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Rabai NA, Alrababah A, Ba-Shammakh SA, Aloqaily A, Saleh SW, Al-Oqaily MM. Pilomatrixoma of the Arm: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Cureus 2023; 15:e45768. [PMID: 37872911 PMCID: PMC10590536 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pilomatrixoma (PMX), also known as calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is a rare benign neoplasm that arises from the hair matrix cells, commonly in the head, neck, and upper trunk regions, infrequently affecting upper and lower extremities. It has to two peaks of presentation: under 20 years of age or between 50 and 65 years of age, slightly more common in females. The neoplasm exhibits diverse clinical manifestations and is frequently subject to misdiagnosis with alternative dermatological diseases. We present an atypical case of PMX affecting the upper extremity of a 62-year-old female patient. Surgical removal of the affected tissue under local anesthesia was performed, and subsequent histopathological analysis confirmed the presence of PMX. Based on the literature search we performed, we found out that this pathology is underreported in Jordan, with only one study published describing this tumor in the maxillofacial region. Physicians should be aware of this condition and its different presentations to include it in the differential diagnosis of suspected cases to provide the appropriate management and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimah A Rabai
- Department of General Surgery, Princess Basma Teaching Hospital, Irbid, JOR
| | - Arqam Alrababah
- Department of General Surgery, Princess Basma Teaching Hospital, Irbid, JOR
| | | | - Ayat Aloqaily
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JOR
| | - Siwar W Saleh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JOR
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Giant Pilomatricoma Mistaken for a Malignant Tumor. J Craniofac Surg 2022:00001665-990000000-00465. [PMID: 36730872 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pilomatricomas are tumors originating from the matrices of hair follicles. Giant pilomatricomas, defined as pilomatricomas that are 5 cm or larger, are benign but may appear malignant clinically. We present the case of a 69-year-old man with a rapidly growing mass on his scalp. When he visited our department, the tumor measured 10.0×6.0×4.0 cm and showed inflammation and ulceration. Magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography showed findings resembling lymph node metastasis from a malignant tumor. However, upon an incisional biopsy, the tumor was diagnosed as a pilomatricoma. Therefore, we performed an excisional biopsy instead of radical surgery and lymph node dissection. The tumor was ultimately diagnosed as a giant pilomatricoma based on the excisional biopsy, and the patient received reconstruction only at the site of the defect. A giant pilomatricoma can be mistaken for a malignant tumor due to its characteristics. In such uncertain cases, it can be helpful to first perform an excisional biopsy.
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Tavares AT, Neiva-Sousa M, Semedo C, Martins M, Gomes P. Pilomatrixoma Recurring as Giant Form. Cureus 2022; 14:e21308. [PMID: 35070581 PMCID: PMC8762428 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pilomatrixoma is a benign skin tumor that originates from the hair matrix. It usually appears in children and young adults and is preferably in the head and neck region. It clinically presents as an asymptomatic firm, solitary subcutaneous mass of less than 3 cm. When located in the preauricular area, it is often misdiagnosed as benign or malignant parotids, skin tumors, or sebaceous cysts. Its treatment of choice is surgery, and recurrence is due to incomplete excision. We present a case of a male referred to our hospital with a diagnosis of recurrent pilomatrixoma in its giant form. The lesion was fully excised with no signs of recurrence and no functional impairment.
