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The Potential and Emerging Role of Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers for Cancer Characterization. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143349. [PMID: 35884409 PMCID: PMC9321521 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Modern, personalized therapy approaches are increasingly changing advanced cancer into a chronic disease. Compared to imaging, novel omics methodologies in molecular biology have already achieved an individual characterization of cancerous lesions. With quantitative imaging biomarkers, analyzed by radiomics or deep learning, an imaging-based assessment of tumoral biology can be brought into clinical practice. Combining these with other non-invasive methods, e.g., liquid profiling, could allow for more individual decision making regarding therapies and applications. Abstract Similar to the transformation towards personalized oncology treatment, emerging techniques for evaluating oncologic imaging are fostering a transition from traditional response assessment towards more comprehensive cancer characterization via imaging. This development can be seen as key to the achievement of truly personalized and optimized cancer diagnosis and treatment. This review gives a methodological introduction for clinicians interested in the potential of quantitative imaging biomarkers, treating of radiomics models, texture visualization, convolutional neural networks and automated segmentation, in particular. Based on an introduction to these methods, clinical evidence for the corresponding imaging biomarkers—(i) dignity and etiology assessment; (ii) tumoral heterogeneity; (iii) aggressiveness and response; and (iv) targeting for biopsy and therapy—is summarized. Further requirements for the clinical implementation of these imaging biomarkers and the synergistic potential of personalized molecular cancer diagnostics and liquid profiling are discussed.
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A Growth Modulation Index-Based GEISTRA Score as a New Prognostic Tool for Trabectedin Efficacy in Patients with Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Spanish Group for Sarcoma Research (GEIS) Retrospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040792. [PMID: 33672857 PMCID: PMC7917652 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are an uncommon and heterogeneous group of tumors, with scarce options for treatment in advanced cases. There is no consensus regarding which is the best treatment sequence for these patients. Although trabectedin is an approved drug for STS treatment, after progression to anthracyclines, the clinical profile of the patients that most benefit from this drug it is not defined. We have retrospectively analyzed a sample of 357 nonselected sarcoma patients from real-world experience, treated homogeneously with trabectedin, confirming and validating results from previous clinical trials and other retrospective studies. After analyzing clinical prognostic factors, we selected those which predicted a better growth modulation index (GMI > 1.33), and we defined the GEISTRA score, an easy to obtain and reproducible clinical tool, that can help us to optimize the use of trabectedin in advanced sarcoma patients. Abstract The aim of this study was to identify an easily reliable prognostic score that selects the subset of advanced soft tissue sarcoma (ASTS) patients with a higher benefit with trabectedin in terms of time to progression and overall survival. A retrospective series of 357 patients with ASTS treated with trabectedin as second- or further-line in 19 centers across Spain was analyzed. First, it was confirmed that patients with high growth modulation index (GMI > 1.33) were associated with the better clinical outcome. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with a GMI > 1.33. Thus, GEISTRA score was based on metastasis free-interval (MFI ≤ 9.7 months), Karnofsky < 80%, Non L-sarcomas and better response in the previous systemic line. The median GMI was 0.82 (0–69), with 198 patients (55%) with a GMI < 1, 41 (11.5%) with a GMI 1–1.33 and 118 (33.1%) with a GMI > 1.33. The lowest GEISTRA score showed a median of time-to-progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) of 5.7 and 19.5 months, respectively, whereas it was 1.8 and 3.1 months for TTP and OS, respectively, for the GEISTRA 4 score. This prognostic tool can contribute to better selecting candidates for trabectedin treatment in ASTS.
