1
|
Bistervels IM, Buchmüller A, Tardy B. Inferior vena cava filters in pregnancy: Safe or sorry? Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1026002. [DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1026002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPotential hazards of vena cava filters include migration, tilt, perforation, fracture, and in-filter thrombosis. Due to physiological changes during pregnancy, the incidence of these complications might be different in pregnant women.AimTo evaluate the use and safety of inferior vena cava filters in both women who had an inferior vena cava filter inserted during pregnancy, and in women who became pregnant with an inferior vena cava filter in situ.MethodsWe performed two searches in the literature using the keywords “vena cava filter”, “pregnancy” and “obstetrics”.ResultsThe literature search on women who had a filter inserted during pregnancy yielded 11 articles compiling data on 199 women. At least one filter complication was reported in 33/177 (19%) women and included in-filter thrombosis (n = 14), tilt (n = 6), migration (n = 5), perforation (n = 2), fracture (n = 3), misplacement (n = 1), air embolism (n = 1) and allergic reaction (n = 1). Two (1%) filter complications led to maternal deaths, of which at least one was directly associated with a filter insertion. Filter retrieval failed in 9/149 (6%) women. The search on women who became pregnant with a filter in situ resulted in data on 21 pregnancies in 14 women, of which one (6%) was complicated by uterine trauma, intraperitoneal hemorrhage and fetal death caused by perforation of the inferior vena cava filter.ConclusionThe risks of filter complications in pregnancy are comparable to the nonpregnant population, but could lead to fetal or maternal death. Therefore, only in limited situations such as extensive thrombosis with a contraindication for anticoagulants, inferior vena filters should be considered in pregnant women.
Collapse
|
2
|
Pregnancy in women with an inferior vena cava filter: a tertiary center experience and overview of the literature. Blood Adv 2021; 5:4044-4053. [PMID: 34432871 PMCID: PMC8945633 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of pregnancy in women with in situ vena cava filter is unknown and was evaluated in a cohort study and literature. Only 20 pregnancies were identified; 1 published case with pre-existent filter perforation had uterine trauma and fetal loss.
Patients with an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter that remains in situ encounter a lifelong increased risk of deep vein thrombosis and IVC filter complications including fracture, perforation, and IVC filter thrombotic occlusion. Data on the safety of becoming pregnant with an in situ IVC filter are scarce. The objective was to evaluate the risk of complications of in situ IVC filters during pregnancy. We performed a retrospective cohort study of pregnant patients with an in situ IVC filter from a tertiary center between 2000 and 2020. We collected data on complications of IVC filters and pregnancy outcomes. Additionally, we performed a systematic literature search in MEDLINE, Embase, and gray literature. We identified 7 pregnancies in 4 patients with in situ IVC filters with a mean time since IVC filter insertion of 3 years (range, 1-8). No complications of IVC filter occurred during pregnancy. Review of literature yielded five studies including 13 pregnancies in 9 patients. In 1 pregnancy a pre-existent, until then asymptomatic, chronic perforation of the vena cava wall by the IVC filter caused major bleeding and uterine trauma with fetal loss. Overall, the complication rate was 5%. It seems safe to become pregnant with an indwelling IVC filter that is intact and does not show signs of perforation, but because of the low number of cases, no firm conclusions about safety of in situ IVC filters during pregnancy can be drawn. We suggest imaging before pregnancy to reveal asymptomatic IVC filter complications.