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Egger A, Li Y, Gonzalez ME. A Case Report of a Rapidly Growing Giant Pilomatrixoma on the Posterior Shoulder in a 12-Year-Old Male Patient. Skin Appendage Disord 2020; 6:240-243. [PMID: 32903889 DOI: 10.1159/000507641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Giant pilomatrixomas are quite rare and can be clinically challenging to diagnose. Case Presentation Here, we report a case of a rapidly growing mass on the shoulder of a 12-year-old previously healthy boy. The lesion on his right shoulder appeared as a painless, pink-blue-colored solitary mass that started 6 months ago and rapidly enlarged to 4.5 × 6 cm in size. Previous biopsy results were inconclusive, showing only hypercellular spindle cell proliferation in a collagenous stroma. There was concern for malignancy versus mixed lymphatic venous malformation or benign soft tissue tumor. An excisional biopsy was done and demonstrated features of a pilomatrixoma. Complete surgical removal with clear margins was curative. Conclusion Diagnosis and management of rapidly enlarging skin lesions in children can be difficult for clinicians and dermatopathologists. Excisional biopsy can be both diagnostic and therapeutic. A timely exclusion of malignancy is of utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andjela Egger
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Yumeng Li
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Mercedes E Gonzalez
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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Koh IS, Cho HJ, Kim JW. Rapidly growing giant pilomatricoma in the right parotid region of a pregnant woman. Arch Craniofac Surg 2020; 21:176-179. [PMID: 32630990 PMCID: PMC7349135 DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2019.00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pilomatricoma is a benign tumor arising from the primitive basal cells of the epidermis that differentiate into hair matrix cells. Mutations in the CTNNB1 gene, which encodes β-catenin (a protein involved in hair growth), play an etiological role in the development of pilomatricoma. A 34-yearold woman presenting with a mass in the right parotid region underwent an excisional biopsy. The mass was conclusively diagnosed as pilomatricoma. During pregnancy, the mass grew from 1 cm to 5 cm in diameter and was accompanied by pain and tenderness. The growth may have been facilitated by the increased production of estrogen and progesterone, which bind to receptors located in the outer root sheath cells of the hair follicles. No recurrence was observed during 6 months of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Suk Koh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hwa Jin Cho
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Marino MA, Ascenti G, Cardia R, Ieni A, Colonna MR. Pilomatrixoma of the right thigh: Sonographic-pathologic correlation in a young man. Radiol Case Rep 2019; 15:230-233. [PMID: 32071653 PMCID: PMC7010961 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Pilomatrixoma, also known as calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is a histological type of benign subcutaneous tumor arising from the cutaneous adnexa. We present our experience and the characteristic findings of a pilomatrixoma of the right thigh in a young healthy man. The lesion had grown slowly in size over the past year and this was the reason for referral to the Department of Plastic Surgery. Ultrasound imaging was performed and, through the use of B-mode, color-Doppler, and elastosonography, the lesion was depicted. The patient was therefore scheduled for surgery. Pilomatrixomas at times can pose a diagnostic challenge, especially when the location is unusual. Ultrasound and its tools, that is, color-Doppler and elastography, can assist the clinician arising the suspicion of pilomatrixoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Adele Marino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphologic and Functional Imaging, Policlinico Universitario G. Martino, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ascenti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphologic and Functional Imaging, Policlinico Universitario G. Martino, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Cardia
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Section of Pathology, University of Messina, 98123 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Section of Pathology, University of Messina, 98123 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele R Colonna
- Department of Human Pathology of the Adult, the Child and the Adolescent, Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pilomatrixoma, also known as calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is a superficial benign skin tumor that arises from hair follicle matrix cells. Although pilomatrixomas are well-recognized lesions, clinically they are frequently misdiagnosed as other skin conditions. By reviewing all the literature over the past 10 years, the aims of this article are to analyze the cause, clinical presentation, management, and outcome of pilomatrixoma among children and adults to gain a more complete understanding of this lesion in today's clinical context. METHODS A MEDLINE and EMBASE search was conducted from January 2005 to February 2015 using a combination of the terms: "child," "childhood," "adult," and keywords: "pilomatrixoma," "pilomatricoma," and "calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe." A total of 150 articles were reviewed. RESULTS The lesions occurred most commonly in the first and second decades (mean age 16 years and 7 months). The commonest presentation was of an asymptomatic, firm, slowly growing, mobile nodule. Only 16% were accurately diagnosed on clinical examination. Imaging in the form of ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging has been reported. Pathological diagnosis was achieved through incision, punch, and shave biopsies. Pathological findings are discussed and summarized in this review. CONCLUSION Pilomatrixomas are thought to arise from mutation in the Wnt pathway and has been linked to several genetic conditions. It is commonly misdiagnosed preoperatively; however, with better awareness of the lesion, it can be appropriately treated while avoiding unnecessary diagnostic tests. Complete surgical excision with clear margins is almost always curative.
