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Xie G, Zou X, Liang Z, Zhang K, Wu D, Jin H, Wang H, Shen Q. GBF family member PfGBF3 and NAC family member PfNAC2 regulate rosmarinic acid biosynthesis under high light. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1728-1744. [PMID: 38441888 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an important medicinal metabolite and a potent food antioxidant. We discovered that exposure to high light intensifies the accumulation of RA in the leaves of perilla (Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt). However, the molecular mechanism underlying RA synthesis in response to high light stress remains poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a comprehensive analysis employing transcriptomic sequencing, transcriptional activation, and genetic transformation techniques. High light treatment for 1 and 48 h resulted in the upregulation of 592 and 1,060 genes, respectively. Among these genes, three structural genes and 93 transcription factors exhibited co-expression. Notably, NAC family member PfNAC2, GBF family member PfGBF3, and cinnamate-4-hydroxylase gene PfC4H demonstrated significant co-expression and upregulation under high light stress. Transcriptional activation analysis revealed that PfGBF3 binds to and activates the PfNAC2 promoter. Additionally, both PfNAC2 and PfGBF3 bind to the PfC4H promoter, thereby positively regulating PfC4H expression. Transient overexpression of PfNAC2, PfGBF3, and PfC4H, as well as stable transgenic expression of PfNAC2, led to a substantial increase in RA accumulation in perilla. Consequently, PfGBF3 acts as a photosensitive factor that positively regulates PfNAC2 and PfC4H, while PfNAC2 also regulates PfC4H to promote RA accumulation under high light stress. The elucidation of the regulatory mechanism governing RA accumulation in perilla under high light conditions provides a foundation for developing a high-yield RA system and a model to understand light-induced metabolic accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanwen Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical Plant Physiology and Ecology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiuzai Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical Plant Physiology and Ecology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zishan Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical Plant Physiology and Ecology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical Plant Physiology and Ecology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Duan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical Plant Physiology and Ecology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Honglei Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical Plant Physiology and Ecology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical Plant Physiology and Ecology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qi Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical Plant Physiology and Ecology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Sirajudeen F, Malhab LJB, Bustanji Y, Shahwan M, Alzoubi KH, Semreen MH, Taneera J, El-Huneidi W, Abu-Gharbieh E. Exploring the Potential of Rosemary Derived Compounds (Rosmarinic and Carnosic Acids) as Cancer Therapeutics: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:38-55. [PMID: 38148552 PMCID: PMC10762267 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality rates. However, conventional cancer treatment methods often have severe side effects and limited success rates. In the last decade, extensive research has been conducted to develop safe, and efficient alternative treatments that do not have the limitations of existing anticancer medicines. Plant-derived compounds have shown promise in cancer treatment for their anti-carcinogenic and anti-proliferative properties. Rosmarinic acid (RA) and carnosic acid (CA) are potent polyphenolic compounds found in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract. They have been extensively studied for their biological properties, which include anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. In addition, RA and CA have demonstrated effective anti-proliferative properties against various cancers, making them promising targets for extensive research to develop candidate or leading compounds for cancer treatment. This review discusses and summarizes the anti-tumor effect of RA and CA against various cancers and highlights the involved biochemical and mechanistic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazila Sirajudeen
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lara J. Bou Malhab
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jalal Taneera
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Zhao J, Xu L, Jin D, Xin Y, Tian L, Wang T, Zhao D, Wang Z, Wang J. Rosmarinic Acid and Related Dietary Supplements: Potential Applications in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101410. [PMID: 36291619 PMCID: PMC9599057 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer constitutes a severe threat to human health and quality of life and is one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Natural dietary products have drawn substantial attention in cancer treatment and prevention due to their availability and absence of toxicity. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is known for its excellent antioxidant properties and is safe and effective in preventing and inhibiting tumors. This review summarizes recent publications on culture techniques, extraction processes, and anti-tumor applications of RA-enriched dietary supplements. We discuss techniques to improve RA bioavailability and provide a mechanistic discussion of RA regarding tumor prevention, treatment, and adjuvant therapy. RA exhibits anticancer activity by regulating oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and metastasis. These data suggest that daily use of RA-enriched dietary supplements can contribute to tumor prevention and treatment. RA has the potential for application in anti-tumor drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Zhao
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Liwei Xu
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Di Jin
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yu Xin
- School of pharmaceutical sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Tan Wang
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (J.W.)
