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Abdul-Rahman T, Roy P, Herrera-Calderón RE, Khidri FF, Omotesho QA, Rumide TS, Fatima M, Roy S, Wireko AA, Atallah O, Roy S, Amekpor F, Ghosh S, Agyigra IA, Horbas V, Teslyk T, Bumeister V, Papadakis M, Alexiou A. Extracellular vesicle-mediated drug delivery in breast cancer theranostics. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:181. [PMID: 38780753 PMCID: PMC11116322 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) continues to be a significant global challenge due to drug resistance and severe side effects. The increasing prevalence is alarming, requiring new therapeutic approaches to address these challenges. At this point, Extracellular vesicles (EVs), specifically small endosome-released nanometer-sized EVs (SEVs) or exosomes, have been explored by literature as potential theranostics. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the therapeutic potential of exosomes in BC, focusing on their advantages in drug delivery and their ability to mitigate metastasis. Following the review, we identified exosomes' potential in combination therapies, serving as miRNA carriers and contributing to improved anti-tumor effects. This is evident in clinical trials investigating exosomes in BC, which have shown their ability to boost chemotherapy efficacy by delivering drugs like paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX). However, the translation of EVs into BC therapy is hindered by various challenges. These challenges include the heterogeneity of EVs, the selection of the appropriate parent cell, the loading procedures, and determining the optimal administration routes. Despite the promising therapeutic potential of EVs, these obstacles must be addressed to realize their benefits in BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Poulami Roy
- Department of Medicine, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, India
| | - Ranferi Eduardo Herrera-Calderón
- Center for Research in Health Sciences (CICSA), Faculty of Medicine, Anahuac University North Campus, 52786, Huixquilucan, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Sakshi Roy
- School of Medicine, Queens University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | - Oday Atallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Subham Roy
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Felix Amekpor
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Shankhaneel Ghosh
- Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, University of Witten-Herdecke, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India.
- Department of Research and Development, Funogen, 11741, Athens, Greece.
- Department of Research and Development, AFNP Med, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia.
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2
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Karaman I, Pathak A, Bayik D, Watson DC. Harnessing Bacterial Extracellular Vesicle Immune Effects for Cancer Therapy. Pathog Immun 2024; 9:56-90. [PMID: 38690563 PMCID: PMC11060327 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v9i1.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
There are a growing number of studies linking the composition of the human microbiome to disease states and treatment responses, especially in the context of cancer. This has raised significant interest in developing microbes and microbial products as cancer immunotherapeutics that mimic or recapitulate the beneficial effects of host-microbe interactions. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are nano-sized, membrane-bound particles secreted by essentially all bacteria species and contain a diverse bioactive cargo of the producing cell. They have a fundamental role in facilitating interactions among cells of the same species, different microbial species, and even with multicellular host organisms in the context of colonization (microbiome) and infection. The interaction of bEVs with the immune system has been studied extensively in the context of infection and suggests that bEV effects depend largely on the producing species. They thus provide functional diversity, while also being nonreplicative, having inherent cell-targeting qualities, and potentially overcoming natural barriers. These characteristics make them highly appealing for development as cancer immunotherapeutics. Both natively secreted and engineered bEVs are now being investigated for their application as immunotherapeutics, vaccines, drug delivery vehicles, and combinations of the above, with promising early results. This suggests that both the intrinsic immunomodulatory properties of bEVs and their ability to be modified could be harnessed for the development of next-generation microbe-inspired therapies. Nonetheless, there remain major outstanding questions regarding how the observed preclinical effectiveness will translate from murine models to primates, and humans in particular. Moreover, research into the pharmacology, toxicology, and mass manufacturing of this potential novel therapeutic platform is still at early stages. In this review, we highlight the breadth of bEV interactions with host cells, focusing on immunologic effects as the main mechanism of action of bEVs currently in preclinical development. We review the literature on ongoing efforts to develop natively secreted and engineered bEVs from a variety of bacterial species for cancer therapy and finally discuss efforts to overcome outstanding challenges that remain for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Karaman
