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Nikl A, Janssen MF, Jenei B, Brodszky V, Rencz F. Population Norms for the EQ-5D-5L, PROPr and SF-6D in Hungary. PHARMACOECONOMICS 2024; 42:583-603. [PMID: 38416366 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-024-01360-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop population norms for three preference-accompanied measures [EQ-5D-5L, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)-preference scoring system (PROPr) and Short-Form Six-Dimension (SF-6D)] in Hungary. METHODS In November 2020, an online cross-sectional survey was conducted among a representative sample of the Hungarian adult general population (n = 1631). Respondents completed the Hungarian versions of the EQ-5D-5L, PROMIS-29+2 version 2.1 and 36-item Short Form Survey version 1 (SF-36v1). The association of utilities with sociodemographic and health-related characteristics of respondents was analysed using multivariate regressions. RESULTS The proportion of respondents reporting problems ranged from 8 to 44% (self-care to pain/discomfort) on the EQ-5D-5L, 39-94% (physical function to sleep) on PROPr and 38-87% (role limitations to vitality) on the SF-6D. Problems related to physical function, self-care, usual activities/role limitations and pain increased with age, while mental health problems decreased in all three measures. In almost all corresponding domains, respondents indicated the fewest problems on the EQ-5D-5L and the most problems on the SF-6D. The mean EQ-5D-5L, PROPr and SF-6D utilities were 0.900, 0.535 and 0.755, respectively. Female gender (PROPr, SF-6D), a lower level of education (EQ-5D-5L, PROPr), being unemployed or a disability pensioner (EQ-5D-5L), being underweight or obese (SF-6D), lack of physical exercise (all) and polypharmacy (all) were associated with significantly lower utilities. PROPr yielded the lowest and EQ-5D-5L the highest mean utilities in 28 of 30 chronic health conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study presents the first set of Hungarian population norms for the EQ-5D-5L, PROPr and SF-6D. Our findings can serve as reference values in clinical trials and observational studies and contribute to the monitoring of population health and the assessment of disease burden in Hungary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nikl
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, 1093, Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University Doctoral School, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mathieu F Janssen
- Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Balázs Jenei
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, 1093, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Valentin Brodszky
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, 1093, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fanni Rencz
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, 1093, Budapest, Hungary.
- Semmelweis University Doctoral School, Budapest, Hungary.
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Ne CKH, Suaini NHA, Aung WT, Ong KGS, Samuel M, Tham EH. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on adults and children with atopic dermatitis and food allergy: Systematic review. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2024; 3:100181. [PMID: 38026506 PMCID: PMC10665685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2023.100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused significant disruptions to health care services and health impacts on patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and/or food allergy (FA). Objective We evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and disease on AD/FA patients. Methods A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted from December 2019 to 2022. Screening and data extraction were done following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, or MMAT, was used to assess risk of bias. Results In total, 159 studies were included. Five of 7 studies reported no significant changes in overall incidence or prevalence of AD during the pandemic, although some studies noted an increase in the elderly and infants. Telehealth served as an effective alternative to face-to-face consultations, with mixed levels of patient and provider satisfaction. Dissatisfaction was most marked in patients with more severe disease, who thought that their disease was inadequately managed through telemedicine. Higher levels of general anxiety were recorded in both AD/FA patients and caregivers, and it was more pronounced in patients with severe disease. Most studies reported no significant differences in postvaccination adverse effects in AD patients; however, results were more varied in FA patients. Conclusion Our review identified the impact of COVID-19 pandemic- and disease-driven changes on AD/FA patients. Telemedicine is uniquely suited to manage atopic diseases, and hybrid care may be a suitable approach even in the postpandemic era. COVID-19 vaccines and biologics can be safely administered to patients with atopic diseases, with appropriate patient education to ensure continued care for high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noor Hidayatul Aini Suaini
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Win Thu Aung
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | | | - Miny Samuel
- Research Support Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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Szlávicz E, Szabó Á, Kinyó Á, Szeiffert A, Bancsók T, Brodszky V, Gyulai R, Rencz F. Content validity of the EQ-5D-5L with skin irritation and self-confidence bolt-ons in patients with atopic dermatitis: a qualitative think-aloud study. Qual Life Res 2024; 33:101-111. [PMID: 37787930 PMCID: PMC10784357 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Two bolt-on dimensions (skin irritation, self-confidence) have been developed for the EQ-5D-5L to improve its content validity and responsiveness in psoriasis. However, the two bolt-ons are not strictly psoriasis-specific and are potentially relevant in other skin conditions. This study aims to explore the content validity of the EQ-5D-5L with two bolt-ons in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS In 2021-2022, qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 adult AD patients at a university dermatology clinic in Hungary. We aimed for a heterogeneous sample in terms of age, gender, education and disease severity. Patients completed the EQ-5D-5L with two bolt-ons using a think-aloud protocol. Probing questions were posed to investigate item relevance, potential conceptual overlaps, missing concepts and the appropriateness of the recall period. Interview transcripts were subjected to thematic analysis. RESULTS The EQ-5D-5L with the two bolt-ons covered the most important aspects of health-related quality of life in AD patients. Most patients found both the skin irritation and self-confidence bolt-ons relevant. Fifteen potential missing concepts were identified, but only two (social relationships, judgement by others) were identified by more than one patient. A smaller conceptual overlap was found between the skin irritation and pain/discomfort dimensions in 7 patients (35%). Half the patients expressed a preference for a recall period of 1 week rather than of 'today'. CONCLUSIONS The EQ-5D-5L with skin irritation and self-confidence bolt-ons showed good relevance, comprehensiveness and comprehensibility in patients with AD. However, in terms of comprehensiveness, social relationships and judgement by others (stigma) may be missing from the questionnaire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Szlávicz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, Medical School, University of Pécs, 1 Akác Street, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Ákos Szabó