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de Freitas KS, da Silva LHD, Squarisi IS, de Souza Oliveira LT, Ribeiro AB, Alves BS, Esperandim TR, de Melo MRS, Ozelin SD, Lemes DC, Bastos JK, Veneziani RCS, Tavares DC. Red propolis exhibits chemopreventive effect associated with antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:750-757. [PMID: 36337250 PMCID: PMC9618114 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Red propolis is synthetized from exudates of Dalbergia ecastophyllum (L) Taub. and Symphonia globulifera L.f., presents isoflavones, guttiferone E, xanthochymol, and oblongifolin B and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative activities. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the antigenotoxic and anticarcinogenic potential of red propolis hydroalcoholic extract (RPHE) in rodents. METHODS The influence of RPHE in doxorubicin (DXR)-induced genotoxicity was investigated through the micronucleus test in Swiss mice. Blood samples were also collected to investigate oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. Was investigated the influence of RPHE in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced aberrant crypt foci, as well as its influence in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in colon of rats, by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The results showed that RPHE (48 mg/kg) reduced DXR-induced genotoxicity. Animals treated with DXR showed significantly lower GSH serum levels in comparison to the negative control. RPHE treatments did not attenuated significantly the DXR-induced GSH depletion. No difference was observed in cytotoxicity parameters of mice hematopoietic tissues between the treatment groups, as well as the biochemical parameters of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. RPHE (12 mg/kg) reduced the DMH-induced carcinogenicity and toxicity, as well as DMH-induced PCNA and COX-2 expression in colon tissue. CONCLUSION Therefore, was observed that the RPHE has chemopreventive effect, associated to antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Soares de Freitas
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Lucas Henrique Domingos da Silva
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Iara Silva Squarisi
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Lucas Teixeira de Souza Oliveira
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Arthur Barcelos Ribeiro
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Bianca Silva Alves
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Tábata Rodrigues Esperandim
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Matheus Reis Santos de Melo
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Saulo Duarte Ozelin
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Danieli Cristina Lemes
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café Ave, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cassio Sola Veneziani
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
| | - Denise Crispim Tavares
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, University of Franca, 201 Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira Ave, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo 14404-600, Brazil
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da Silva LHD, Squarisi IS, de Freitas KS, Barcelos Ribeiro A, Ozelin SD, Aldana-Mejía JA, de Oliveira LTS, Rodrigues TE, de Melo MRS, Nicolella HD, Alves BS, de Andrade Melo AL, Ccana-Ccapatinta GV, Bastos JK, Tavares DC. Toxicological and chemoprevention studies of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub. stem, the botanical source of Brazilian red propolis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:740-749. [PMID: 35299250 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dalbergia ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub. is a semi-prostrate species associated with estuaries, mangroves and dunes. This plant species has great ecological and economic importance, especially concerning apiculture pasture and Brazilian red propolis production. In this study, non-clinical toxicological evaluations of the hydroalcoholic extract of D. ecastaphyllum stems (DEHE), the resin production source, were conducted. In addition, the action of DEHE on genomic instability and colon carcinogenesis was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS The extract's chemical profile was analysed by HPLC, and medicarpin, vestitol and neovestitol were found as major compounds. DEHE showed an IC50 equivalent to 373.2 µg/ml and LC50 equal 24.4 mg/L, when evaluated using the XTT colorimetric test and the zebrafish acute toxicity assay, respectively. DEHE was neither genotoxic nor cytotoxic at the highest dose, 2000 mg/kg, by peripheral blood micronucleus test. The treatments DEHE (6 and 24 mg/kg) led to the reduction of micronuclei induced by doxorubicin (DXR) in mice. Furthermore, significantly higher serum levels of reduced glutathione were observed in animals treated with DEHE plus DXR, revealing an antioxidant effect. Treatments with DEHE (48 mg/kg) led to a significant reduction in pre-neoplastic lesions induced by the 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) carcinogen in the rat colon. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly lower levels of expression of COX-2 (86%) and PCNA (83%) in the colon of rats treated with DEHE plus DMH, concerning those treated with the carcinogen. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate the involvement of anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative pathways in the protective effect of DEHE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iara Silva Squarisi
- Postgraduate Program in Science, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Saulo Duarte Ozelin
- Postgraduate Program in Science, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jennyfer Andrea Aldana-Mejía
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Bianca Silva Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Science, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gari Vidal Ccana-Ccapatinta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kumar P, Kumar M, Gautam AK, Sonkar AB, Verma A, Singh A, Nisha R, Kumar U, Kumar D, Mahata T, Bhattacharya B, Maity B, Pandeya A, Gosipatala SB, Saha S. Ameliorative effect of fluvoxamine against colon carcinogenesis via COX-2 blockade with oxidative and metabolic stress reduction at the cellular, molecular and metabolic levels. BBA ADVANCES 2022; 2:100046. [PMID: 37082584 PMCID: PMC10074870 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2022.100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluvoxamine's (FLX's) anticancer potential was investigated in pre-clinical research utilizing a DMH-induced colorectal cancer (CRC) rat model. qRT-PCR and immunoblotting validated the mechanistic investigation. The CRC condition was induced in response to COX-2 and IL-6, however, following FLX therapy, the condition returned to normal. FLX's anti-CRC potential may be attributable to COX-2 inhibition since this molecular activity was more apparent for COX-2 than IL-6. FLX repaired the altered metabolites linked to CRC rats, according to 1H-NMR analysis. FLX was shown to be similar to 5-FU in terms of tumor protection, which may be useful in future medication development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
- Aryakul College of Pharmacy & Research, Gauri- Bijnaur Road, Natkur, adjacent to CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Corresponding author: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Rai Bareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India.