Collapse
|
3
|
Venous Thromboembolism Associated With Pregnancy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 76:2128-2141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.06.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
4
|
Mo H, So YH, Jung IM. Percutaneous Thrombectomy with a Half-Deployed Stent for the Treatment of Acute Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis. Vasc Specialist Int 2020; 36:193-197. [PMID: 32990256 PMCID: PMC7531295 DOI: 10.5758/vsi.200030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis, a type of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is a relatively rare and poorly known disease compared to lower extremity DVT. We present a case of a 68-year-old woman with abdominal pain and mild lower leg swelling due to IVC thrombosis extending from the common iliac vein to the infrahepatic IVC. The thrombus was removed using a 14-mm Niti-S stent (Taewoong Medical, Korea) inserted via the right internal jugular vein. The stent was partially deployed and gently advanced to cover the thrombus, and then retracted through a vascular sheath capturing the thrombus. This case presents a therapeutic approach for the treatment of IVC thrombosis using a half-deployed stent as a filter and a basket. Follow-up evaluation after 5 years revealed a patent IVC and common iliac vein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Mo
- Departments of Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ho So
- Departments of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Mok Jung
- Departments of Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Crosby DA, Ryan K, McEniff N, Dicker P, Regan C, Lynch C, Byrne B. Retrievable Inferior vena cava filters in pregnancy: Risk versus benefit? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 222:25-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
6
|
Devis P, Knuttinen MG. Deep venous thrombosis in pregnancy: incidence, pathogenesis and endovascular management. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2017; 7:S309-S319. [PMID: 29399535 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2017.10.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) during pregnancy is associated with high mortality, morbidity, and costs. Pulmonary embolism (PE), its most feared complication, is the leading cause of maternal death in the developed world. DVT can also result in long-term complications that include postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) adding to its morbidity. Women are up to 5 times more likely to develop DVT when pregnant. The current standard of care for this condition is anticoagulation. This review discusses the epidemiology, pathogenesis, prophylaxis and diagnosis of DVT during pregnancy, and then focuses on endovascular treatment modalities. Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement and pharmacomechanical catheter directed thrombolysis (PCDT) in the pregnant patient are discussed, as well as patient selection criteria, and complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Devis
- Department of Medical Imaging, Division of Interventional Radiology, The University of Arizona, Banner University Medical Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - M Grace Knuttinen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Use of inferior vena cava (IVC) filters has increased dramatically in recent decades, despite a lack of evidence that their use has impacted venous thromboembolism (VTE)-related mortality. This increased use appears to be primarily driven by the insertion of retrievable filters for prophylactic indications. A growing body of evidence, however, suggests that IVC filters are frequently associated with clinically important adverse events, prompting a closer look at their role. We sought to narratively review the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of IVC filter placements. Inferior vena cava filters remain the only treatment option for patients with an acute (within 2-4 weeks) proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism and an absolute contraindication to anticoagulation. In such patients, anticoagulation should be resumed and IVC filters removed as soon as the contraindication has passed. For all other indications, there is insufficient evidence to support the use of IVC filters and high-quality trials are required. In patients where an IVC filter remains, regular follow-up to reassess removal and screen for filter-related complications should occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Duffett
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - M Carrier
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Harris SA, Velineni R, Davies AH. Inferior Vena Cava Filters in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016; 27:354-60.e8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
9
|
Bates SM, Middeldorp S, Rodger M, James AH, Greer I. Guidance for the treatment and prevention of obstetric-associated venous thromboembolism. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2016; 41:92-128. [PMID: 26780741 PMCID: PMC4715853 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-015-1309-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which may manifest as pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is a serious and potentially fatal condition. Treatment and prevention of obstetric-related VTE is complicated by the need to consider fetal, as well as maternal, wellbeing when making management decisions. Although absolute VTE rates in this population are low, obstetric-associated VTE is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. This manuscript, initiated by the Anticoagulation Forum, provides practical clinical guidance on the prevention and treatment of obstetric-associated VTE based on existing guidelines and consensus expert opinion based on available literature where guidelines are lacking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Bates
