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Banerjee S, Sharma S, Thakur A, Sachdeva R, Sharma R, Nepali K, Liou JP. N-Heterocycle based Degraders (PROTACs) Manifesting Anticancer Efficacy: Recent Advances. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:1184-1208. [PMID: 37946353 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501273969231102095615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) technology has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of undruggable therapeutic targets. Researchers have invested a great effort in developing druggable PROTACs; however, the problems associated with PROTACs, including poor solubility, metabolic stability, cell permeability, and pharmacokinetic profile, restrict their clinical utility. Thus, there is a pressing need to expand the size of the armory of PROTACs which will escalate the chances of pinpointing new PROTACs with optimum pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties. N- heterocycle is a class of organic frameworks that have been widely explored to construct new and novel PROTACs. This review provides an overview of recent efforts of medicinal chemists to develop N-heterocycle-based PROTACs as effective cancer therapeutics. Specifically, the recent endeavors centred on the discovery of PROTACs have been delved into various classes based on the E3 ligase they target (MDM2, IAP, CRBN, and other E3 ligases). Mechanistic insights revealed during the biological assessment of recently furnished Nheterocyclic- based PROTACs constructed via the utilization of ligands for various E3 ligases have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suddhasatwa Banerjee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan
| | - Sachin Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan
| | - Amandeep Thakur
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan
| | - Ritika Sachdeva
- College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan
| | - Ram Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan
| | - Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110031, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Trivedi R, Man H, Madut A, Mather M, Elder E, Dhillon HM, Brand A, Howle J, Mann G, DeFazio A, Amis T, Cain SW, Phillips AJK, Kairaitis K. Irregular Sleep/Wake Patterns Are Associated With Reduced Quality of Life in Post-treatment Cancer Patients: A Study Across Three Cancer Cohorts. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:700923. [PMID: 34630009 PMCID: PMC8494030 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.700923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer patients often describe poor sleep quality and sleep disruption as contributors to poor quality of life (QoL). In a cross-sectional study of post-treatment breast, endometrial, and melanoma cancer patients, we used actigraphy to quantify sleep regularity using the sleep regularity index (SRI), and examined relationships with reported sleep symptoms and QoL. Methods: Participants were recruited post-primary treatment (35 diagnosed with breast cancer, 24 endometrial cancer, and 29 melanoma) and wore an actigraphy device for up to 2 weeks and SRI was calculated. Self-report questionnaires for cancer-related QoL [European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer EORTC (QLQ-C30)] were completed. Data were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Chi-Square tests. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to determine independent variable predictors for questionnaire-derived data. Results: Age distribution was similar between cohorts. Endometrial and breast cancer cohorts were predominantly female, as expected, and body mass index (BMI) was higher in the endometrial cancer cohort, followed by breast and melanoma. There were no differences between tumor groups in: total sleep time, sleep onset latency, bedtime, and SRI (breast 80.9 ± 8.0, endometrial 80.3 ± 12.2, and melanoma 81.4 ± 7.0) (all p > 0.05). A higher SRI was associated with both better functional and symptom scores, including increased global QoL, better physical functioning, less sleepiness and fatigue, better sleep quality, and associated with less nausea/vomiting, dyspnea, and diarrhea (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: In cancer patients post-treatment, greater sleep regularity is associated with increased global QoL, as well as better physical functioning and fewer cancer related symptoms. Improving sleep regularity may improve QoL for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Trivedi
- Ludwig Engel Centre for Respiratory Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Hong Man
- Ludwig Engel Centre for Respiratory Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Ayey Madut
- Ludwig Engel Centre for Respiratory Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Marius Mather
- Sydney Informatics Hub, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Elder
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Haryana M Dhillon
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-Based Decision-Making, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Psycho-Oncology Cooperative Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Alison Brand
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Gynecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Julie Howle
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead and Blacktown Hospitals, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Graham Mann
