1
|
Effects of Qigong Therapy on the Anaerobic Threshold in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5690569. [PMID: 36159553 PMCID: PMC9492355 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5690569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. This study aims to identify whether Qigong (QG) rehabilitation therapy can significantly improve the cardiac function of patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) compared with routine therapy. Thus, a randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the curative effects of a three-month QG rehabilitation therapy on cardiac rehabilitation. Patients and Methods. In this trial, a total of 68 patients with SCAD were randomly divided into the QG group (34 patients) and the control (CON) group (34 patients). Patients in the CON group received routine cardiologic medication without any special intervention. Based on the treatment in the CON group, patients in the QG group were provided additionally with a 12-week traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) cardiac rehabilitation QG exercise training program. The outcomes of these patients were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention through the treadmill (anaerobic threshold (AT)) test. Results. After 12 weeks of intervention, the AT, volume of oxygen (VO2), oxygen uptake/kilogram (VO2/kg), metabolic equivalents (METS), and oxygen pulse (VO2/HR) of patients in the QG group were significantly higher than those of patients in the CON group (
). Conclusion. QG therapy can achieve certain curative effects and safety for patients with SCAD. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov identifier (ChiCTR1800015823).
Collapse
|
2
|
O'Reilly CL, Uranga S, Fluckey JD. Culprits or consequences: Understanding the metabolic dysregulation of muscle in diabetes. World J Biol Chem 2021; 12:70-86. [PMID: 34630911 PMCID: PMC8473417 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v12.i5.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to rise despite the amount of research dedicated to finding the culprits of this debilitating disease. Skeletal muscle is arguably the most important contributor to glucose disposal making it a clear target in insulin resistance and T2D research. Within skeletal muscle there is a clear link to metabolic dysregulation during the progression of T2D but the determination of culprits vs consequences of the disease has been elusive. Emerging evidence in skeletal muscle implicates influential cross talk between a key anabolic regulatory protein, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its associated complexes (mTORC1 and mTORC2), and the well-described canonical signaling for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. This new understanding of cellular signaling crosstalk has blurred the lines of what is a culprit and what is a consequence with regard to insulin resistance. Here, we briefly review the most recent understanding of insulin signaling in skeletal muscle, and how anabolic responses favoring anabolism directly impact cellular glucose disposal. This review highlights key cross-over interactions between protein and glucose regulatory pathways and the implications this may have for the design of new therapeutic targets for the control of glucoregulatory function in skeletal muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Selina Uranga
- Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, TX 77843, United States
| | - James D Fluckey
- Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, TX 77843, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mohamed A, Alawna M. Enhancing oxygenation of patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Effects on immunity and other health-related conditions. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:4939-4958. [PMID: 34307545 PMCID: PMC8283603 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i19.4939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) distresses the pulmonary system causing acute respiratory distress syndrome, which might lead to death. There is no cure for COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 is a self-limited infection, and the methods that can enhance immunity are strongly required. Enhancing oxygenation is one safe and effective intervention to enhance immunity and pulmonary functions. This review deliberates the probable influences of enhancing oxygenation on immunity and other health-connected conditions in patients with COVID-19. An extensive search was conducted through Web of Science, Scopus, Medline databases, and EBSCO for the influence of enhancing oxygenation on immunity, pulmonary functions, psycho-immune hormones, and COVID-19 risk factors. This search included clinical trials and literature and systematic reviews. This search revealed that enhancing oxygenation has a strong effect on improving immunity and pulmonary functions and psycho-immune hormones. Also, enhancing oxygenation has a self-protective role counter to COVID-19 risk factors. Lastly, this search revealed the recommended safe and effective exercise protocol to enhance oxygenation in patients with COVID-19. Enhancing oxygenation should be involved in managing patients with COVID-19 because of its significant effects on immunity, pulmonary functions, and COVID-19 risk factors. A mild to moderate cycling or walking with 60%-80% Vo2max for 20-60 min performed 2-3 times per week could be a safe and effective aerobic exercise program in patients with COVID-19 to enhance their immunity and pulmonary functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Mohamed
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul 34522, Turkey
- Department of Basic Science and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Motaz Alawna
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul 34522, Turkey
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Arab American University, Jenin 24013, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Takao N, Iwasaka J, Kurose S, Miyauchi T, Tamanoi A, Tsuyuguchi R, Fujii A, Tsutsumi H, Kimura Y. Evaluation of oxygen uptake adjusted by skeletal muscle mass in cardiovascular disease patients with type 2 diabetes. J Phys Ther Sci 2021; 33:94-99. [PMID: 33642681 PMCID: PMC7897529 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.33.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] We aimed to evaluate oxygen uptake adjusted by total skeletal muscle mass in
patients with cardiovascular disease with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus.