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Mock A, Heilig CE, Kreutzfeldt S, Huebschmann D, Heining C, Schröck E, Brors B, Stenzinger A, Jäger D, Schlenk R, Glimm H, Fröhling S, Horak P. Community-driven development of a modified progression-free survival ratio for precision oncology. ESMO Open 2019; 4:e000583. [PMID: 31798980 PMCID: PMC6863673 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2019-000583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Measuring the success of molecularly guided therapies is a major challenge in precision oncology trials. A commonly used endpoint is an intra-patient progression-free survival (PFS) ratio, defined as the PFS interval associated with molecularly guided therapy (PFS2) divided by the PFS interval associated with the last prior systemic therapy (PFS1), above 1.3 or, in some studies, above 1.33 or 1.5. Methods To investigate if the concept of PFS ratios is in agreement with actual response evaluations by physicians, we conducted a survey among members of the MASTER (Molecularly Aided Stratification for Tumor Eradication Research) Programme of the German Cancer Consortium who were asked to classify the success of molecularly guided therapies in 194 patients enrolled in the MOSCATO 01 trial based on PFS1 and PFS2 times. Results A comparison of classification profiles revealed three distinct clusters of PFS benefit assessments. Only 29% of assessments were consistent with a PFS ratio threshold of 1.3, whereas the remaining 71% of participants applied a different classification scheme that did not rely on the relation between PFS times alone, but also took into account absolute PFS1 intervals. Based on these community-driven insights, we developed a modified PFS ratio that incorporates the influence of absolute PFS1 intervals on the judgement of clinical benefit by physicians. Application of the modified PFS ratio to outcome data from two recent precision oncology trials, MOSCATO 01 and WINTHER, revealed significantly improved concordance with physician-perceived clinical benefit and identified comparable proportions of patients who benefited from molecularly guided therapies. Conclusions The modified PFS ratio may represent a meaningful clinical endpoint that could aid in the design and interpretation of future precision oncology trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mock
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Medical Oncology, NCT Heidelberg and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph E Heilig
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Kreutzfeldt
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Huebschmann
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Computational Oncology, Molecular Diagnostics Program, NCT Heidelberg and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Heining
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Translational Medical Oncology, NCT Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,DKTK, Dresden, Germany
| | - Evelin Schröck
- DKTK, Dresden, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brors
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Applied Bioinformatics, DKFZ and NCT Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Albrecht Stenzinger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Jäger
- Department of Medical Oncology, NCT Heidelberg and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard Schlenk
- Department of Medical Oncology, NCT Heidelberg and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,NCT Trial Center, NCT and DKFZ Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanno Glimm
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Translational Medical Oncology, NCT Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,DKTK, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Horak
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
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Kim JE, Chae SY, Kim JH, Kim HJ, Kim TW, Kim KP, Kim SY, Lee JL, Oh SJ, Kim JS, Ryu JS, Moon DH, Hong YS. 3′-Deoxy-3’-18F-Fluorothymidine and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for the early prediction of response to Regorafenib in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to all standard therapies. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:1713-1722. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04330-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Anwander H, Cron GO, Rakhra K, Beaule PE. Perfusion MRI in hips with metal-on-metal and metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty: A pilot study. Bone Joint Res 2016; 5:73-9. [PMID: 26935768 PMCID: PMC4852810 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.53.2000572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Hips with metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (MoM THA) have a high rate of adverse local tissue reactions (ALTR), often associated with hypersensitivity reactions. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) measures tissue perfusion with the parameter Ktrans (volume transfer constant of contrast agent). Our purpose was 1) to evaluate the feasibility of DCE-MRI in patients with THA and 2) to compare DCE-MRI in patients with MoM bearings with metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) bearings, hypothesising that the perfusion index Ktrans in hips with MoM THA is higher than in hips with MoP THA. Methods In this pilot study, 16 patients with primary THA were recruited (eight MoM, eight MoP). DCE-MRI of the hip was performed at 1.5 Tesla (T). For each patient, Ktrans was computed voxel-by-voxel in all tissue lateral to the bladder. The mean Ktrans for all voxels was then calculated. These values were compared with respect to implant type and gender, and further correlated with clinical parameters. Results There was no significant difference between the two bearing types with both genders combined. However, dividing patients by THA bearing and gender, women with MoM bearings had the highest Ktrans values, exceeding those of women with MoP bearings (0.067 min−1versus 0.053 min−1; p-value < 0.05) and men with MoM bearings (0.067 min−1versus 0.034 min−1; p-value < 0.001). Considering only the men, patients with MoM bearings had lower Ktrans than those with MoP bearings (0.034 min−1versus 0.046 min−1; p < 0.05). Conclusion DCE-MRI is feasible to perform in tissues surrounding THA. Females with MoM THA show high Ktrans values in DCE-MRI, suggesting altered tissue perfusion kinematics which may reflect relatively greater inflammation. Cite this article: Dr P. E. Beaule. Perfusion MRI in hips with metal-on-metal and metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty: A pilot stud. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:73–79. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.53.2000572.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Anwander