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
- Károly Rácz Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kinyó
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, Medical School, University of Pécs, 1 Akác Street, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anita Szeiffert
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, Medical School, University of Pécs, 1 Akác Street, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bancsók
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, Medical School, University of Pécs, 1 Akác Street, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Valentin Brodszky
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rolland Gyulai
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, Medical School, University of Pécs, 1 Akác Street, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Fanni Rencz
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
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Beretzky Z, Koszorú K, Rencz F, Hajdu K, Borza J, Bodai K, Feifei X, Szegedi A, Sárdy M, Brodszky V. Societal costs and health related quality of life in adult atopic dermatitis. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:859. [PMID: 37580792 PMCID: PMC10426091 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09840-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cost-of-illness studies are widely used for healthcare decision-making in chronic conditions. Our aim was to assess the cost-of-illness of adult atopic dermatitis (AD) from the societal perspective in Hungary. METHODS We conducted a multicentre, cross-sectional questionnaire survey between February 2018 and January 2021. Data was collected from consecutive AD patients aged ≥ 18 years and their physicians at dermatology departments in Hungary. We calculated direct and indirect costs, including costs for treatments, outpatient visits, hospital admissions, informal care, travel costs and productivity loss. To assess indirect costs, the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire was used to collect data, and costs were estimated with the human capital approach. Generalized linear model was used to analyse predictors of total, direct and indirect costs. RESULTS Altogether 218 patients completed the survey (57.8% female) with an average age of 31.3 (SD = 11.7). Patients' average Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score was 13.5 (SD = 8.5). According to Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score, 2.3% (n = 5), 21.2% (n = 46), 54.4% (n = 118) and 22.1% (n = 48) had clear, mild, moderate, and severe AD, respectively. We found that the average total, direct medical, direct non-medical and indirect annual costs per patients were €4,331, €1,136, €747, and €2450, respectively, with absenteeism and presenteeism being the main cost drivers, accounting for 24% and 29% of the total cost of AD. A one-year longer disease duration led to, on average, 1.6%, and 4.2% increase in total and direct non-medical costs, respectively. Patients with worse health-related quality of life (higher DLQI score) had significantly higher total, direct medical, direct non-medical costs, and indirect costs. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate a substantial economic burden of AD from a societal perspective, mainly driven by productivity losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Beretzky
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, Budapest, H-1093, Hungary.
| | - Kamilla Koszorú
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fanni Rencz
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, Budapest, H-1093, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Hajdu
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence MTA and ELKH-DE Allergology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Júlia Borza
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Bodai
- Saint Martin Outpatient Center, Pannonhalma, Hungary
| | - Xu Feifei
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, Budapest, H-1093, Hungary
| | - Andrea Szegedi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence MTA and ELKH-DE Allergology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Miklós Sárdy
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Valentin Brodszky
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, Budapest, H-1093, Hungary
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Beretzky Z, Rencz F, Brodszky V. Normative data and socio-demographic determinants of the Dermatology Life Quality Index in a large online sample of the Hungarian population. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2022; 22:1153-1161. [PMID: 35912947 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2022.2108793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population norms are available for several generic health-related quality of life questionnaires, but rarely for disease- or specialty-specific questionnaires. OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to calculate population norms for the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score. METHODS We conducted an online self-completed questionnaire survey on a large sample of the general Hungarian adult population. Respondents' socio-demographic characteristics and dermatology-related quality of life aspects were recorded. RESULTS A total of 2,001 participants completed the questionnaire, with the average age of 48.2 (SD = 16.6) years, half of the respondents in our sample (n = 981) reported long-standing health problems. The average DLQI score was 1.9 (SD = 4.0) with women having a higher average (2.0, SD = 3.9) than men (1.8, SD = 4.0; p=<0.001). The DLQI score differed among age-groups with younger people having relatively higher DLQI averages. When the multivariate linear regression model was applied, it showed that young age, lower income and unemployment status were associated with higher DLQI scores, while controlling for the existence of skin disease (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study esthablished DLQI population norms among the general population, which may provide a reference point in health-policy and financing decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Beretzky
- Department of Health Economics, Corvinus University of Budapest, Fővám tér 8, H-1093, Budapest, Hungary
| | - F Rencz
- Department of Health Economics, Corvinus University of Budapest, Fővám tér 8, H-1093, Budapest, Hungary
| | - V Brodszky
- Department of Health Economics, Corvinus University of Budapest, Fővám tér 8, H-1093, Budapest, Hungary
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