Influence of Family History on Children With Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Anxiety and Depression in Children with Irritable Bowel Syndrome-A Narrative Review

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders diagnosed in children. It has a complex pathophysiology with several potential risk factors, including psychological disorders like anxiety and depression. This paper aimed to find genetic, pathophysiological, and clinical links between psychological factors (mainly anxiety and depression) and IBS in children. Impairment of the gut-brain communication and signalling of serotonin is responsible for both gastrointestinal and psychological disorders. Childhood psychological events seem to be linked to gastrointestinal symptoms not only in childhood but also in adulthood. Evidence of the efficacy of therapies targeting psychological disorders (antidepressant, hypnotherapy, and cognitive behavioural therapy) in children with IBS was evaluated. Further studies that use updated criteria for IBS and uniform questionnaires and outcome measures are needed to draw reliable conclusions regarding the connection between psychological factors and IBS.

[Familial aggregation in Irritable Colon Syndrome in Mexican patients. A case-control study]

OBJECTIVE

To determine a family aggregation pattern of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).

DESIGN

it is a case-control study with a 1.2 ratio.

SETTING

External consultation of a general family medicine practice.

PARTICIPANTS

men and women from 18 to 60 years old. Cases (40): people with IBS according to the Rome IV criteria, and Controls (80): relatives without gastrointestinal disease.

MAIN MEASUREMENTS

Sociodemographic variables, related stressful events, predominant evacuation patterns, and family repetition patterns for IBS. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi-square for categorical data (< p.05 as significant) estimate of ORs with 95% confidence interval. The institutional ethics committee approved it.

RESULTS

The IBS presentation pattern was repeated in relatives, mainly first-degree. The risk of suffering from IBS was higher when the father reported it (OR 11.2 (95% CI; 1.2 -100.1), than the mother OR 3,7 (95% CI; 1.4 - 9.9), sibling OR 2.8 (95% CI; 1.1 - 6.6. In both groups, the relative who most frequently presented IBS was in the collateral line (sibling) (37.5% in cases vs. 17.5% in controls (p=0.023). In both groups, the predominant gender was female, with 80. 0% in cases and 57.5% in controls.

CONCLUSION

SII has a familial recurrence pattern in the Mexican population. The disease is more frequent in first-degree relatives. It is important to elucidate the importance of the role that plays genetic background vs. the influence of the family environment in SII.

What is new with irritable bowel syndrome

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

This review aims to summarize the most up-to-date criteria for diagnosis of pediatric irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and treatment options. It also explores recent research that has been performed evaluating risk factors, pathophysiology, and treatment designed to improve quality of life for those who suffer from IBS. IBS is a common disorder in pediatrics and one of the most common causes of abdominal pain for children; thus, it can be quite debilitating for individuals to achieve a satisfactory quality of life on a routine basis. Reliable, available treatment is needed but can be challenging to find, given the variety of symptoms and triggers involved and lack of a clear understanding of how IBS develops.

RECENT FINDINGS

There are multiple pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options being explored and studied globally but further, larger, and well controlled studies are needed to confirm these outcomes.

SUMMARY

Because pediatric IBS is one of the most common functional disorders associated with abdominal pain and can be brought on by multiple factors, management often involves addressing these individual triggers with a multifaceted treatment plan, which could include dietary changes, probiotics, medication, or psychotherapy and should be tailored to each affected individual.

Pharmacological interventions for pediatric irritable bowel syndrome

INTRODUCTION

Irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder in children, characterized by recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel habits in terms of both frequency and consistency. According to change in stool consistency it is categorized into 4 subtypes. From the etiological perspective, it is a combination of factors takes part in symptoms' generation, the overall treatment response rate is often unsatisfactory if a multidisciplinary is not pursued.

AREAS COVERED

The aim of this manuscript is to summarize the current pharmacotherapy in pediatric irritable bowel syndrome in order to aid clinicians in treating this challenging disorder.

EXPERT OPINION

Most evidence involving pediatric populations rely on open label or retrospective studies and/or are not specifically designed for irritable bowel syndrome but tend to generalize their results to mixed populations of children with functional gastrointestinal disorders. A high placebo response rate combined with poor patients' selection could account for the overall weak evidence supporting the use of pharmacological agents in pediatric irritable bowel syndrome. Given the multifaceted nature of the disorder, multidisciplinary approaches combining pharmacotherapy with alternative treatments is highly recommendable.