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Beattie G, Tai C, Pinar Karakas S, Cham E, Idowu O, Kim S. Colossal pilomatrixoma. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2017; 100:e38-e40. [PMID: 29182000 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2017.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the largest reported case of pilomatrixoma in the literature. While pilomatrixomas typically present as small soft-tissue nodules of the head, neck and upper extremities, they can also present as much larger masses in atypical locations. When they present in their usual size, pilomatrixomas have typical imaging features and can be correctly diagnosed with imaging studies before histological confirmation. Their clinical and imaging diagnosis become challenging when they are very large, as in our case. A giant pilomatrixoma should also be considered for paediatric patients presenting with a large subcutaneous soft-tissue mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Beattie
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco-East Bay Oakland, CA United States
| | - C Tai
- Division of Plastic Surgery, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, CA United States
| | - S Pinar Karakas
- Department of Radiology, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, CA United States
| | - E Cham
- Department of Pathology, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, CA United States
| | - O Idowu
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, CA United States
| | - S Kim
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, CA United States
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Honda A, Funakoshi T, Takahashi M, Kameyama K, Tanese K. A case of rapidly grown giant pilomatricoma: Histological evaluation and immunohistochemical analysis of c-KIT. DERMATOL SIN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsi.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Grohs RL, Mesbah Ardakani N, Harvey NT, Luczak BP, Wood BA. Giant proliferating pilomatricoma; report of a rare entity. Australas J Dermatol 2016; 58:e91-e93. [PMID: 27301983 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Proliferating pilomatricoma is a benign tumour and a rare variant of pilomatricoma that has the potential for local recurrence if incompletely excised. We report a case of giant proliferating pilomatricoma on the forearm of a 66-year-old woman. This tumour was unusually large and the presence of ulceration and rapid growth raised clinical suspicion of malignancy. The identification of shadow or ghost cells is a good clue to matrical differentiation, which can be confirmed by β-catenin immunostaining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Grohs
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nima Mesbah Ardakani
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nathan T Harvey
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bernard P Luczak
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin A Wood
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Hawkes JE, Woodcock J, Christensen LC, Duffy KL. Giant pilomatricoma with angiomyxoid stroma: Unusual presentation of a benign tumor. JAAD Case Rep 2016; 1:169-71. [PMID: 27051720 PMCID: PMC4808730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jason E Hawkes
- University of Utah Department of Dermatology, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jamie Woodcock
- University of Utah Department of Dermatology, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Keith L Duffy
- University of Utah Department of Dermatology, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Bansal C, Mishra J. Seemingly insignificant, but crucial cytomorphological leads in diagnosis of pilomatricoma of parotid region. Int J Trichology 2014; 6:175-6. [PMID: 25368475 PMCID: PMC4212295 DOI: 10.4103/0974-7753.142866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pilomatricoma is a benign cutaneous appendegeal neoplasm which occurs as dermal nodule on head and neck region of children and young adults. Tumors pose a potential difficulty when diagnosed on fine-needle aspiration cytology. In this communication, we illustrate the cytomorphological features of pilomatricoma in a 38-year-female who presented with a nodule over the parotid region. Repeated aspirations of this nodule revealed low cellularity and cytology was hence inconclusive. The final diagnosis was made on histological examination and then retrospectively when those paucicellular cytological smears were analyzed again; showed features that could have driven the pathologist toward pilomatricoma. Familiarization and careful cytological examination under appropriate clinical conditions is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakshu Bansal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jyoti Mishra
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Stefano P, Apa S, Balancini B. Pilomatrixoma gigante y ulcerado en un niño. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2013; 104:924-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Stefano P, Apa S, Balancini B. Ulcerated Giant Pilomatrixoma in a Child. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Belliappa P, Umashankar N, Raveendra L. Bullous pilomatricoma: a rare variant resembling bouncy ball. Int J Trichology 2013; 5:32-4. [PMID: 23960395 PMCID: PMC3746225 DOI: 10.4103/0974-7753.114716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pilomatricoma (pilomatrixoma) or calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is a tumor with differentiation toward hair cells, particularly hair cortex cells. It frequently presents as a firm, deep-seated nodule that is covered by normal skin. Bullous pilomatricoma is an unusual clinical variant. Reports on bullous variant of pilomatricoma is sparse, and only 17 cases have been reported world-wide until date out of which only two cases are reported from India. We present a report of a 17-year-old female with a solitary reddish semi-transparent blister over her right upper arm since 3 months resembling a bouncy ball. Histopathology revealed tumor nests of basophilic cells and eosinophilic shadow cells, which are consistent with pilomatricoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pr Belliappa
