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Gu Y, Tang X, Xie L, Meng G, Ji Y. Aliskiren improves endothelium-dependent relaxation of thoracic aorta by activating PI3K/Akt/eNOS signal pathway in SHR. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 43:450-8. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Liping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Guoliang Meng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; Nantong China
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
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Chang TT, Wu TC, Huang PH, Lin CP, Chen JS, Lin LY, Lin SJ, Chen JW. Direct Renin Inhibition with Aliskiren Improves Ischemia-Induced Neovasculogenesis in Diabetic Animals via the SDF-1 Related Mechanism. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136627. [PMID: 26305217 PMCID: PMC4549314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Aliskiren is a direct renin inhibitor which is suggested to modify proangiogenic cells in addition to lower blood pressure. Given that angiogenesis is impaired in the presence of diabetes mellitus, we would like to investigate whether and how aliskiren enhances endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and improves ischemic-induced neovasculogenesis by an effect independent of blood pressure reduction in diabetic animals. Methods Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were administered with either aliskiren (5 or 25 mg/kg/day) using an osmotic pump or hydralazine (2 or 10 mg/kg/day) given in drinking water for two weeks prior to a hind-limb ischemia surgery. Laser Doppler imaging and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the degree of neovasculogenesis and the circulating levels of EPCs, respectively. Results In streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, aliskiren enhanced the recovery of limb perfusion and capillary density, increased the number of circulating Sca-1+/Flk-1+ EPC-like cells, and elevated the levels of the plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α in a dose-dependent manner, whereas there were no such effects in hydralazine-treated mice. Intraperitoneal administration of anti-SDF-1 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies abolished the effects of aliskiren. Conclusions Independent of the reduction of blood pressure, aliskiren enhanced ischemia-induced neovasculogenesis in a dose-dependent manner via VEGF/SDF-1α related mechanisms in diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Chang
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tao-Cheng Wu
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Pei Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jia-Shiong Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Liang-Yu Lin
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shing-Jong Lin
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- * E-mail:
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Raptis AE, Markakis KP, Mazioti MC, Ikonomidis I, Maratou EP, Vlahakos DV, Kotsifaki EE, Voumvourakis AN, Tsirogianni AG, Lambadiari VA, Lekakis JP, Raptis SA, Dimitriadis GD. Effect of aliskiren on circulating endothelial progenitor cells and vascular function in patients with type 2 diabetes and essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2015; 28:22-9. [PMID: 24994608 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpu119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aliskiren on vascular function and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in patients with type 2 diabetes and essential hypertension. METHODS The study enrolled type 2 diabetic patients aged >50 years under stable glycemic control and first diagnosed mild essential hypertension. In phase A (n = 20), patients received aliskiren 150-300 mg daily for 3 months. In phase B (n = 12), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 12.5-25mg daily substituted for aliskiren for 3 more months. At baseline and at the end of each phase, we assessed (i) brachial blood pressure (BBP); (ii) central aortic systolic pressure (CSP), aortic augmentation index (Aix), and pulse wave velocity (PWV) as markers of arterial stiffness; (iii) brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) as a marker of endothelial function; (iv) left ventricular (LV) twisting and untwisting as markers of LV function and (v) EPC numbers in culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS Aliskiren similarly reduced BBP and CSP, increased FMD (P < 0.001) and EPC numbers (P < 0.001), decreased PWV and Aix (P < 0.05), and improved LV twisting and untwisting (P < 0.05). Although substitution of HCTZ sustained BBP at similar levels, CSP and echocardiographic indices nearly returned at baseline levels, and the improvement of FMD, PWV, Aix, and EPC numbers was abolished. CONCLUSIONS Aliskiren had a favorable effect on endothelial function and EPCs, reduced arterial stiffness, and improved LV twisting and untwisting. These effects were independent of BBP lowering, as they were not observed after the achievement of similar values of BBP with HCTZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios E Raptis
- 2nd Department of Medicine-Propaedeutic Clinic, Research Institute, and Diabetes Centre, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos P Markakis
- 2nd Department of Medicine-Propaedeutic Clinic, Research Institute, and Diabetes Centre, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria C Mazioti
- 2nd Department of Medicine-Propaedeutic Clinic, Research Institute, and Diabetes Centre, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Ignantios Ikonomidis
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini P Maratou
- Hellenic National Center for Research, Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios V Vlahakos
- 2nd Department of Medicine-Propaedeutic Clinic, Research Institute, and Diabetes Centre, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni E Kotsifaki
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Asterios N Voumvourakis
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Vaia A Lambadiari
- 2nd Department of Medicine-Propaedeutic Clinic, Research Institute, and Diabetes Centre, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - John P Lekakis
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios A Raptis
- 2nd Department of Medicine-Propaedeutic Clinic, Research Institute, and Diabetes Centre, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece Hellenic National Center for Research, Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications, Athens, Greece
| | - George D Dimitriadis
- 2nd Department of Medicine-Propaedeutic Clinic, Research Institute, and Diabetes Centre, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece
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Matsuzawa Y, Guddeti RR, Kwon TG, Lerman LO, Lerman A. Treating coronary disease and the impact of endothelial dysfunction. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 57:431-42. [PMID: 25459974 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Many clinical trials have suggested that lifestyle and pharmacologic interventions are effective in attenuating atherosclerotic disease progression and events development. However, an individualized approach with careful consideration to comprehensive vascular health is necessary to perform successful intervention strategies. Endothelial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the early stage of atherosclerosis and is also associated with plaque progression and occurrence of atherosclerotic complications. The assessment of endothelial function provides us with important information about individual patient risk, progress and vulnerability of disease, and guidance of therapy. Thus, the application of endothelial function assessment might enable clinicians to innovate ideal individualized medicine. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the impact of pharmacological therapies for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease on endothelial dysfunction, and argue for the utility of non-invasive assessment of endothelial function aiming at individualized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Matsuzawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Taek-Geun Kwon
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Bonadei I, Vizzardi E, D'Aloia A, Sciatti E, Raddino R, Metra M. Role of aliskiren on arterial stiffness and endothelial function in patients with primary hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2014; 16:202-6. [PMID: 24708382 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are important determinants of cardiovascular events in patients with arterial hypertension. There are few data regarding the role of aliskiren on the central hemodynamics and endothelial function in patients with uncontrolled arterial hypertension. The aim of this study was to assess the addition of aliskiren to other antihypertensive drug treatment for arterial stiffness and endothelial function. Thirty uncontrolled hypertensive patients (mean age, 60.4±12.2 years), without any other cardiovascular risk factors, were enrolled. Augmentation index (AIx) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) by applanation tonometry and reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry (RH PAT) index using peripheral arterious tonometry at baseline and after 6 months of aliskiren titrated to 300 mg once a day was evaluated. The addition of aliskiren had no effect on values of central AIx (33.26±10.74% vs 28.86±10.74%; P=.36) but did significantly improve values of cfPWV (9.36±2.65 m/s vs 8.72±2.48 m/s; P=.04) and RH PAT index (1.64±0.57 vs 1.75±0.45; P=.05). In addition to improving systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the addition of aliskiren to concomitant antihypertensive drugs in uncontrolled hypertensive patients may be effective in improving aortic stiffness and endothelial function. These results encourage further studies to evaluate the use of aliskiren for cardiovascular prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivano Bonadei
- Department of Medical and Surgical, Radiological Sciences and Public Health Specialties, University of Study of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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