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University and Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (TaARI), 1280 Main Street West, HSC 3W11, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Saskia Middeldorp
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Rodger
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Community Medicine, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andra H James
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ian Greer
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Georgiou NA, Katz DS, Ganson G, Eng K, Hon M. CT of inferior vena cava filters: normal presentations and potential complications. Emerg Radiol 2015; 22:677-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s10140-015-1333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
11
|
Espírito Santo TMD, Bacalhau F, Paschôa AF, van Bellen B, Austin I, Raci D. Tomographic anatomy of the vena cava and renal veins: features relevant to vena cava filter placement. J Vasc Bras 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1677-5449.20130106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is a growing demand for invasive procedures involving the inferior vena cava, in particular for placement of vena cava filters. It is not always easy to identify the more distal renal vein with cavography, for safe release of filters. OBJECTIVES: To determine parameters for the relationships between the renal veins and the infrarenal vena cava and their corresponding vertebral bodies, their relationships with biotype and the occurrence of anatomic variations, the relationships between vertebral bodies and the bifurcation of the common iliac veins and the distance from this bifurcation to the outflow of the more distal renal vein, with reference to placement of vena cava filters. METHODS: A total of 150 abdominal computed tomography scans conducted from October to November 2011 were analyzed and classified according to the biotype exhibited (using Charpy's angle). Scans were performed at MEDIMAGEM and analyzed at the Integrated Vascular Surgery Service, both part of Hospital da Beneficência Portuguesa in São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: In 127 of the 150 scans analyzed (84.66%), the more distal renal vein emerged between the first lumbar intervertebral space (L1-L2) and the body of L2, irrespective of patient biotype. Just 23 patients (15.33%) exhibited a more distal renal vein with outflow below the body of L2, i.e. in the projection of the space between L2 and L3. CONCLUSIONS: The radiological correlation between the confluence of the more distal renal vein and vertebral bodies exhibits little variation, irrespective of the biotype of the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Igor Austin
- Hospital da Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Douglas Raci
- Hospital da Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aspiration thrombectomy in a patient with suprarenal inferior vena cava thrombosis. Case Rep Cardiol 2015; 2015:495065. [PMID: 25692046 PMCID: PMC4322294 DOI: 10.1155/2015/495065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DVT has rarely been observed in the inferior vena cava (IVC). Pulmonary embolism (PE), which can be life-threatening, often occurred in patients with IVC thrombosis. Therefore, an IVC filter is frequently used in those patients for the prevention of PE. A case of successful endovascular treatment of an IVC thrombus in a patient with relative contraindications to implantation of an IVC filter is presented. This case report shows that aspiration of thrombi caught in the removable IVC filter may be an alternative to surgery in high-risk patients with catheter-related suprarenal inferior vena cava thrombosis.
Collapse
|
13
|
González-Mesa E, Azumendi P, Marsac A, Armenteros A, Molina N, Narbona I, Herrera J, Artero I, Rodríguez-Mesa JM. Use of a temporary inferior vena cava filter during pregnancy in patients with thromboembolic events. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2015; 35:771-6. [PMID: 25692613 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2015.1007928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
There are circumstances in the management of thromboembolic events during pregnancy when anticoagulant therapy is either contraindicated or not advisable, such as when pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep venous thrombosis is diagnosed close to term, given the risk of bleeding during delivery. In these cases, the thromboembolic risk can be controlled using temporary inferior vena cava filters (T-IVCFs). We present the case of a pregnant woman with thrombophilia who remained at rest for eight weeks due to an amniotic prolapse and for whom the placement of a T-IVCF was decided at 32 weeks' gestation after anticoagulant therapy had failed. An emergency caesarean section was performed at 33 weeks' gestation due to placental abruption following the spontaneous onset of preterm labour. The risk of bleeding during delivery when high doses of heparin are used, and the risk of PE when the heparin dose is decreased, needs to be evaluated versus the risks related to T-IVCF placement procedure and, as such, a review of the published experience in this field is warranted. We have concluded that T-IVCFs can be a safe alternative treatment for pregnant women in whom anticoagulation therapy is either contraindicated or not advisable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E González-Mesa
