1
|
Kim YH, Cheon YS, Jeong GH, Yook HJ, Han JH, Bang CH, Lee JH, In SI, Kim YJ, Park YM. The efficacy and stability of 532 nm nanosecond Nd: YAG Vasculature Salvage Laser Surgery (VSLS) system in ex vivo pigmented micropig skin. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:180. [PMID: 37558911 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03844-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Ho Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ga Hee Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Yook
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Han
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Hwan Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Il In
- Charm Skin Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Young Min Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-Gu, 06591, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jean M, Schulmeister K. Laser-induced injury of the skin: validation of a computer model to predict thresholds. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:2586-2603. [PMID: 34123490 PMCID: PMC8176813 DOI: 10.1364/boe.422618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The exposure and emission limits of ICNIRP, IEC 60825-1 and ANSI Z136.1 to protect the skin are based on a limited number of in-vivo studies. To broaden the database, a computer model was developed to predict injury thresholds in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 20 µm and was validated by comparison with all applicable experimental threshold data (ED50) in the wavelength range from 488 nm to 10.6 µm and exposure durations between 8 µs and 630 s. The model predictions compare favorably with the in-vivo data with an average ratio of computer prediction to ED50 of 1.01 (standard deviation ± 46%) and a maximum deviation of 2.6. This computer model can be used to improve exposure limits or for a quantitative risk analysis of a given exposure of the skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Jean
- Seibersdorf Labor GmbH, Seibersdorf 2444, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tulsawani R, Sharma P, Sethy NK, Kumari P, Ganju L, Prakash S, Chouhan S. Acute exposure of 532 nm laser differentially regulates skin tissue transcription factors. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230175. [PMID: 32191734 PMCID: PMC7082019 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High energy laser, particularly 532 nm, is widely used in defense and medical applications and there is need to address its occupational safety. Thermal and non-thermal effects of 532 nm high energy laser on skin are cause of concern. This study indicates impact of 532 nm laser on rat skin and first of its kind of attempt to understand transcriptional activation of genes as an early response following laser exposure. Skin of experimental rats were exposed to 532 nm radiance at 0.1, 0.25 and 0.50 W/cm2 for 10 sec. Thermographic changes of skin exposed to 532 nm laser exhibited increased Tmax temperature in radiance dependent manner. After thermal imaging, skin of experimental rats was collected 1 h post laser exposure for studying differential gene expression. The skin exposed to lower power density (0.1 W/cm2) did not show significant changes in expression of gene pathways studied. At moderate radiance (0.25 W/cm2), predominantly canonical wnt/B-catenin pathway genes notch1, axin2, ccdn1, wnt5a and redox homeostasis genes; txn1, nqo1 and txnrd1 were expressed. At higher radiance (0.5 W/cm2), significant repression of genes related to wound healing process particularly notch/wnt pathway viz. hes5, wnt1, wn3b with higher expression of dab2 was recorded. The data obtained from these studies would help in drawing safety limits for skin exposure to 532 nm laser. Further, genes expressed at moderate and high level of radiance exposure to skin were distinct and differential and provide new avenue to configure pathway to counteract laser induced delay in tissue injury and hair follicular damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Purva Sharma
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | | | - Pooja Kumari
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Lilly Ganju
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Satya Prakash
- Laser Science and Technology Centre, Metcalfe House, Delhi, India
| | - Satish Chouhan
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
DeLisi MP, Schmidt MS, Hoffman AF, Peterson AM, Noojin GD, Shingledecker AD, Boretsky AR, Stolarski DJ, Kumru SS, Thomas RJ. Thermal damage thresholds for multiple-pulse porcine skin laser exposures at 1070 nm. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 25:1-11. [PMID: 31489806 PMCID: PMC7011167 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.3.035001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As solid-state laser technology continues to mature, high-energy lasers operating in the near-infrared (NIR) band have seen increased utilization in manufacturing, medical, and military applications. Formulations of maximum permissible exposure limits establish guidelines for the safe use of these systems for a given set of laser parameters, based on past experimental and analytical studies of exposure thresholds causing injury to the skin and eyes. The purpose of our study is to characterize the skin response to multiple-pulsed laser exposures at the NIR wavelength of 1070 nm, at a constant beam diameter of 1 cm, using anesthetized Yucatan mini-pig subjects. Our study explores three constant total laser-on times of 0.01, 0.1, and 10 s as single- and multiple-pulse sequences. Exposures consisting of 10, 30, and 100 pulses have identical individual pulse durations but different duty cycles in order to include variable degrees of thermal additivity. A plurality of three observers quantifies skin damage with the minimally visible lesion metric, judged at the 1- and 24-h intervals postexposure. Calculation of the median effective dose (ED50) provides injury thresholds for all exposure conditions, based on varying laser power across subjects. The results of this study will provide a quantitative basis for the incorporation of multiple-pulsed laser exposure into standards and augment data contained in the existing ED50 database.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Morgan S. Schmidt
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Bioeffects Division, Optical Radiation Bioeffects Branch, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Aaron F. Hoffman
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Bioeffects Division, Optical Radiation Bioeffects Branch, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Semih S. Kumru
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Bioeffects Division, Optical Radiation Bioeffects Branch, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Robert J. Thomas
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Bioeffects Division, Optical Radiation Bioeffects Branch, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas, United States
| |
Collapse
|