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Anurag Kumar Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Archana Bharti Sonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Abhishek Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Amita Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Raquibun Nisha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Umesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tarun Mahata
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bolay Bhattacharya
- Gethanjali College of Pharmacy, Cheeryal, Keesara, Hyderabad, 501301, India
| | - Biswanath Maity
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Pandeya
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Sunil Babu Gosipatala
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
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Ezema CA, Ezeorba TPC, Aguchem RN, Okagu IU. Therapeutic benefits of Salvia species: A focus on cancer and viral infection. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08763. [PMID: 35146151 PMCID: PMC8819530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Man is increasingly being faced with many health conditions, including viral infection, some of which increases the risk to cancer. These infectious agents contribute to the large number of persons with cancer and the worrisome number that die from the diseases. A good range of drugs are currently in place for treating patients infected with viruses, however, some of the drugs' effectiveness are limited by the emergence of drug-resistant strains of the viruses, as well as adverse effects of the drugs. Similarly, the inability of many anticancer drugs to selectively kill cancer cells while sparing hosts' normal cells limit their use. This warrants more research for newer drugs, especially from chemicals naturally encrypted in plants with anticancer and antiviral activities. In response to infection with cancer-inducing viruses, plants such as Salvia species synthesize and store secondary metabolites to protect themselves and kill these viruses as well as inhibit their ability to induce carcinogenesis. Hence, this review presented a discussion on the potential application of Salvia species in the prevention and management of cancer and viral infection. The study also discusses the cellular mechanisms of action of these herbal products against cancer cells and viruses, where available and provided suggestions on future research directions. The study is believed to spur more research on how to exploit Salvia phytochemicals as candidates for the development of nutraceuticals and drugs for managing cancers and viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinonso Anthony Ezema
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria
- Division of Soft Matter, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | | | - Rita Ngozi Aguchem
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria
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Ferreira NH, Cunha NL, de Melo MRS, Fernandes FS, de Freitas KS, do Nascimento S, Ribeiro AB, de A E Silva ML, Cunha WR, Tavares DC. Betulinic acid exerts antigenotoxic and anticarcinogenic activities via inhibition of COX-2 and PCNA in rodents. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22917. [PMID: 34541749 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals have been suggested as an effective strategy for cancer prevention. Within this context, triterpene betulinic acid (BA) exhibits several biological properties but its chemopreventive effect has not been fully demonstrated. The present study investigated the antigenotoxic potential of BA against doxorubicin (DXR)-induced genotoxicity using the mouse peripheral blood micronucleus assay, as well as its anticarcinogenic activity against 1,2dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colorectal lesions in rats. Micronuclei (MN) assay and aberrant crypt foci assay were used to assess the antigenotoxic and the anticarcinogenic potential, respectively. The molecular mechanisms underlying the anticarcinogenic activity of BA were evaluated by assessing anti-inflammatory (COX-2) and antiproliferative (PCNA) pathways. The results demonstrated that BA at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight exerted antigenotoxic effects against DXR, with a reduction of 70.2% in the frequencies of chromosomal damage. Animals treated with BA showed a 64% reduction in the number of preneoplastic lesions when compared to those treated with the carcinogen alone. The levels of COX-2 and PCNA expression in the colon were significantly lower in animals treated with BA and DMH compared to those treated with the carcinogen alone. The chemopreventive effect of BA is related, at least in part, to its antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activity, indicating a promising potential of this triterpene in anticancer therapies, especially for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália H Ferreira
- Mutagenesis Laboratory and Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayanne L Cunha
- Mutagenesis Laboratory and Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus R S de Melo
