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Wang L, Zhang J, Lu L, Ren J, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Shen W, Hu X, Fang S, Lu X, Wang G, Yang L. A Novel Splicing Mutation Leading to Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome from a Family. Int J Genomics 2024; 2024:2277956. [PMID: 38410787 PMCID: PMC10896648 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2277956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked recessive genetic disease characterized by clinical symptoms such as eczema, thrombocytopenia with small platelets, immune deficiency, prone to autoimmune diseases, and malignant tumors. This disease is caused by mutations of the WAS gene encoding WASprotein (WASP). The locus and type of mutations of the WAS gene and the expression quantity of WASP were strongly correlated with the clinical manifestations of patients. We found a novel mutation in the WAS gene (c.931 + 5G > C), which affected splicing to produce three abnormal mRNA, resulting in an abnormally truncated WASP. This mutation led to a reduction but not the elimination of the normal WASP population, resulting in causes X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT) with mild clinical manifestations. Our findings revealed the pathogenic mechanism of this mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 030607
| | - Jie Zhang
- First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 03001
| | - Linna Lu
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 03001
| | - Juan Ren
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 03001
| | - Yaofang Zhang
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 03001
| | - Lidong Zhao
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 03001
| | - Wukang Shen
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 03001
| | - Xucheng Hu
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 03001
| | - Shuai Fang
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 03001
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 03001
| | - Gang Wang
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 03001
| | - Linhua Yang
- Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China 03001
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Tang X, Liu G, Lin L, Xiao N, Chen Y. The recurrent WASF1 nonsense variant identified in two unaffected Chinese families with neurodevelopmental disorder: case report and review of the literatures. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:203. [PMID: 37641121 PMCID: PMC10464119 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01630-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental disorder with absent language and variable seizures (NEDALVS, # 618707) are characterized by delayed speech and motor development, ocular abnormalities, and seizures. NEDAVLS is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by de novo mutations in the wasp protein family member 1 (WASF1) gene. CASE PRESENTATION We identified a de novo nonsense variant c.1516 C > T (p.Arg506*) of WASF1 gene (NM_003931.3) in two pediatric female patients with delayed motor and language development. CONCLUSION This case demonstrates the effective role of WES in the diagnosis of NEDALVS. To the best of our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in the Chinese population. This contributes to our further understanding of the disease and to research related to the genetic and clinical heterogeneity, the treatment and prognosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Nong Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yuxia Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China.
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, P.R. China.
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Chongqing, P.R. China.
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Okada M, Nagasawa M, Oshiba A, Kawaguchi H. Membranous nephropathy in a female patient with X-linked thrombocytopenia. Pediatr Nephrol 2022:10.1007/s00467-022-05833-6. [PMID: 36451038 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05833-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked immunodeficiency characterized by thrombocytopenia and eczema and is caused by a mutation in the WAS gene. WAS has heterogeneous clinical manifestations, and its clinically milder form is called X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT). Patients with WAS/XLT sometimes have kidney complications, the most common of which is immunoglobulin (Ig)A nephropathy associated with aberrant glycosylation of IgA. CASE DIAGNOSIS/TREATMENT The patient was a 6-year-old girl who was diagnosed with female XLT at the age of 4 years; she presented with microscopic hematuria and proteinuria at a school urinalysis. Her father had thrombocytopenia and IgA nephropathy while in his 20 s. The patient and her father had the same WAS gene mutations. A kidney biopsy was performed, and no abnormal findings were observed by light microscopy. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed a granular pattern of IgG staining along the capillary wall. Electron microscopy revealed small electron-dense deposits in subepithelial lesions. Consequently, we diagnosed her with membranous nephropathy (MN). Tissue PLA2R and THSD7A were negative, and she was judged unlikely to have secondary MN on the basis of blood test findings and IgG staining. We started the administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and her proteinuria gradually decreased. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first report of MN in a female WAS/XLT patient. WAS protein expression defects affect all immune system cells; however, the mechanisms underlying the occurrence of autoimmunity are not completely understood. In WAS/XLT patients, MN may develop as a result of increased autoantibody production, similar to other types of immunodeficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Okada
- Department of Pediatrics, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, 1-26-1 Kyonan-Cho, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Nagasawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, 1-26-1 Kyonan-Cho, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Oshiba
- Department of Pediatrics, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, 1-26-1 Kyonan-Cho, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawaguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Defense Medical College Hospital, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
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