- Universität für Orthopädische Chirurgie und Traumatologie, Freiburgstrasse 4, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - G O Cron
- The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - K Rakhra
- The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - P E Beaule
- The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Taieb S, Saada-Bouzid E, Tresch E, Ryckewaert T, Bompas E, Italiano A, Guillemet C, Peugniez C, Piperno-Neumann S, Thyss A, Maynou C, Clisant S, Penel N. Comparison of response evaluation criteria in solid tumours and Choi criteria for response evaluation in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma treated with trabectedin: a retrospective analysis. Eur J Cancer 2014; 51:202-9. [PMID: 25499439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the additional value of density measurement using contrast-enhancement sequences (Choi assessment) in a real-life cohort of adult soft tissue sarcoma patients treated with trabectedin. METHODS Eligibility criteria included adults (age ⩾18) treated between 01/2007 and 12/2011, with at least two trabectedin cycles after failure or intolerance to doxorubicin/ifosfamide. Baseline and first computed tomography (CT)-scans were centrally reviewed by an experienced radiologist. RESULTS The retrospective cohort consists of 134 (73 female) patients treated with trabectedin 1.5 mg/m(2) given as a 24-h infusion every 3 weeks. Patients received a median of five trabectedin cycles (range: 2-33) and the main cause of discontinuation was progressive disease (PD) (n = 105, 78.4%). Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) assessment was feasible in 128 (95.5%) patients, with Choi assessment performed in 92 (68.7%) patients, generally due to inadequate sequences or exclusive lung metastases. Concordance between both methods was fair (Kappa = 0.290). We identified five patients with false PD (i.e. PD according to RECIST but stable disease/partial response as per Choi). Univariate analysis did not identify any predictive factors for false PD. Median overall survival (OS) of patients with PD as per RECIST but stable disease/partial response (SD/PR) according to Choi was better than for patients with PD according to both RECIST and Choi (14 months versus 8 months; p = 0.052). CONCLUSIONS Choi assessment may identify patients with false PD who achieved improved efficacy outcomes, suggesting that trabectedin may delay tumour progression even in the case of non-dimensional response. Dual size and tumour density assessment may be more suitable to evaluate responses to trabectedin in sarcoma patients as well as to improve the decision-making strategies for the continuation of trabectedin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Taieb
- Radiology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, 3 rue Combemale, 59020 Lille cedex, France.
| | - Esma Saada-Bouzid
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Avenue Valombrose, 06100 Nice, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Tresch
- Biostatistics and Methodology Unit, Centre Oscar Lambret, 3 rue Combemale, 59020 Lille cedex , France.
| | - Thomas Ryckewaert
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, 3 rue Combemale, 59020 Lille cedex, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Bompas
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Boulevard Jacques Monod, 44805 Saint Herblain cedex, France.
| | - Antoine Italiano
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Bergonié, 229 Cours de l'Argonne, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Cécile Guillemet
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rue d'Amiens, 76000 Rouen, France.
| | - Charlotte Peugniez
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, 3 rue Combemale, 59020 Lille cedex, France.
| | | | - Antoine Thyss
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, 33 Avenue Valombrose, 06100 Nice, France.
| | - Carlos Maynou
- Orthopedics Unit A, University Hospital, Hôpital Roger Salengro, 59035 Lille cedex, France.
| | - Stéphanie Clisant
- Clinical Research Unit, Centre Oscar Lambret, 3 rue Combemale, 59020 Lille cedex, France; Clinical Resarch and Methodological Platform, SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France.
| | - Nicolas Penel
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, 3 rue Combemale, 59020 Lille cedex, France; Clinical Resarch and Methodological Platform, SIRIC OncoLille, Lille, France.
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Translation in solid cancer: are size-based response criteria an anachronism? Clin Transl Oncol 2014; 17:1-10. [PMID: 25073600 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-014-1207-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of translation is the development of effective medicinal products based on validated science. A parallel objective is to obtain marketing authorization for the translated product. Unfortunately, in solid cancer, these two objectives are not mutually consistent as evidenced by the contrast between major advances in science and the continuing dismal record of pharmaceutical productivity. If the problem is unrelated to science, then the process of translation may require a closer examination, namely, the criteria for regulatory approval. This realization is important because, in this context, the objective of translation is regulatory approval, and science does not passively translate into useful medicinal products. Today, in solid cancer, response criteria related to tumor size are less useful than during the earlier cytotoxic drugs era; advanced imaging and biomarkers now allow for tracking of the natural history of the disease in the laboratory and the clinic. Also, it is difficult to infer clinical benefit from tumor shrinkage since it is rarely sustained. Accordingly, size-based response criteria may represent an anachronism relative to translation in solid cancer and it may be appropriate to align preclinical and clinical effort and shift the focus to local invasion and metastasis. The shift from a cancer cell-centric model to a stroma centric model offers novel opportunities not only to interupt the natural history of the disease, but also to rethink the relevance of outdated criteria of clinical response. Current evidence favors the opinion that, in solid cancer, a different, broader, and contextual approach may lead to interventions that could delay local invasion and metastasis. All elements supporting this shift, especially advanced imaging, are in place.