- Bahcesehir University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asmita Pathak
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Defne Bayik
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Dionysios C. Watson
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida
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3
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Hyun M, Lee JY, Lim KR, Kim HA. Clinical Characteristics of Uncomplicated Acute Pyelonephritis Caused by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Dis Ther 2024; 13:581-595. [PMID: 38460083 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-024-00940-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study compared the clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis (APN) caused by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with uncomplicated APNs caused by E. coli and K. pneumoniae admitted to Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital between February 2014 and December 2021. RESULTS We enrolled 497 patients (372 with E. coli infection, 125 with K. pneumoniae infection). Male, healthcare-associated infection, solid tumors, liver cirrhosis, chronic renal disease, solid organ transplantation, and antibiotic usage within the last 3 months were more strongly associated with K. pneumoniae uncomplicated APNs than with E. coli. Bacteremia and fever occurred more frequently in E. coli uncomplicated APNs. Antimicrobial resistance rates to piperacillin/tazobactam and carbapenem were higher in K. pneumoniae. Antimicrobial resistance rates to aztreonam and ciprofloxacin were lower in K. pneumoniae. Thirty-day mortality was more observed in K. pneumoniae group in univariate analysis, but this difference was not observed after adjustment. Male sex, ultimately fatal disease in McCabe, and prior antibiotic use within 3 months were more associated with K. pneumoniae. CONCLUSIONS Male, underlying diseases, and prior antibiotic use was more associated with K. pneumoniae. Further study will be needed that microbiome of each situation and the related with the distribution of the strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Hyun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, School of Medicine & Institute for Medical Science, Keimyung University, Keimyung University, 1035 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseogu, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, School of Medicine & Institute for Medical Science, Keimyung University, Keimyung University, 1035 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseogu, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Kyong Ree Lim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdonggu, Seoul, 05278, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, School of Medicine & Institute for Medical Science, Keimyung University, Keimyung University, 1035 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseogu, Daegu, 42601, South Korea.
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4
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Wu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Huang Y, Lu X, Shang L, Zhou Z, Chen X, Li S, Cheng S, Song Y. The tremendous clinical potential of the microbiota in the treatment of breast cancer: the next frontier. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:12513-12534. [PMID: 37382675 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Although significant advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer (BC) in recent years, BC remains the most common cancer in women and one of the main causes of death among women worldwide. Currently, more than half of BC patients have no known risk factors, emphasizing the significance of identifying more tumor-related factors. Therefore, we urgently need to find new therapeutic strategies to improve prognosis. Increasing evidence demonstrates that the microbiota is present in a wider range of cancers beyond colorectal cancer. BC and breast tissues also have different types of microbiotas that play a key role in carcinogenesis and in modulating the efficacy of anticancer treatment, for instance, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. In recent years, studies have confirmed that the microbiota can be an important factor directly and/or indirectly affecting the occurrence, metastasis and treatment of BC by regulating different biological processes, such as estrogen metabolism, DNA damage, and bacterial metabolite production. Here, we review the different microbiota-focused studies associated with BC and explore the mechanisms of action of the microbiota in BC initiation and metastasis and its application in various therapeutic strategies. We found that the microbiota has vital clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment of BC and could be used as a biomarker for prognosis prediction. Therefore, modulation of the gut microbiota and its metabolites might be a potential target for prevention or therapy in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanxi Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiangshi Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lingmin Shang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhaoyue Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaolu Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shuhui Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shaoqiang Cheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Yanni Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.