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna DeFazio
- Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Gynecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Sydney West Translational Cancer Research Centre, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Terence Amis
- Ludwig Engel Centre for Respiratory Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney West Translational Cancer Research Centre, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Sean W Cain
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J K Phillips
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kristina Kairaitis
- Ludwig Engel Centre for Respiratory Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney West Translational Cancer Research Centre, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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Kuo HJ, Chang NT, Tien YW, Chou YJ, Shun SC. Determinants of Quality of Life in Individuals With a Dual Diagnosis of Resectable Pancreatic Cancer and Diabetes Mellitus. Oncol Nurs Forum 2021; 48:390-402. [PMID: 34142999 DOI: 10.1188/21.onf.390-402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the associations among clinical characteristics, fatigue, diabetes mellitus (DM) self-care activities, and quality of life (QOL) in individuals with resectable pancreatic cancer and DM. SAMPLE & SETTING 57 individuals with resectable pancreatic cancer and DM from an outpatient pancreatic surgical department in Taiwan were included in the final analysis. METHODS & VARIABLES A cross-sectional, correlational design was used. QOL, fatigue, and DM self-care were measured by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QOL Questionnaire-Core 30, the Fatigue Symptom Inventory, and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities. RESULTS Participants who had a shorter duration of DM and higher levels of fatigue (including intensity, duration, and interference) reported lower QOL scores. Participants who performed more DM self-care activities and physical activity per week had higher QOL scores. Fatigue, DM self-care activities, and DM duration were significant factors related to QOL. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Shorter DM duration, increased fatigue, and fewer DM self-care activities were determinants of worse QOL in individuals with resectable pancreatic cancer and DM.
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Birling Y, Li G, Jia M, Zhu X, Sarris J, Bensoussan A, Wang J, Fahey P. Is insomnia disorder associated with time in bed extension? SLEEP SCIENCE (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL) 2021; 13:215-219. [PMID: 33564366 PMCID: PMC7856667 DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20200089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective There is a lack of evidence for extension of time in bed behaviors (i.e., getting to bed earlier, going out of bed later, staying in bed while awake and napping) as perpetuating factors of insomnia. The aim of this study is to assess if insomnia disorder is associated with extension of time in bed behaviors. Methods 150 good sleepers and 173 insomniacs were recruited between December 2017 and June 2018. A cross-sectional survey was performed using the Wang Insomnia Integrated Questionnaire. Results Bedtime, rising time and time in bed were not different between good sleepers and insomniacs (Cohen’s d, <0.01, 0.07, 0.07, respectively; all p>0.05) and were not correlated with insomnia severity (all p>0.05). Staying in bed while awake during the night and in the morning where both different between good sleepers and insomniacs (Cohen’s d, 1.33 and 0.85, respectively; all p<0.001) and were positively correlated with insomnia severity (all p<0.001). Napping was more frequent (p<0.01) among good sleepers (63.3%) than insomniacs (48.6%) and a predictor of good sleep (p<0.01). Conclusion Going to bed earlier and getting out of bed later do not seem to be associated with insomnia. Staying in bed while awake during the night and in the morning are associated with insomnia but could be only signs of insomnia symptoms. Limiting time in bed to prevent insomnia might and suppressing insomniacs’ napping behavior to treat insomnia might not be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoann Birling
- Western Sydney University, NICM Health Research Institute - Penrith - NSW - Australia.,Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Psychology and Sleep Department - Beijing - Beijing - China
| | - Guixia Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Psychology and Sleep Department - Beijing - Beijing - China
| | - Mingxian Jia
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Medicine - Beijing - Beijing - China
| | - Xiaoshu Zhu
- Western Sydney University, NICM Health Research Institute - Penrith - NSW - Australia.,Western Sydney University, School of Science and Health - Penrith - NSW - Australia
| | - Jerome Sarris
- Western Sydney University, NICM Health Research Institute - Penrith - NSW - Australia.,University of Melbourne, Professional Unit, The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry - Melbourne - VIC - Australia
| | - Alan Bensoussan
- Western Sydney University, NICM Health Research Institute - Penrith - NSW - Australia
| | - Jian Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Psychology and Sleep Department - Beijing - Beijing - China
| | - Paul Fahey
- Western Sydney University, School of Science and Health - Penrith - NSW - Australia
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