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Romanov SA, Efimov АV, Aladova ЕЕ, Suslova КG, Kuznetsova IS, Sokolova АВ, Khokhryakov VV, Sypko SA, Ishunina MV, Khokhryakov VF. Plutonium production and particles incorporation into the human body. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2020; 211:106073. [PMID: 31605814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plutonium is one of the most toxic radioactive substances known. The isotope 239Pu gained attention when it had become known as a potential explosive material for atomic bombs. This paper describes the main problems encountered during the early years of operation of the first plutonium production plant in the former Soviet Union, the Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA). Mayak PA caused severe radioactive contamination of the environment and exposure personnel and population living in the vicinity areas to high radiation doses. The authors focus on key findings of large-scale studies on the internal dosimetry of workers for use in assessment of radiological risks from exposure to plutonium. This work presents an overview of the important issues for inhalation dose assessments such as generation of plutonium particles, plutonium intake, dissolution of plutonium particles, distribution of plutonium in humans, related exposures and health effects. Understanding the relationship between health effects, radiation dose and route of exposure helps quantify the health risks associated with occupational exposure in the nuclear industry and validate the radiation protection standards used in the Russian Federation and worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Romanov
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia, Chelyabinsk Region, Ozyorsk Road, 19, Ozyorsk, 456780, Russia
| | - А V Efimov
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia, Chelyabinsk Region, Ozyorsk Road, 19, Ozyorsk, 456780, Russia
| | - Е Е Aladova
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia, Chelyabinsk Region, Ozyorsk Road, 19, Ozyorsk, 456780, Russia.
| | - К G Suslova
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia, Chelyabinsk Region, Ozyorsk Road, 19, Ozyorsk, 456780, Russia
| | - I S Kuznetsova
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia, Chelyabinsk Region, Ozyorsk Road, 19, Ozyorsk, 456780, Russia
| | - А В Sokolova
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia, Chelyabinsk Region, Ozyorsk Road, 19, Ozyorsk, 456780, Russia
| | - V V Khokhryakov
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia, Chelyabinsk Region, Ozyorsk Road, 19, Ozyorsk, 456780, Russia
| | - S A Sypko
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia, Chelyabinsk Region, Ozyorsk Road, 19, Ozyorsk, 456780, Russia
| | - M V Ishunina
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia, Chelyabinsk Region, Ozyorsk Road, 19, Ozyorsk, 456780, Russia
| | - V F Khokhryakov
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Federal Medical Biology Agency of Russia, Chelyabinsk Region, Ozyorsk Road, 19, Ozyorsk, 456780, Russia
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Vidaud C, Bourgeois D, Meyer D. Bone as Target Organ for Metals: The Case of f-Elements. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:1161-75. [DOI: 10.1021/tx300064m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claude Vidaud
- CEA, IBEB, LEPC, BP 17171, F-30207
Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Damien Bourgeois
- ICSM, UMR 5257/CEA/CNRS/UM2/ENSCM,
BP17171, F-30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Daniel Meyer
- ICSM, UMR 5257/CEA/CNRS/UM2/ENSCM,
BP17171, F-30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
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