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5
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An J, Kwon H, Kim YJ. The Role of Blood Microbiome in the Development of Thyroid Cancer in Breast Cancer Survivors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4492. [PMID: 37760462 PMCID: PMC10526815 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with breast cancer are likely to be diagnosed with thyroid cancer as a second primary cancer. Similarly, patients with thyroid cancer are likely to develop breast cancer. In this study, we found an association between these two types of cancers in the microbiomes of patients with breast cancer. Blood samples were collected from 96 patients with breast cancer, their bacterial extracellular vesicles were isolated, and their microbiomes were analyzed. After microbiome analysis, researchers performed thyroid function tests, estrogen levels, and thyroid ultrasound results of these patients, and the relationships among these parameters were analyzed. Based on the thyroid ultrasonography results, differences in the microbiome were confirmed in the normal, cyst, nodule, and thyroid lobectomy groups. We investigated the microbiome differences between normal thyroid and thyroid cancer. In particular, the abundance of the genus Bacillus is related to estrogen levels, which could affect thyroid abnormalities and increase thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. This study explains the causes of thyroid cancer in patients with breast cancer using microbiomes and serological tests for thyroid hormones and estrogen. These can be used as basic data for preventing thyroid cancer in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshin An
- Institute of Convergence Medicine Research, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
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Ujlaki G, Kovács T, Vida A, Kókai E, Rauch B, Schwarcz S, Mikó E, Janka E, Sipos A, Hegedűs C, Uray K, Nagy P, Bai P. Identification of Bacterial Metabolites Modulating Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Molecules 2023; 28:5898. [PMID: 37570868 PMCID: PMC10420980 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer patients are characterized by the oncobiotic transformation of multiple microbiome communities, including the gut microbiome. Oncobiotic transformation of the gut microbiome impairs the production of antineoplastic bacterial metabolites. The goal of this study was to identify bacterial metabolites with antineoplastic properties. We constructed a 30-member bacterial metabolite library and screened the library compounds for effects on cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The metabolites were applied to 4T1 murine breast cancer cells in concentrations corresponding to the reference serum concentrations. However, yric acid, glycolic acid, d-mannitol, 2,3-butanediol, and trans-ferulic acid exerted cytostatic effects, and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and vanillic acid exerted hyperproliferative effects. Furthermore, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2,3-butanediol, and hydrocinnamic acid inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) transition. We identified redox sets among the metabolites (d-mannitol-d-mannose, 1-butanol-butyric acid, ethylene glycol-glycolic acid-oxalic acid), wherein only one partner within the set (d-mannitol, butyric acid, glycolic acid) possessed bioactivity in our system, suggesting that changes to the local redox potential may affect the bacterial secretome. Of the nine bioactive metabolites, 2,3-butanediol was the only compound with both cytostatic and anti-EMT properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyula Ujlaki
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (T.K.); (A.V.); (E.K.); (B.R.); (S.S.); (E.M.); (A.S.); (C.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Tünde Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (T.K.); (A.V.); (E.K.); (B.R.); (S.S.); (E.M.); (A.S.); (C.H.); (K.U.)
| | - András Vida
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (T.K.); (A.V.); (E.K.); (B.R.); (S.S.); (E.M.); (A.S.); (C.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Endre Kókai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (T.K.); (A.V.); (E.K.); (B.R.); (S.S.); (E.M.); (A.S.); (C.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Boglára Rauch
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (T.K.); (A.V.); (E.K.); (B.R.); (S.S.); (E.M.); (A.S.); (C.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Szandra Schwarcz
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (T.K.); (A.V.); (E.K.); (B.R.); (S.S.); (E.M.); (A.S.); (C.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Edit Mikó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (T.K.); (A.V.); (E.K.); (B.R.); (S.S.); (E.M.); (A.S.); (C.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Eszter Janka
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Adrienn Sipos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (T.K.); (A.V.); (E.K.); (B.R.); (S.S.); (E.M.); (A.S.); (C.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Csaba Hegedűs
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (T.K.); (A.V.); (E.K.); (B.R.); (S.S.); (E.M.); (A.S.); (C.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Karen Uray
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (T.K.); (A.V.); (E.K.); (B.R.); (S.S.); (E.M.); (A.S.); (C.H.); (K.U.)
| | - Péter Nagy
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Peter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (T.K.); (A.V.); (E.K.); (B.R.); (S.S.); (E.M.); (A.S.); (C.H.); (K.U.)