- Department of Dermatology, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Kambipura, Kengeri Hobli, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Souto MPA, Matsushita MDM, Matsushita GDM, Souto LRM. An unusual presentation of giant pilomatrixoma in an adult patient. J Dermatol Case Rep 2013; 7:56-9. [PMID: 23858343 DOI: 10.3315/jdcr.2013.1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pilomatrixoma (OMIM ID #132600) is a benign cutaneous tumor originating from the pilosebaceous follicle and characterized by the presence of subcutaneous nodules of up to 3.0 cm in diameter, usually on the head, neck and upper extremities. It is most common in the first two decades of life and after the age of 60. MAIN OBSERVATIONS An adult female patient was evaluated, presenting a solid tumoral lesion with erythematous surface and purplish tone, with approximately 7.5 x 5.0 cm in size, in the interscapulovertebral region. It was thought to be an epidermoid cyst, sarcoma, calcified hemangioma, giant dermatofibroma, or nodular basal cell carcinoma. The resection of the lesion was carried out and, at the histological examination, specific details were observed that led to the diagnosis of pilomatrixoma. CONCLUSION Pilomatrixoma should be suspected in the differential diagnosis of giant adnexal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Patrícia Auada Souto
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo state, Brazil
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de Unamuno B, Ballester R, Hernández P, Febrer I, Alegre V. [Giant pilomatrixoma: a benign tumour with a rare presentation]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2013; 80:e35-6. [PMID: 23746466 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B de Unamuno
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España.
| | - R Ballester
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | - P Hernández
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | - I Febrer
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | - V Alegre
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España
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Lorente Lavirgen AI, Bernabeu Wittel J, De Zulueta Dorado T, Conejo Mir J. Rapid onset of forehead mass in an infant. J Pediatr 2012; 161:766. [PMID: 22632875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Giant pilomatricoma involving the parotid: Case report and literature review. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2011; 39:519-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2010.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Abstract
AIM To delineate and characterize the cytomorphologic features of pilomatrixoma (PMX) helpful in correct diagnosis of the lesion on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Archival records of clinical findings, FNAC and histopathological reports of PMX cases were analyzed. Aspirate findings in 14 cases of PMX were correlated with detailed clinical data and subsequent histopathology on excisional biopsy. Different morphological findings were graded semiquantitatively from 0 to 3+. RESULTS The series showed female preponderance, with head and neck being the commonest site. Majority patients had a single tumor with mean size of 1.6 cm. Out of 14 biopsy proven cases of PMX, cytology findings revealed PMX in 7 cases on the basis of ghost cells, groups of basaloid cells, squamous cells in combination with multinucleated giant cells and calcium deposits in a background of debris. The main reasons for erroneous diagnosis were predominance of one component over the others and non-representative aspirated material. CONCLUSIONS The cytological features of PMX are characteristic and allow a conclusive diagnosis provided the smears are examined keenly bearing in mind the diagnostic traps that can mislead a cytopathologist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherry Bansal
- Department of Pathology, Eras Medical College and Hospital, Hardoi Road, Lucknow, India
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Giant pilomatricoma: a benign tumor in an uncommon presentation. J Pediatr 2009; 154:623. [PMID: 19324227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wachter-Giner T, Bieber I, Warmuth-Metz M, Bröcker EB, Hamm H. Multiple pilomatricomas and gliomatosis cerebri--a new association? Pediatr Dermatol 2009; 26:75-8. [PMID: 19250412 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2008.00827.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pilomatricomas are benign skin tumors originating from hair follicle matrix cells. In 2% to 3.5% of cases they occur in multiplicity and then may be associated with genetic diseases, such as myotonic dystrophy Curschmann-Steinert, familial adenomatous polyposis (Gardner syndrome), and Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. A 15-year-old boy treated with temozolomide and oxcarbazepine for gliomatosis cerebri with symptomatic epilepsy developed four firm cutaneous nodules on his face and right upper arm in the course of 1 year. All four tumors were excised under local anesthesia. Histological examination confirmed the clinical diagnosis of pilomatricomas. This is the first published case of a patient suffering from gliomatosis cerebri and developing multiple pilomatricomas. Whether this observation represents a new association or is a mere coincidence cannot be clarified at present.
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Levy J, Ilsar M, Deckel Y, Maly A, Anteby I, Pe'er J. Eyelid Pilomatrixoma: A Description of 16 cases and a Review of the Literature. Surv Ophthalmol 2008; 53:526-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2008.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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