[Participants and Methods] The participants included 54 males ≥50 years of age without
heart failure who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing during cardiac
rehabilitation. We divided the participants into two groups: patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus (DM group) and patients without type 2 diabetes mellitus (NDM group). [Results]
We found no significant differences in age, weight, fat mass, or skeletal muscle mass
between the groups. There were also no differences in cardiac function, body composition,
and heart rate response. The DM group showed significantly lower peak oxygen uptake values
adjusted by skeletal muscle mass, despite the absence of significant differences in
skeletal muscle mass. A significant positive correlation was found between peak oxygen
uptake and age, weight, and skeletal muscle mass. Stepwise regression analysis revealed
that age, skeletal muscle mass, and medical history of diabetes were independent
predictors of absolute peak oxygen uptake. [Conclusion] Peak oxygen uptake adjusted by
skeletal muscle mass in patients with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus
is lower than that in those without type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Takao
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kansai Medical University: 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan.,Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Japan
| | - Junji Iwasaka
- Department of Medicine II, Kansai Medical University, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kurose
- Department of Health Science, Kansai Medical University, Japan
| | - Takumi Miyauchi
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kansai Medical University: 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan.,Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Japan
| | - Astuko Tamanoi
- Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Japan
| | - Ryota Tsuyuguchi
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kansai Medical University: 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan
| | - Aya Fujii
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kansai Medical University: 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan.,Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tsutsumi
- Department of Health Science, Kansai Medical University, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kimura
- Health Science Center, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Japan.,Department of Health Science, Kansai Medical University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schwaab B, Windmöller M, König IR, Schütt M. Evaluation of Aerobic Exercise Intensity in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092773. [PMID: 32867079 PMCID: PMC7565303 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Physical activity is recommended in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) to reduce hyperglycemia and cardiovascular risk. Effective aerobic exercise intensity, however, is not well defined. (2) Methods: 60 consecutive patients performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) of 30 min duration targeting a respiratory exchange ratio (RER) between 0.85 and 0.95, being strictly aerobic. Plasma glucose (PG) was measured before and after CPX as well as one and two h after exercise. Maximum exercise intensity was evaluated using a standard bicycle exercise test. (3) Results: 50 patients completed the protocol (62 ± 10 years, BMI (body mass index) 30.5 ± 4.9 kg/m2, HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin) 6.9 ± 0.8%, left ventricular ejection fraction 55 ± 8%). Aerobic exercise capacity averaged at 32 ± 21 Watt (range 4–76 Watt) representing 29.8% of the maximum exercise intensity reached. PG before and after CPX was 9.3 ± 2.2 and 7.6 ± 1.7 mmol/L, respectively (p < 0.0001). PG was further decreased significantly at one and two h after exercise to 7.5 ± 1.6 mmol/L and 6.0 ± 1.0 mmol/L, respectively (p < 0.0001 for both as compared to PG before CPX). (4) Conclusions: Aerobic exercise capacity is very low in patients with CAD and T2DM. Exercise at aerobic intensity allowed for significant reduction of plasma glucose. Individual and effective aerobic exercise prescription is possible by CPX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Schwaab
- Curschmann Klinik, Rehabilitation Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology and Diabetes, 23669 Timmendorfer Strand, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-4503-602-154; Fax: +49-4503-602-660
| | - Mirca Windmöller
- Curschmann Klinik, Rehabilitation Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology and Diabetes, 23669 Timmendorfer Strand, Germany;
| | - Inke R. König
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Morten Schütt
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology, 23552 Lübeck, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Exercise prescription in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease: could less be more? Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab 2020; 9:1-2. [PMID: 32104784 DOI: 10.1097/xce.0000000000000196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|