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group ELKH, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Zhang X, Wang C, Yu J, Bu J, Ai F, Wang Y, Lin J, Zhu X. Extracellular vesicles in the treatment and diagnosis of breast cancer: a status update. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1202493. [PMID: 37534210 PMCID: PMC10393036 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1202493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in women. Currently, the treatment of breast cancer is limited by the lack of effectively targeted therapy and patients often suffer from higher severity, metastasis, and resistance. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) consist of lipid bilayers that encapsulate a complex cargo, including proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites. These bioactive cargoes have been found to play crucial roles in breast cancer initiation and progression. Moreover, EV cargoes play pivotal roles in converting mammary cells to carcinogenic cells and metastatic foci by extensively inducing proliferation, angiogenesis, pre-metastatic niche formation, migration, and chemoresistance. The present update review mainly discusses EVs cargoes released from breast cancer cells and tumor-derived EVs in the breast cancer microenvironment, focusing on proliferation, metastasis, chemoresistance, and their clinical potential as effective biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Huangyan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caizheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huangyan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiawen Bu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fulv Ai
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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An J, Yang J, Kwon H, Lim W, Kim YK, Moon BI. Prediction of breast cancer using blood microbiome and identification of foods for breast cancer prevention. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5110. [PMID: 36991044 PMCID: PMC10060235 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32227-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer (BC) is increasing in South Korea, and diet is closely related to the high prevalence of BC. The microbiome directly reflects eating habits. In this study, a diagnostic algorithm was developed by analyzing the microbiome patterns of BC. Blood samples were collected from 96 patients with BC and 192 healthy controls. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) were collected from each blood sample, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of bacterial EVs was performed. Microbiome analysis of patients with BC and healthy controls identified significantly higher bacterial abundances using EVs in each group and confirmed the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Using this algorithm, animal experiments were performed to determine which foods affect EV composition. Compared to BC and healthy controls, statistically significant bacterial EVs were selected from both groups, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn with a sensitivity of 96.4%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 99.6% based on the machine learning method. This algorithm is expected to be applicable to medical practice, such as in health checkup centers. In addition, the results obtained from animal experiments are expected to select and apply foods that have a positive effect on patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshin An
- Institute of Convergence Medicine Research, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Yang
- MD Healthcare, Room 1303, Woori Technology Inc. building, Sangam-dong, World Cup Buk-ro 56-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Semyung University, 65 Semyung-ro, Jecheon, Chungcheongbuk-do, 27136, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Keun Kim
- MD Healthcare, Room 1303, Woori Technology Inc. building, Sangam-dong, World Cup Buk-ro 56-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985, Republic of Korea.
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9
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An J, Kwon H, Kim YJ. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes Ratio as a Risk Factor of Breast Cancer. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062216. [PMID: 36983217 PMCID: PMC10052522 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome can reflect the health condition of the entire body. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, the major phyla of the colon, can influence diseases related to obesity which are also risk factors for breast cancer. Therefore, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio was analyzed in patients with breast cancer. Bacterial extracellular vesicles were extracted from the serum of patients with breast cancer and healthy controls. Phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were analyzed using microbiome sequencing. Prognostic factors for breast cancer and serological test results were analyzed for correlations with the F/B ratio. The F/B ratio was three times lower in patients with breast cancer than in healthy controls. In addition, the risk factor for breast cancer, such as fasting serum glucose, was found to be related to the F/B ratio. The F/B ratio can be used as a risk factor of breast cancer and as a clue to explain underlying mechanisms affecting the development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshin An
- Institute of Convergence Medicine Research, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Medical Institute and College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
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10
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Yang N, Pang J, Huang Z, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Sun D. Enantioselective toxicity effect and mechanism of hexaconazole enantiomers to human breast cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 173:113612. [PMID: 36681264 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity effects of chiral pesticides on living organisms have attracted an increasing public attention. This study aims to investigate the toxicity effect and mechanism of hexaconazole (HEX) to human breast cancer cell (MCF-7) at enantiomer levels. HEX exposure obviously inhibited cells activities in a dose-dependent manner. Under the conditions of VIP >1 and p < 0.05, a total of 255 and 177 differential metabolites (DMs), 17 and 15 amino acid- and lipid-related metabolic pathways were disturbed after (+)-HEX and (-)-HEX exposure, respectively. HEX exposure may affect cell membrane function, signal transduction, and cell differentiation. We further investigated the mechanism of enantioselective differences by using molecular docking which showed that CYP17A1 was the main enzyme that leading to endocrine disrupting effects with the binding energy of -6.30 and -6.08 kcal/mol compared to CYP19A1 enzyme which were -5.81 and -5.93 kcal/mol for (+)-HEX and (-)-HEX, respectively. The docking results explained the reasons why (+)-HEX achieved higher cytotoxicity and induced more seriously metabolic profiles than its antipode. These findings could provide a new insight to understand the enantioselective cytotoxicity effect and mechanism of HEX and will be conducive to assessing its risk to human health at enantiomer levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- School of Public Health/the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Junxiao Pang
- Key Laboratory of Critical Technology for Degradation of Pesticide Residues in Agro-products in Guizhou Ecological Environment, Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, 550005, China
| | - Zhoubing Huang
- School of Public Health/the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qinghai Zhang
- School of Public Health/the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zelan Wang
- School of Public Health/the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Dali Sun
- School of Public Health/the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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11
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Analysis of the Impact of the Presence of Phylum Cyanobacteria in the Microbiome of Patients with Breast Cancer on Their Prognosis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247272. [PMID: 36555890 PMCID: PMC9787457 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms caused by Cyanobacteria adversely affect the health of the people living in their vicinity. We elucidated the effect of Cyanobacteria in patients with breast cancer. The serum microbiome of the patients with breast cancer was analyzed using NGS. Serologic tests were performed to analyze the association between the factors affecting the liver function of patients with breast cancer and the amount of Cyanobacteria. In addition, the recurrent-free survival of patients with breast cancer according to the abundance of Cyanobacteria was analyzed. The abundance of Cyanobacteria tended to be correlated with the serological results related to liver function. A high abundance of Cyanobacteria seemed to be more related to late-stage breast cancer. A high recurrent-free survival was related to a low abundance of Cyanobacteria. Even though no toxicity study was conducted, this study demonstrates the impact of phylum Cyanobacteria on the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Thus, the abundance of Cyanobacteria in the microbiome can help predict the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.
