being male, a negative health care experience, and perceived burden of disease were significant. However, for both groups a positive evaluation of family and social support was the key indicator of lower Psychological Wellbeing.

CONCLUSIONS

The models presented describe a suite of issues that could inform a nursing model of care to enhance the experience of living with bladder cancer for both patients and their supportive partners.

The effect of education and telephone follow-up intervention based on the Roy Adaptation Model after myocardial infarction: randomised controlled trial

BACKGROUND

Patients' lifestyle changes after myocardial infarction reduce the risk of infarction. Nursing interventions are important for the initiation and maintenance of lifestyle adaptation.

AIM

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of education and telephone follow-up intervention based on the Roy Adaptation Model for improving myocardial infarction patients' self-efficacy, quality of life and lifestyle adaptation.

METHOD

In this parallel, randomised controlled trial, patients were randomly allocated to a control group or an intervention group (n = 33/group). The control group received routine care, while the intervention group received routine care plus a telephone follow-up intervention, which consisted of a predischarge education programme and three telephone follow-up sessions. Data were collected before discharge, in the 12th week after discharge between April 2016 and August 2017. All outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 12 weeks, and included quality of life, coping adaptation process, self-efficacy and lifestyle changes. The CONSORT checklist was used in the study.

RESULTS

In the 12th week after discharge, patients in the intervention group had significant improvements in self-efficacy, quality of life and coping adaptation process compared with the control group. The intervention group also had more adaptation lifestyle changes concerning patients nutrition and physical activity in the 12-week follow-up.

CONCLUSION

This study demonstrated that education and telephone follow-up intervention based on Roy Adaptation Model was had positive and significant results after 12 weeks compared with usual care. The findings of this study are important for supporting nursing practice and health professionals who care for individuals with myocardial infarction to develop nursing care.

Explaining the quality of life of organ transplant patients by using crisis theory

CONTEXT

Ubiquitous findings regarding the quality of life (QOL) of transplant patients have yet to be explained from a theoretical perspective.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate transplant patients' QOL by using the conceptual framework of crisis theory.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional study to explore differences in transplant patients' experiences of stress, coping, and QOL. Regression analysis was used to test crisis theory in relation to QOL, stress, and coping.

PARTICIPANTS

A total of 226 participants representing transplant candidates, transplant recipients, and nontransplant individuals participated via survey-based data collection.

RESULTS

Results showed that transplant candidates experience lower QOL than transplant recipients and nontransplant individuals. No significant differences were detected regarding stress levels or coping styles. Stress made a significant contribution to patients' QOL.

CONCLUSIONS

Current findings suggest important QOL benefits of organ transplant. Using a theoretical model is an effective way to investigate the QOL of people experiencing chronic illness such as end-stage organ failure. Further investigation is required to reach a conclusive understanding of the complex interaction between transplant patients' QOL, stress, and coping.

Quality of Life in Caregivers Providing Care for Lung Transplant Candidates

Context

Caregivers are essential members of the health care team who provide care, valued at more than $250 billion each year, to millions of persons who require assistance with health and daily care. Patients with respiratory diseases who are waiting for a lung transplant are required to have an identified caregiver. The caregivers are rarely studied.

Objective

To explore the relationships among the health status of caregivers of lung transplant candidates, caregivers' reaction to caregiving, and caregivers' perceived quality of life.

Design

This descriptive study examined the quality of life of lung transplant caregivers from a multidimensional perspective.

Setting and Participants

Twenty-nine dyads of lung transplant candidates and their caregivers were recruited from a Midwestern medical center.

Measures

Data were collected by self-report: caregivers completed the Quality of Life Index, SF-12 health survey, Profile of Mood States-Short Form, and the Caregiver Reaction Assessment.

Results

Caregivers reported favorable levels of quality of life, physical health, and mood during the pretransplant waiting phase. However, problem areas for caregivers during this time included fatigue, depression, and the financial impact of the transplant. Data analyses indicated that depression, caregiver general health, impact on finances, and lack of family support had the greatest effect on caregivers' quality of life. Nurses are urged to recognize the role of caregivers in the transplant process, ask about and listen to caregivers' needs, and include caregivers in the plan of care.