- Mutagenesis Laboratory and Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S Fernandes
- Mutagenesis Laboratory and Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karoline S de Freitas
- Mutagenesis Laboratory and Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samuel do Nascimento
- Mutagenesis Laboratory and Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arthur B Ribeiro
- Mutagenesis Laboratory and Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio L de A E Silva
- Mutagenesis Laboratory and Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson R Cunha
- Mutagenesis Laboratory and Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise C Tavares
- Mutagenesis Laboratory and Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wang X, Qian Y, Li X, Jia X, Yan Z, Han M, Qiao M, Ma X, Chu Y, Zhou S, Yang W. Rapid determination of rosmarinic acid and its two bioactive metabolites in the plasma of rats by LC-MS/MS and application to a pharmacokinetics study. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e4984. [PMID: 33025603 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA), an ester compound of caffeic acid (CA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllacic acid, is widely distributed in the herbs of the Lamiaceae family and has shown a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties. CA and FA (ferulic acid) are two bioactive metabolites in vivo after oral administration of RA; however, a rapid and robust analytical approach that can enable the quantitative assay of RA and two bioactive metabolites is still lacking. A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method was established that was capable of the quantitative determination of RA, CA and FA by negative-mode multiple reaction monitoring within 7 min using a Zorbax SB-C18 column and an isocratic elution. This assay method was validated as linear over the investigated ranges with correlation coefficients (r) > 0.9950. The intra- and inter-day precision was <10.65%, and the accuracies (relative error, %) <-6.41%. The validated approach was applied to a pharmacokinetics study of RA and its two metabolites in rats after oral and intravenous administration. RA was rapidly metabolized in both administration modes, whilst the metabolites CA and FA were only detectable by oral administration. The absolute availability of RA was calculated to be 4.13%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yuexin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Jia
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhexuan Yan
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Min Han
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Miao Qiao
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Chu
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Shuiping Zhou
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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de Freitas KS, Squarisi IS, Acésio NO, Nicolella HD, Ozelin SD, Reis Santos de Melo M, Guissone APP, Fernandes G, Silva LM, da Silva Filho AA, Tavares DC. Licochalcone A, a licorice flavonoid: antioxidant, cytotoxic, genotoxic, and chemopreventive potential. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2020; 83:673-686. [PMID: 32886024 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1813228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Licochalcone A (LicoA) is a flavonoid derived from Glycyrrhiza spp. plants. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, genotoxic, and chemopreventive effects of LicoA in in vitro and in vivo systems. The results showed that LicoA (197.1 μM) scavenged 77.92% of free radicals. Concentrations of 147.75 µM or higher LicoA produced cytotoxicity in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) fibroblasts. LicoA treatments of 4.43 to 10.34 µM did not exert genotoxic activity, but at 11.8 µM significantly lowered nuclear division indexes, compared to negative control, revealing cytotoxicity. Lower concentrations (1.85 to 7.39 µM) exhibited protective activity against chromosomal damage induced by doxorubicin (DXR) or methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in CHO cells. LicoA exerted no marked influence on DXR-induced genotoxicity in mouse erythrocytes, but reduced pre-neoplastic lesions induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in rat colon at 3.12 to 50 mg/kg b.w. Biochemical markers and body weight indicated no apparent toxicity. These findings contribute to better understanding the mechanisms underlying LicoA-initiated activity as a promising chemopreventive compound. ABBREVIATIONS AC, aberrant crypts; ACF, aberrant crypt foci; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BOD, biochemical oxygen demand; CHO, Chinese hamster ovary fibroblast; DMH, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; DXR, doxorubicin hydrochloride; EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; GA, gallic acid; LicoA, licochalcone A; MMS, methyl methanesulfonate; MNBC, micronucleated binucleated cells; MNPCE, micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte; NCE, normochromatic erythrocyte; NDI, nuclear division index; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; PCE, polychromatic erythrocyte; XTT, 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iara Silva Squarisi