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12
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Hosseini-Giv N, Basas A, Hicks C, El-Omar E, El-Assaad F, Hosseini-Beheshti E. Bacterial extracellular vesicles and their novel therapeutic applications in health and cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:962216. [PMID: 36439225 PMCID: PMC9691856 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.962216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cells communicate with host cells and other bacteria through the release of membrane vesicles known as bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEV). BEV are established mediators of intracellular signaling, stress tolerance, horizontal gene transfer, immune stimulation and pathogenicity. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria produce extracellular vesicles through different mechanisms based on cell structure. BEV contain and transfer different types of cargo such as nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, which are used to interact with and affect host cells such as cytotoxicity and immunomodulation. The role of these membranous microvesicles in host communication, intra- and inter-species cell interaction and signaling, and contribution to various diseases have been well demonstrated. Due to their structure, these vesicles can be easily engineered to be utilized for clinical application, as shown with its role in vaccine therapy, and could be used as a diagnostic and cancer drug delivery tool in the future. However, like other novel therapeutic approaches, further investigation and standardization is imperative for BEV to become a routine vector or a conventional treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Hosseini-Giv
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alyza Basas
- UNSW Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chloe Hicks
- UNSW Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emad El-Omar
- UNSW Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fatima El-Assaad
- UNSW Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elham Hosseini-Beheshti
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- The Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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13
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Wu H, Ganguly S, Tollefsbol TO. Modulating Microbiota as a New Strategy for Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091727. [PMID: 36144329 PMCID: PMC9503838 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women in the United States. There has been an increasing incidence and decreasing mortality rate of BC cases over the past several decades. Many risk factors are associated with BC, such as diet, aging, personal and family history, obesity, and some environmental factors. Recent studies have shown that healthy individuals and BC patients have different microbiota composition, indicating that microbiome is a new risk factor for BC. Gut and breast microbiota alterations are associated with BC prognosis. This review will evaluate altered microbiota populations in gut, breast tissue, and milk of BC patients, as well as mechanisms of interactions between microbiota modulation and BC. Probiotics and prebiotics are commercially available dietary supplements to alleviate side-effects of cancer therapies. They also shape the population of human gut microbiome. This review evaluates novel means of modulating microbiota by nutritional treatment with probiotics and prebiotics as emerging and promising strategies for prevention and treatment of BC. The mechanistic role of probiotic and prebiotics partially depend on alterations in estrogen metabolism, systematic immune regulation, and epigenetics regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sebanti Ganguly
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Trygve O. Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Integrative Center for Aging Research, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1802 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1675 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1825 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- University Wide Microbiome Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 845 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-205-934-4573; Fax: +1-205-975-6097
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14
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An J, Kwon H, Lim W, Moon BI. Staphylococcus aureus-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Enhance the Efficacy of Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer Cells. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11072030. [PMID: 35407638 PMCID: PMC9000115 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11072030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiome involved in the human estrogen metabolism is known as the estrobolome. This study aimed to show that the estrobolome can be used in breast cancer treatment. We first analyzed the blood microbiome composition of healthy controls and patients with breast cancer. In particular, we investigated the bacteria producing β-glucuronidase and/or β-galactosidase, which are involved in estrogen metabolism in the human body. Staphylococcus species were more abundant in healthy controls than in breast cancer patients and therefore were selected for further analyses. The effect of Staphylococcus aureus on endocrine therapy was analyzed by a combination treatment with tamoxifen. Analysis of the microbiome of blood samples showed that species producing β-glucuronidase were more abundant in breast cancer patients than in healthy controls. Further experiments confirmed that the efficacy of tamoxifen increased when administered in conjugation with the extracellular vesicles (EVs) of S. aureus. Based on our results, we deduced that S. aureus EVs could potentially be used as adjuvants for breast cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongshin An
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.A.); (H.K.); (W.L.)