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Regional University Hospital , Málaga , Spain
| | - P Azumendi
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Regional University Hospital , Málaga , Spain
| | - A Marsac
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Regional University Hospital , Málaga , Spain
| | - A Armenteros
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Regional University Hospital , Málaga , Spain
| | - N Molina
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Regional University Hospital , Málaga , Spain
| | - I Narbona
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Regional University Hospital , Málaga , Spain
| | - J Herrera
- a Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Regional University Hospital , Málaga , Spain
| | - I Artero
- b Vascular Radiology Department, Regional University Hospital , Málaga , Spain
| | - J M Rodríguez-Mesa
- b Vascular Radiology Department, Regional University Hospital , Málaga , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Complex hybrid suprarenal inferior vena cava filter retrieval. Ann Vasc Surg 2014; 29:125.e19-22. [PMID: 25304904 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2014.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The exponential rise in inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement is associated with increased complications both during implantation and retrieval. In this report, a 64-year-old man was transferred from an outside hospital with cardiac tamponade secondary to a snare eroding into the right atrium. This complication occurred after attempted suprarenal IVC filter removal. The filter, entangled with the snare, was retrieved by a hybrid technique of mobilizing the liver to expose the suprarenal IVC, followed by using a snare and sheath to compress and extrude the filter. This is the first reported hybrid retrieval of a suprarenal IVC filter.
Collapse
|
15
|
Dixon A, Stavropoulos SW. Improving retrieval rates for retrievable inferior vena cava filters. Expert Rev Med Devices 2013; 10:135-41. [PMID: 23278230 DOI: 10.1586/erd.12.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filters was an important step in the evolution of deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism management. Their removability makes them preferred to permanent filters in many cases. IVC filter retrieval often occurs at a suboptimal rate, leading to complications associated with long-term placement. Improving retrievability includes solutions for patients being lost to follow-up, filter malpositioning, need arising for permanent IVC filtration, filtration requiring longer than the filter's window of retrievability, and filter compromise by the presence of a large trapped clot. This review explores these strategies for retrieval in detail in hopes of improving IVC filter retrieval rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Austin Dixon
- University of Pennsylvania Health System, 3600 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lonjaret L, Lairez O, Minville V, Bayoumeu F, Fourcade O, Mercier F. Embolie pulmonaire et grossesse. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 32:257-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2013.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
17
|
Suprarenal inferior vena cava filter implantation. Radiol Med 2012; 117:1190-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11547-012-0851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
18
|
Abstract
Pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and this condition remains an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. The use of anticoagulant therapy for treatment and prophylaxis of VTE during pregnancy is challenging because of the potential for fetal, as well as maternal, complications. Although evidence-based recommendations for the use of anticoagulants have been published, given the paucity of available data, guidelines are based largely upon observational studies and from data in nonpregnant patients. This article reviews the available literature and provides guidance for the management and prevention of VTE during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Bates
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University & Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bates SM, Greer IA, Middeldorp S, Veenstra DL, Prabulos AM, Vandvik PO. VTE, thrombophilia, antithrombotic therapy, and pregnancy: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest 2012; 141:e691S-e736S. [PMID: 22315276 PMCID: PMC3278054 DOI: 10.1378/chest.11-2300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 843] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of anticoagulant therapy during pregnancy is challenging because of the potential for both fetal and maternal complications. This guideline focuses on the management of VTE and thrombophilia as well as the use of antithrombotic agents during pregnancy. METHODS The methods of this guideline follow the Methodology for the Development of Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis Guidelines: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines in this supplement. RESULTS We recommend low-molecular-weight heparin for the prevention and treatment of VTE in pregnant women instead of unfractionated heparin (Grade 1B). For pregnant women with acute VTE, we suggest that anticoagulants be continued for at least 6 weeks postpartum (for a minimum duration of therapy of 3 months) compared with shorter durations of treatment (Grade 2C). For women who fulfill the laboratory criteria for antiphospholipid antibody (APLA) syndrome and meet the clinical APLA criteria based on a history of three or more pregnancy losses, we recommend antepartum administration of prophylactic or intermediate-dose unfractionated heparin or prophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin combined with low-dose aspirin (75-100 mg/d) over no treatment (Grade 1B). For women with inherited thrombophilia and a history of pregnancy complications, we suggest not to use antithrombotic prophylaxis (Grade 2C). For women with two or more miscarriages but without APLA or thrombophilia, we recommend against antithrombotic prophylaxis (Grade 1B). CONCLUSIONS Most recommendations in this guideline are based on observational studies and extrapolation from other populations. There is an urgent need for appropriately designed studies in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Bates
