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Chen H, Liu SY, Huang SH, Liu M, Chen GX. Applications of artificial intelligence in gastroscopy: a narrative review. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605231223454. [PMID: 38235690 PMCID: PMC10798083 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231223454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastroscopy, a critical tool for the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal diseases, has recently incorporated artificial intelligence (AI) technology to alleviate the challenges involved in endoscopic diagnosis of some lesions, thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy. This narrative review covers the current status of research concerning various applications of AI technology to gastroscopy, then discusses future research directions. By providing this review, we hope to promote the integration of gastroscopy and AI technology, with long-term clinical applications that can assist patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Chen
- The First Clinical Medical School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shi-yu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Si-hui Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guang-xia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Shimizu Y, Ohshimo S, Saeki N, Oue K, Sasaki U, Imamura S, Kamio H, Imado E, Sadamori T, Tsutsumi YM, Shime N. New acoustic monitoring system quantifying aspiration risk during monitored anaesthesia care. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20196. [PMID: 37980396 PMCID: PMC10657450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46561-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory monitoring is crucial during monitored anaesthesia care (MAC) to ensure patient safety. Patients undergoing procedures like gastrointestinal endoscopy and dental interventions under MAC have a heightened risk of aspiration. Despite the risks, no current system or device can evaluate aspiration risk. This study presents a novel acoustic monitoring system designed to detect fluid retention in the upper airway during MAC. We conducted a prospective observational study with 60 participants undergoing dental treatment under MAC. We utilized a prototype acoustic monitoring system to assess fluid retention in the upper airway by analysing inspiratory sounds. Water was introduced intraorally in participants to simulate fluid retention; artificial intelligence (AI) analysed respiratory sounds pre and post-injection. We also compared respiratory sounds pre-treatment and during coughing events. Coughing was observed in 14 patients during MAC, and 31 instances of apnoea were detected by capnography. However, 27 of these cases had breath sounds. Notably, with intraoral water injection, the Stridor Quantitative Value (STQV) significantly increased; furthermore, the STQV was substantially higher immediately post-coughing in patients who coughed during MAC. In summary, the innovative acoustic monitoring system using AI provides accurate evaluations of fluid retention in the upper airway, offering potential to mitigate aspiration risks during MAC.Clinical trial number: jRCTs 062220054.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Shimizu
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Shinichiro Ohshimo
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Noboru Saeki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kana Oue
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Utaka Sasaki
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Serika Imamura
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Kamio
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Eiji Imado
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takuma Sadamori
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yasuo M Tsutsumi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shime
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
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Advances in Analgosedation and Periprocedural Care for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020473. [PMID: 36836830 PMCID: PMC9962362 DOI: 10.3390/life13020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The number and complexity of endoscopic gastrointestinal diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is globally increasing. Procedural analgosedation during gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures has become the gold standard of gastrointestinal endoscopies. Patient satisfaction and safety are important for the quality of the technique. Currently there are no uniform sedation guidelines and protocols for specific gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures, and there are several challenges surrounding the choice of an appropriate analgosedation technique. These include categories of patients, choice of drug, appropriate monitoring, and medical staff providing the service. The ideal analgosedation technique should enable the satisfaction of the patient, their maximum safety and, at the same time, cost-effectiveness. Although propofol is the gold standard and the most used general anesthetic for endoscopies, its use is not without risks such as pain at the injection site, respiratory depression, and hypotension. New studies are looking for alternatives to propofol, and drugs like remimazolam and ciprofol are in the focus of researchers' interest. New monitoring techniques are also associated with them. The optimal technique of analgosedation should provide good analgesia and sedation, fast recovery, comfort for the endoscopist, patients' safety, and will have financial benefits. The future will show whether these new drugs have succeeded in these goals.
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