- Institute of Convergence Medicine Research, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea
| | - Hyungju Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.A.); (H.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.A.); (H.K.); (W.L.)
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea; (J.A.); (H.K.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2650-5584; Fax: +82-2-2644-7984
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15
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Yang J, Shin TS, Kim JS, Jee YK, Kim YK. A new horizon of precision medicine: combination of the microbiome and extracellular vesicles. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:466-482. [PMID: 35459887 PMCID: PMC9028892 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00748-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Over several decades, the disease pattern of intractable disease has changed from acute infection to chronic disease accompanied by immune and metabolic dysfunction. In addition, scientific evidence has shown that humans are holobionts; of the DNA in humans, 1% is derived from the human genome, and 99% is derived from microbial genomes (the microbiome). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-delimited nanoparticles and key messengers in cell-to-cell communication. Many publications indicate that microbial EVs are both positively and negatively involved in the pathogenesis of various intractable diseases, including inflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers. Microbial EVs in feces, blood, and urine show significant differences in their profiles between patients with a particular disease and healthy subjects, demonstrating the potential of microbial EVs as biomarkers for disease diagnosis, especially for assessing disease risk. Furthermore, microbial EV therapy offers a variety of advantages over live biotherapeutics and human cell EV (or exosome) therapy for the treatment of intractable diseases. In summary, microbial EVs are a new tool in medicine, and microbial EV technology might provide us with innovative diagnostic and therapeutic solutions in precision medicine. The tiny membrane-bound vesicles containing various biomolecules that the organisms comprising our microbiome release could offer a powerful tool for precision medicine. Our bodies are home to trillions of microbes, which interact closely with our tissues to maintain a healthy physiological environment. Yoon-Keun Kim of the Institute of MD Healthcare, Seoul, South Korea, and colleagues have reviewed current research into the extracellular vesicles that these microbes use to communicate with other microbes and their human hosts. The authors note that these vesicles affect tissues throughout the body, and their activities have been linked to various disorders including asthma, Crohn’s disease and cancer. A deeper understanding of how these vesicles prevent or accelerate various conditions in different individuals could yield useful new diagnostic biomarkers and provide the foundation for interventions that are optimized for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Yang
- Institute of MD Healthcare Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Seop Shin
- Institute of MD Healthcare Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seong Kim
- Institute of MD Healthcare Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Koo Jee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Keun Kim
- Institute of MD Healthcare Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Kovács T, Mikó E, Ujlaki G, Yousef H, Csontos V, Uray K, Bai P. The involvement of oncobiosis and bacterial metabolite signaling in metastasis formation in breast cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:1223-1249. [PMID: 34967927 PMCID: PMC8825384 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10013-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer, the most frequent cancer in women, is characterized by pathological changes to the microbiome of breast tissue, the tumor, the gut, and the urinary tract. Changes to the microbiome are determined by the stage, grade, origin (NST/lobular), and receptor status of the tumor. This year is the 50th anniversary of when Hill and colleagues first showed that changes to the gut microbiome can support breast cancer growth, namely that the oncobiome can reactivate excreted estrogens. The currently available human and murine data suggest that oncobiosis is not a cause of breast cancer, but can support its growth. Furthermore, preexisting dysbiosis and the predisposition to cancer are transplantable. The breast’s and breast cancer’s inherent microbiome and the gut microbiome promote breast cancer growth by reactivating estrogens, rearranging cancer cell metabolism, bringing about a more inflammatory microenvironment, and reducing the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Furthermore, the gut microbiome can produce cytostatic metabolites, the production of which decreases or blunts breast cancer. The role of oncobiosis in the urinary tract is largely uncharted. Oncobiosis in breast cancer supports invasion, metastasis, and recurrence by supporting cellular movement, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell function, and diapedesis. Finally, the oncobiome can modify the pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic drugs. The microbiome provides novel leverage on breast cancer that should be exploited for better management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tünde Kovács
- Department Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Edit Mikó
- Department Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Gyula Ujlaki
- Department Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Heba Yousef
- Department Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Viktória Csontos
- Department Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Karen Uray
- Department Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Peter Bai
- Department Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
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