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade De Franca , Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Saulo Duarte Ozelin
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade De Franca , Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriela Fernandes
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Universidade De Franca , Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia Mara Silva
- Faculdade De Farmácia, Departamento De Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal De Juiz De Fora , Juiz De Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ademar Alves da Silva Filho
- Faculdade De Farmácia, Departamento De Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal De Juiz De Fora , Juiz De Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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11
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Nephroprotective effect of green tea, rosmarinic acid and rosemary on N-diethylnitrosamine initiated and ferric nitrilotriacetate promoted acute renal toxicity in Wistar rats. Interdiscip Toxicol 2020; 12:98-110. [PMID: 32206031 PMCID: PMC7071836 DOI: 10.2478/intox-2019-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the chemoprotective effect of green tea extract (GTE), rosmarinic acid (RA) and rosemary extract (RE) against diethylnitrosamine (DEN) initiated and ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA) promoted nephrotoxicity in rats. Forty male rats were categorized into five: Group I included healthy rats, group II received DEN+Fe-NTA, group III received 200 mg/kg b.wt. of RE+DEN+Fe-NTA, group IV received 1 g/kg b.wt. of GTE+DEN+Fe-NTA and group V received 50 mg/kg b.wt. of RA+DEN+Fe-NTA. RE, GTE, RA were given orally for 14 days before single intraperitoneal administration of DEN (160 mg/kg) till the end of the experiment. Eighteen days after DEN, a single intraperitoneal dose of Fe-NTA (5 mg Fe/kg) was administrated to rats to promote nephrotoxicity. The biochemical parameters were analyzed in serum at time intervals while the malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were assessed in both serum and renal tissues. Kidney from each group was histopathologically examined at time intervals. The administration of Fe-NTA after DEN dose to albino rats resulted in acute nephrotoxicity which was characterized by a highly significant elevation of serum urea, creatinine, uric acid (p=0.000), serum and renal MDA and TNF-α (p=0.000) with vacuolation of epithelial lining renal tubules. The administration of RE, GTE and RA prior to DEN+Fe-NTA treatment significantly ameliorated the observed increased levels of the above mentioned parameters. GTE, RA & RE exerted a protective effect against renal toxicity with GTE showing a more pronounced effect on renal function parameters while RA showed the best antioxidant impact.
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12
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Gupta R, Bhatt LK, Momin M. Potent antitumor activity of Laccaic acid and Phenethyl isothiocyanate combination in colorectal cancer via dual inhibition of DNA methyltransferase-1 and Histone deacetylase-1. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 377:114631. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Liman R, Ciğerci İH, Gökçe S. Cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of Rosmaniric Acid on Allium cepa L. root meristem cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 121:444-449. [PMID: 30248483 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenol carboxylic acid, an ester of caffeic acid with 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid, found in many species. Current study was aimed to investigate the mitotic division, chromosomal and genotoxic effects of RA on Allium cepa root meristematic cells. In Allium root growth inhibition test, EC50 value was found as 100 ppm. Three concentrations (50, 100, and 200 ppm) of RA under different exposure periods (24, 48, 72 and 96 h) were employed to onion tuber roots. Distilled water and methyl methane sulfonate (MMS, 10 ppm) were used as a negative and positive control, respectively. 100 (except 24 h) and 200 ppm of RA significantly decreased mitotic index (MI). There was an increase of total chromosomal aberrations (CAs) at 50 ppm and simultaneous decrease of CAs at 200 ppm concentrations (p < 0.05). A significant increase in DNA damage was also observed at 200 ppm by Comet assay. Quantitative analysis of RA in A. cepa root meristem cells was also done by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Further investigations are required to explore the molecular mechanism involved in the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of RA on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recep Liman
- Uşak University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 64300, Uşak, Turkey.
| | - İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci
- Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Science and Literatures, Biology Department, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Gökçe
- Uşak University, Central Research Laboratory, 64000, Uşak, Turkey
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14
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Şengelen A, Önay-Uçar E. Rosmarinic acid and siRNA combined therapy represses Hsp27 (HSPB1) expression and induces apoptosis in human glioma cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:885-896. [PMID: 29627902 PMCID: PMC6111096 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0896-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High expression of Hsp27 in glioma cells has been closely associated with tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis inhibition. The aim of the present study was to asses the effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) on Hsp27 expression and apoptosis in non-transfected and transfected human U-87 MG cells. The effect of rosmarinic acid was compared to quercetin, which is known to be a good Hsp27 inhibitor. In order to block the expression of Hsp27 gene (HSPB1), transfection with specific siRNAs was performed. Western blotting technique was used to assess the Hsp27 expression, and caspase-3 colorimetric activity assay was performed to determine apoptosis induction. According to the results, it was found that RA and quercetin effectively silenced Hsp27 and both agents induced apoptosis by activating the caspase-3 pathway. Eighty and 215 μM RA decreased the level of Hsp27 by 28.8 and 46.7% and induced apoptosis by 30 and 54%, respectively. For the first time, we reported that rosmarinic acid has the ability to trigger caspase-3 induced apoptosis in human glioma cells. As a result of siRNA transfection, the Hsp27 gene was silenced by ~ 50% but did not cause a statistically significant change in caspase-3 activation. It was also observed that apoptosis was induced at a higher level as a result of Hsp27 siRNA and subsequent quercetin or RA treatment. siRNA transfection and 215 μM RA treatment suppressed Hsp27 expression level by 90.5% and increased caspase-3 activity by 58%. Herein, we demonstrated that RA administered with siRNA seems to be a potent combination for glioblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslıhan Şengelen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Evren Önay-Uçar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Rai A, Kumar U, Raj V, Singh AK, Kumar P, Keshari AK, Kumar D, Maity B, De A, Samanta A, Nath S, Prakash A, Gosipatala SB, Chand G, Saha S. Novel 1,4-benzothazines obliterate COX-2 mediated JAK-2/STAT-3 signals with potential regulation of oxidative and metabolic stress during colorectal cancer. Pharmacol Res 2018; 132:188-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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16
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Raj V, Bhadauria AS, Singh AK, Kumar U, Rai A, Keshari AK, Kumar P, Kumar D, Maity B, Nath S, Prakash A, Ansari KM, Jat JL, Saha S. Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazoles inhibit colorectal cancer via blockade of IL-6/COX-2 mediated JAK2/STAT3 signals as evidenced through data-based mathematical modeling. Cytokine 2018; 118:144-159. [PMID: 29580751 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
We attempted a preclinical study using DMH-induced CRC rat model to evaluate the antitumor potential of our recently synthesized 1,3,4-thiadiazoles. The molecular insights were confirmed through ELISA, qRT-PCR and western blot analyses. The CRC condition was produced in response to COX-2 and IL-6 induced activation of JAK2/STAT3 which, in turn, was due to the enhanced phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. The treatment with 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives (VR24 and VR27) caused the significant blockade of this signaling pathway. The behavior of STAT3 populations in response to IL-6 and COX-2 stimulations was further confirmed through data-based mathematical modeling using the quantitative western blot data. Finally, VR24 and VR27 restored the perturbed metabolites associated to DMH-induced CRC as evidenced through 1H NMR based serum metabolomics. The tumor protecting ability of VR24 and VR27 was found comparable or to some degree better than the marketed chemotherapeutics, 5-flurouracil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinit Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Archana S Bhadauria
- Faculty of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Deva Road, Lucknow 225003, India
| | - Ashok K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Umesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Amit K Keshari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Pranesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Biswanath Maity
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sneha Nath
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Kausar M Ansari
- Environmental Carcinogenesis, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Jawahar L Jat
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India.