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University and Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Ian A Greer
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England
| | - Saskia Middeldorp
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anne-Marie Prabulos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Per Olav Vandvik
- Medical Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust and Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, Gjøvik, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Arabi M, Willatt JM, Shields JJ, Cho KJ, Cwikiel WB. Retrievability of Optional Inferior Vena Cava Filters with Caudal Migration and Caval Penetration: Report of Three Cases. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010; 21:923-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2010.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2009] [Revised: 11/03/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
21
|
Kozak J, Köcher M, Thomas RP, Cerna M, Burval S. RETRIEVAL OF "RECOVERY IVC FILTER(TM)" AFTER 383 DAYS. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2009; 153:293-6. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2009.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
22
|
Retrievable Günther Tulip Vena Cava Filter in the prevention of pulmonary embolism in patients with acute deep venous thrombosis in perinatal period. Eur J Radiol 2009; 70:165-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Revised: 12/12/2007] [Accepted: 12/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
23
|
|
24
|
Response to “Failed Retrieval of an Inferior Vena Cava Filter During Pregnancy Because of Filter Tilt: Report of Two Cases”. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2008; 32:388-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00270-008-9452-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
25
|
McConville RM, Kennedy PT, Collins AJ, Ellis PK. Failed Retrieval of an Inferior Vena Cava Filter During Pregnancy Because of Filter Tilt: Report of Two Cases. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2008; 32:174-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00270-008-9393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Revised: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
26
|
Suprarenal Inferior Vena Cava Filters: A 20-Year Single-Center Experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008; 19:1041-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2008.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
27
|
Oliva VL, Perreault P, Giroux MF, Bouchard L, Therasse E, Soulez G. Recovery G2 Inferior Vena Cava Filter: Technical Success and Safety of Retrieval. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008; 19:884-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2008.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2007] [Revised: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 02/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
28
|
de Villiers L, Mackenzie S, Gibbs H, Leggett D, Neels M, Harper J. Initial Australian experience with the recovery inferior vena cava filter in patients with increased risk of thromboembolic disease. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2008; 52:124-9. [PMID: 18373802 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1673.2008.01929.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are an alternative treatment in venous thromboembolism where there are contraindications to anticoagulation. There are, however, concerns about the long-term safety of permanent IVC filters. Often, the period of risk from anticoagulation therapy is short, which supports the use of non-permanent IVC filters. In this series, 54 Recovery Filters (Bard, Tempe, AZ, USA) were placed since its approval for use in Australia in March 2004 (approved for removal up to 160 days after insertion). The most common indication for filter placement in this series was established thromboembolic disease with a temporary contraindication to anticoagulation. Twenty-two filters were successfully retrieved without complication. In one case, it was not possible to retrieve the filter because of extensive contained thrombus. No complication was experienced at filter placement or retrieval; however, a fatal complication occurred as a result of filter migration. Mean time from placement to retrieval was 48 days (range 7-90 days). We describe methods we found useful at filter retrieval to overcome filter tilting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L de Villiers
- Department of Radiology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Keeling AN, Kinney TB, Lee MJ. Optional inferior vena caval filters: where are we now? Eur Radiol 2008; 18:1556-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-008-0923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2007] [Revised: 01/02/2008] [Accepted: 01/28/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
30
|
|