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What is an active regimen in carcinoma of unknown primary sites? Analysis of correlation between activity endpoints reported in phase II trials. Correlation of activity endpoints in phase II trials. Bull Cancer 2014; 101:E19-24. [PMID: 24793622 DOI: 10.1684/bdc.2014.1934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The choice of the activity endpoint is crucial when designing phase II screening trials. This choice is usually guided by convention, but the level of evidence for picking-up one of them is limited. METHODS We have analysed the phase II trials in carcinoma of unknown primary patients (CUP; 48 strata). We calculated the Pearson correlation coefficient using weighted linear regression to measure the degree of association between the different available activity endpoints (Best objective response - BORR, best tumour control rate - BTCR, 3- and 6-month progression-free rates, 3- and 6-month PFR and median progression-free survival). We also explored the correlation between these endpoints and OS. RESULTS All activity endpoints were strongly correlated in CUP studies; all of these endpoints were strongly correlated with OS. The median BORR across the studies was 30%. Positive trials defined by BORR ≥ 30% were associated with statistically longer PFS (4.8 versus 3.7 months, P = 0.013) and OS (10.0 versus 8.0, P = 0.0007). DISCUSSION In phase II studies with CUP patients, BORR and the threshold of BORR > 30% for defining promising drug appears adequate.
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Cousin S, Blay JY, Bertucci F, Isambert N, Italiano A, Bompas E, Ray-Coquard I, Perrot D, Chaix M, Bui-Nguyen B, Chaigneau L, Corradini N, Penel N. Correlation between overall survival and growth modulation index in pre-treated sarcoma patients: a study from the French Sarcoma Group. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:2681-2685. [PMID: 23904460 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth modulation index (GMI), the ratio of two times to progression measured in patients receiving two successive treatments (GMI = TTP2/TTP1), has been proposed as a criterion of phase II clinical trials. Nevertheless, its use has been limited until now. PATIENTS AND METHODS We carried out a retrospective multicentre study in soft tissue sarcoma patients receiving a second-line treatment after doxorubicin-based regimens to evaluate the link between overall survival and GMI. Second-line treatments were classified as 'active' according to the EORTC-STBSG criteria (3-month progression-free rate >40% or 6-month PFR >14%). Comparisons used chi-squared and log-rank tests. RESULTS The population consisted in 106 men and 121 women, 110 patients (48%) received 'active drugs'. Median OS from the second-line start was 317 days. Sixty-nine patients experienced GMI >1.33 (30.4%). Treatments with 'active drug' were not associated with OS improvement: 490 versus 407 days (P = 0.524). Median OS was highly correlated with GMI: 324, 302 and 710 days with GMI <1, GMI = [1.00-1.33], and GMI >1.33, respectively (P < 0.0001). In logistic regression analysis, the sole predictive factor was the number of doxorubicin-based chemotherapy cycles. CONCLUSION GMI seems to be an interesting end point that provides additional information compared with classical criteria. GMI >1.33 is associated with significant OS improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cousin
- Department of General Oncology, Oscar Lambret Center, Lille
| | - J Y Blay
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Berard Center, Lyon
| | - F Bertucci
- Department of Medical Oncology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Marseille
| | - N Isambert
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges-François Leclerc Center, Dijon
| | - A Italiano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bergonie Institute, Bordeaux
| | - E Bompas
- Department of Medical Oncology, René Gauducheau Center, St Herblain
| | - I Ray-Coquard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Berard Center, Lyon
| | - D Perrot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Marseille
| | - M Chaix
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges-François Leclerc Center, Dijon
| | - B Bui-Nguyen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bergonie Institute, Bordeaux
| | - L Chaigneau
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jean Minjoz University Hospital, Besançon
| | - N Corradini
- Department of Paediatrician Oncology, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes
| | - N Penel
- Department of General Oncology, Oscar Lambret Center, Lille; Research Unit (EA 2694), Medical School University, Lille-Nord-de-France University, France.
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Activity endpoints reported in soft tissue sarcoma phase II trials: quality of reported endpoints and correlation with overall survival. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013; 88:309-17. [PMID: 23706377 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite extensive research over the past 3 decades, few investigational drugs are considered as promising and these drugs failed to improve overall survival. Therefore we performed a systematic review of the literature to improve our understanding of the reasons that explain these failures. METHODS We reviewed 53 phase II trial reports that investigated new treatments in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma from 1999 to 2011. We critically reviewed the selected primary endpoint used in these trials. RESULTS Forty percent of trials were not interpretable because of major inherent methodological flaws. Only 3 primary endpoints were correlated with median overall survival (mOS): 3- and 6-month progression free rates and median progression-free survival. Nevertheless, the mOS was not significantly higher in the cases of active drugs. DISCUSSION We need to improve the definition of primary active endpoints and develop better designs for future trials. The current definition of promising drugs must be refined.