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17
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Khanaree C, Pintha K, Tantipaiboonwong P, Suttajit M, Chewonarin T. The effect ofPerilla frutescensleaf on 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-induced initiation of colon carcinogenesis in rats. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chakkrit Khanaree
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Chiang Mai University; Sripoom Muang Chiang Mai Thailand
- Division of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences; University of Phayao; Maeka Muang Phayao Thailand
| | - Komsak Pintha
- Division of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences; University of Phayao; Maeka Muang Phayao Thailand
| | - Payungsak Tantipaiboonwong
- Division of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences; University of Phayao; Maeka Muang Phayao Thailand
| | - Maitree Suttajit
- Division of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences; University of Phayao; Maeka Muang Phayao Thailand
| | - Teera Chewonarin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Chiang Mai University; Sripoom Muang Chiang Mai Thailand
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18
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Altay A, Bozoğlu F. Salvia fruticosa Modulates mRNA Expressions and Activity Levels of Xenobiotic Metabolizing CYP1A2, CYP2E1, NQO1, GPx, and GST Enzymes in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma HT-29 Cells. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:892-903. [PMID: 28718679 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1339817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have gained considerable interests because of their use in some industrial areas including nutrition, cosmetic, pharmacy, and medicine. Salvia fruticosa M. (Lamiaceae) is known for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative activities. Phase I xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, CYP1A2 and CYP2E1, produce reactive metabolites which are eliminated by the action of phase II enzymes, NQO1, GPx, and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). In this study, in vitro modulatory effects of S. fruticosa and its major phenolic compound rosmarinic acid (RA) on CYP1A2, CYP2E1, NQO1, GPx, and GSTm1 mRNA expressions and enzyme activities of GPx and GSTs were investigated in HT-29 cells. An mRNA expression analysis revealed that CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 levels were decreased while those of NQO1, GPx, and GSTm1 increased after S. fruticosa and RA treatments. In parallel to gene expressions, enzyme activities of GPx and GSTs by S. fruticosa increased 1.68- and 1.48-fold, respectively. Moreover, RA increased GPx and GSTs activities 1.67- and 1.94-fold, respectively. The results of this preliminary study show that metabolism of xenobiotics may be altered due to changes in the expression and activity of the investigated enzymes by S. fruticosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Altay
- a Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey.,b Department of Food Engineering , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Faruk Bozoğlu
- b Department of Food Engineering , Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey
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19
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Copaifera multijuga oleoresin and its constituent diterpene (−)-copalic acid: Genotoxicity and chemoprevention study. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Adomako-Bonsu AG, Chan SL, Pratten M, Fry JR. Antioxidant activity of rosmarinic acid and its principal metabolites in chemical and cellular systems: Importance of physico-chemical characteristics. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 40:248-255. [PMID: 28122265 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Persistent accumulation of reactive oxygen species causes cellular oxidative stress which contributes strongly towards the induction and progression of various diseases. Therapeutic focus has therefore shifted towards the use of antioxidants, with recent interest in those of plant origin. In the current study, rosmarinic acid (RA) and its key metabolites were evaluated in non-cellular and cellular antioxidant assays, using quercetin (Q) as a positive control. The non-cellular assay was performed as scavenging of DPPH radical, whilst the cellular assay was performed as protection from an oxidant stress. Radical-scavenging activity of RA and two of its primary metabolites, CA and DHPLA, were comparable to that of Q, whilst FA was of lower potency and m-CoA was inactive. In the cellular assay, RA and CA were markedly less potent than Q, with DHPLA, FA and m-CoA being inactive, this being true in short-term (5-h) or long-term (20-h) exposure conditions. However, antioxidant potency of Q and methyl rosmarinate, a non-ionisable ester of RA, was similar in the non-cellular and short-term cellular assays. It is proposed that marked ionisation of organic acids such as RA and its metabolites at physiological pH greatly limits their intracellular accumulation, and so attenuates intrinsic antioxidant ability demonstrated in the non-cellular assay. This study demonstrates some of the factors that prevent well-known phytochemicals from progressing further along the drug discovery chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amma G Adomako-Bonsu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Sue Lf Chan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Margaret Pratten
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Jeffrey R Fry
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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21
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Ionita R, Postu PA, Beppe GJ, Mihasan M, Petre BA, Hancianu M, Cioanca O, Hritcu L. Cognitive-enhancing and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract from Markhamia tomentosa (Benth.) K. Schum. stem bark in a rat model of scopolamine. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS : BBF 2017; 13:5. [PMID: 28351401 PMCID: PMC5371259 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-017-0123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants of the genus Markhamia have been traditionally used by different tribes in various parts of West African countries, including Cameroun. Markhamia tomentosa (Benth.) K. Schum. (Bignoniaceae) is used as an antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant and anti-Alzheimer agent. The current study was undertaken in order to investigate its anti-amnesic and antioxidant potential on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment and to determine its possible mechanism of action. METHODS Rats were pretreated with the aqueous extract (50 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.), for 10 days, and received a single injection of scopolamine (0.7 mg/kg, i.p.) before training in Y-maze and radial arm-maze tests. The biochemical parameters in the rat hippocampus were also assessed to explore oxidative status. Statistical analyses were performed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. F values for which p < 0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. RESULTS In the scopolamine-treated rats, the aqueous extract improved memory in behavioral tests and decreased the oxidative stress in the rat hippocampus. Also, the aqueous extract exhibited anti-acetylcholinesterase activity. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the aqueous extract ameliorates scopolamine-induced spatial memory impairment by attenuation of the oxidative stress in the rat hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Ionita
