Osteoprotective Knowledge in a Multiethnic Epilepsy Population:

Osteoporosis Associated with Epilepsy and the Use of Anti-Epileptics-a Review

The increased rate of fractures associated with epilepsy has been long recognised but remains incompletely understood. Study quality and study results have varied, with some but not all studies showing bone diseases including osteoporosis and/or osteomalacia, and a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are also noted. Falls risk can also be higher in patients with epilepsy taking anti-epileptic medications, potentially leading to fracture. Larger research collaborations are recommended to further advance understanding in this field, particularly to examine underlying genetic and pharmacogenomic associations of epilepsy and anti-epileptic medication usage and its association with bone diseases and fractures, as well as further investigation into optimal management of bone health in epilepsy.

Revision of the Osteoporosis Knowledge Test

The purpose of this study was to revise the Osteoporosis Knowledge Test (OKT) and evaluate its reliability and validity. The original OKT, developed in the early 1990s, needed updating based on current research. A convenience sample of 105 adults completed the draft revised OKT. A subsample ( n = 27) completed the questionnaire 2 weeks later to determine stability. The sample was recruited from diverse sites in western and northern Michigan over a year. The 32-item Revised OKT (2012) demonstrated internal consistency (total scale Kuder–Richardson-20 = .85, Nutrition subscale = .83, and Exercise subscale = .81). Test–retest analysis resulted in a Pearson correlation coefficient of .87. Validity was evaluated by content validity. Questions were examined for difficulty, effectiveness of distracters, and discrimination. In addition, measures of point-biserial, internal consistency and stability were determined. The Revised OKT (2012) is a comprehensive instrument reflecting current research and assesses osteoporosis knowledge of adults.