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Penel N, Demetri GD, Blay JY, Cousin S, Maki RG, Chawla SP, Judson I, von Mehren M, Schöffski P, Verweij J, Casali P, Rodenhuis S, Schütte HJ, Cassar A, Gomez J, Nieto A, Zintl P, Pontes MJ, Le Cesne A. Growth modulation index as metric of clinical benefit assessment among advanced soft tissue sarcoma patients receiving trabectedin as a salvage therapy. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:537-542. [PMID: 23117071 PMCID: PMC4271084 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growth modulation index (GMI) is the ratio of time to progression with the nth line (TTP(n)) of therapy to the TTP(n)(-1) with the n-1th line. GMI >1.33 is considered as a sign of activity in phase II trials. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective analysis evaluated the concordance between the GMI and the efficacy outcomes in 279 patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (ASTS) treated with trabectedin 1.5 mg/m² (24-h infusion every 3 weeks) in four phase II trials. RESULTS One hundred and forty-two (51%) patients received one prior line and 137 ≥ 2 lines. The median TTP(n) was 2.8 months (range 0.2-26.8), whereas the median TTP(n)(-1) was 4.0 months (0.3-79.5). The median GMI was 0.6 (0.0-14.4). Overall, 177 patients (63%) had a GMI <1; 21 (8%) a GMI equal to 1-1.33 and 81 (29%) a GMI >1.33, which correlated with the median overall survival in those patients (9.1, 13.9 and 23.8 months, respectively, P = 0.0005). A high concordance rate between the GMI and response rate (P < 0.0001) and progression-free survival (PFS, P < 0.0001) was observed. Good performance status (PS) was the only factor associated with GMI >1.33 (PS = 0; P < 0.04). CONCLUSIONS A high GMI was associated with favorable efficacy outcomes in patients treated with trabectedin. Further research is needed to assess GMI as an indicator in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Penel
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France.
| | - G D Demetri
- Medical Oncology Department, Ludwig Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - J Y Blay
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - S Cousin
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
| | - R G Maki
- Medical Oncology Department,Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York
| | - S P Chawla
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Monica Oncology Center Santa Monica, USA
| | - I Judson
- Medical Oncology Department, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - M von Mehren
- Medical Oncology Department, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, USA
| | - P Schöffski
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Verweij
- Medical Oncology Department, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Casali
- Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - S Rodenhuis
- Medical Oncology Department, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H J Schütte
- Medical Oncology Department, Marien Hospital, Dûsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - A Cassar
- Scientific liaison office, Novex Pharma, Levallois-Perret, France
| | - J Gomez
- Statistics Department & Medical affairs, Pharmamar, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Nieto
- Statistics Department & Medical affairs, Pharmamar, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Zintl
- Statistics Department & Medical affairs, Pharmamar, Madrid, Spain
| | - M J Pontes
- Statistics Department & Medical affairs, Pharmamar, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Le Cesne
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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Predictive value of clinical judgment of tumour progression in phase II trials. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52638. [PMID: 23300731 PMCID: PMC3530434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The diagnosis of tumour progression or progressive disease (PD) is a key element for designing and interpreting contemporary phase II trials. In some cases, PD is stated by the physician and is not formally confirmed by imaging. Purpose In this study, we intend to analyze the value of the PD based on clinical judgment and the risk of overestimating the occurrence of PD by clinical judgment. Methods We have conducted a single-centre retrospective study to analyse the diagnostic accuracy of this clinical judgment compared to planned imaging including all patients enrolled in our institution in phase II trials investigating systemic treatments for advanced solid tumours between January 2008 and November 2010. Results The positive predictive value (PPV) and the specificity of clinical judgment of PD was very high (>90%). Conclusions According to this study, the clinical judgment of PD is highly predictive of radiological PD as assessed, for example, by RECIST. Physicians do not overestimate PD occurence. Clinical judgment of PD could be taken into account in the definition of PD.
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Bernstein-Molho R, Kollender Y, Issakov J, Bickels J, Dadia S, Flusser G, Meller I, Sagi-Eisenberg R, Merimsky O. Clinical activity of mTOR inhibition in combination with cyclophosphamide in the treatment of recurrent unresectable chondrosarcomas. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2012; 70:855-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-012-1968-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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