- Department of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Paula Alexandra Postu
- Department of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Galba Jean Beppe
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, PO Box, 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, PO Box, 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Marius Mihasan
- Department of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Brindusa Alina Petre
- Department of Chemistry, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Monica Hancianu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Cioanca
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 16 University Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lucian Hritcu
- Department of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
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Moore J, Yousef M, Tsiani E. Anticancer Effects of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract and Rosemary Extract Polyphenols. Nutrients 2016; 8:E731. [PMID: 27869665 PMCID: PMC5133115 DOI: 10.3390/nu8110731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells display enhanced growth rates and a resistance to apoptosis. The ability of cancer cells to evade homeostasis and proliferate uncontrollably while avoiding programmed cell death/apoptosis is acquired through mutations to key signaling molecules, which regulate pathways involved in cell proliferation and survival. Compounds of plant origin, including food components, have attracted scientific attention for use as agents for cancer prevention and treatment. The exploration into natural products offers great opportunity to evaluate new anticancer agents as well as understand novel and potentially relevant mechanisms of action. Rosemary extract has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anticancer properties. Rosemary extract contains many polyphenols with carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid found in highest concentrations. The present review summarizes the existing in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on the anticancer effects of rosemary extract and the rosemary extract polyphenols carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid, and their effects on key signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessy Moore
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
| | - Michael Yousef
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
| | - Evangelia Tsiani
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
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23
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Venkatachalam K, Gunasekaran S, Namasivayam N. Biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying the chemopreventive efficacy of rosmarinic acid in a rat colon cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 791:37-50. [PMID: 27565219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To shed light on colon cancer chemoprevention, natural phytochemicals attract researchers by virtue of their beneficial biological effects. The chemopreventive potential of rosmarinic acid (RA) was tested by using the colon carcinogen, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) by evaluating the Aberrant crypt foci (ACF), tumour incidence, lipid peroxidative byproducts, phase I & II drug metabolizing enzymes, cell proliferative and apoptotic proteins. Rats were divided into six groups and received modified pellet diet. Group 1 served as control rats, group 2 rats received RA (5mg/kg b.w. p.o.), rats in groups 3-6 received DMH (20mg/kg b.w., s.c.) for the first fifteen weeks. In addition to DMH, groups 4-6 received RA at the dose of 5mg/kg b.w. during initiation, post initiation stages and also for the entire study period. DMH treated rats showed an increase in the development of ACF, tumour formation and multiplicity and decrease in lipid peroxidative byproducts. Moreover, it modulates xenobiotic enzymes and reduces the expressions of proapoptotic proteins; increases expressions of anti apoptotic proteins at the end of the study. Supplementation with RA to carcinogen treated rats protected them from the above deleterious effects caused by DMH and thus RA may be used as a potent chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikkumar Venkatachalam
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sivagami Gunasekaran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Nalini Namasivayam
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India.
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24
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Xavier CP, Pereira-Wilson C. Medicinal plants of the genuses Salvia and Hypericum are sources of anticolon cancer compounds: Effects on PI3K/Akt and MAP kinases pathways. PHARMANUTRITION 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Paracatu LC, de Faria CMQG, Zeraik ML, Quinello C, Rennó C, Palmeira P, da Fonseca LM, Ximenes VF. Hydrophobicity and antioxidant activity acting together for the beneficial health properties of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. Food Funct 2015; 6:1818-31. [PMID: 25927268 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00091b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) and rosmarinic acid (RA), phenolic compounds found in various plants and functional foods, have known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we comparatively investigated the importance of hydrophobicity and oxidisability of NDGA and RA, regarding their antioxidant and pharmacological activities. Using a panel of cell-free antioxidant protocols, including electrochemical measurements, we demonstrated that the anti-radical capacities of RA and NDGA were similar. However, the relative capacity of NDGA as an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase (ex vivo assays) was significantly higher compared to RA. The inhibitory effect on NADPH oxidase was not related to simple scavengers of superoxide anions, as confirmed by oxygen consumption by the activated neutrophils. The higher hydrophobicity of NDGA was also a determinant for the higher efficacy of NDGA regarding the inhibition of the release of hypochlorous acid by PMA-activated neutrophil and cytokine (TNF-α and IL-10) production by Staphylococcus aureus-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In conclusion, although there have been extensive studies about the pharmacological properties of NDGA, our study showed, for the first time, the importance not only of its antioxidant activity, but also its hydrophobicity as a crucial factor for pharmacological action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Chiquetto Paracatu
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14801-902, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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