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Al Tannir AH, Biesboer EA, Pokrzywa C, Golestani S, Kukushliev V, Jean X, Harding E, de Moya MA, Morris R, Kugler N, Schellenberg M, Murphy PB. Open versus endovascular repair of penetrating non-aortic arterial injuries: A systematic review and meta analysis. Injury 2024; 55:111368. [PMID: 38309083 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-aortic arterial injuries are common and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Historically, open surgical repair (OSR) was the conventional method of repair. With recent advancements in minimally invasive techniques, endovascular repair (ER) has gained popularity. We sought to compare outcomes in patients undergoing endovascular and open repairs of traumatic non-aortic penetrating arterial injuries. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using MEDLINE (OVID), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus Database from January 1st, 1990, to March 20th, 2023. Titles and abstracts were screened, followed by full text review. Articles assessing clinically important outcomes between OSR and ER in penetrating arterial injuries were included. Exclusion criteria included blunt injuries, aortic injuries, pediatric populations, review articles, and non-English articles. Odds ratios (OR) and Cohen's d ratios were used to quantify differences in morbidity and mortality. RESULTS A total of 3770 articles were identified, of which 8 met inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The articles comprised a total of 8369 patients of whom 90 % were male with a median age of 28 years. 85 % of patients were treated with OSR while 15 % underwent ER. With regards to injury characteristics, those who underwent ER were less likely to present with concurrent venous injuries (OR: 0.41; 95 %CI: 0.18, 0.94; p = 0.03). Regarding hospital outcomes, patients who underwent ER had a lower likelihood of in-hospital or 30-day mortality (OR: 0.72; 95 %CI: 0.55, 0.95; p = 0.02) and compartment syndrome (OR: 0.29, 95 %CI: 0.12, 0.71; p = 0.007). The overall risk of bias was moderate. CONCLUSION Endovascular repair of non-aortic penetrating arterial injuries is increasingly common, however open repair remains the most common approach. Compared to ER, OSR was associated with higher odds of compartment syndrome and mortality. Further prospective research is warranted to determine the patient populations and injury patterns that most significantly benefit from an endovascular approach. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hafiz Al Tannir
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Critical Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Elise A Biesboer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Critical Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Courtney Pokrzywa
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Critical Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Simin Golestani
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Critical Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Vasil Kukushliev
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Critical Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Xavier Jean
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Critical Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Eric Harding
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Critical Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Marc A de Moya
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Critical Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Rachel Morris
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Critical Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Nathan Kugler
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Morgan Schellenberg
- Department of Surgery, Division of Acute Care Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patrick B Murphy
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Critical Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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Torres IO, Lourenço de Andrade RC, Apoloni R, Simão da Silva E, Puech-Leão P, De Luccia N. Editor's Choice - In Hospital and Long Term Outcomes After Repair of Subclavian and Axillary Artery Injuries. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2023; 66:840-847. [PMID: 37567338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the in hospital and long term outcomes after open or endovascular repair of subclavian and axillary artery injuries. METHODS This was a retrospective, single centre study. Data were reviewed from patients with subclavian and or axillary injuries who presented to the authors' centre between January 2009 and December 2022. Outcome data included complications, death, amputations, and re-interventions. A p value < .050 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS Over the study period, 62 patients with subclavian or axillary trauma were admitted to the study hospital. Patients were young (median age 32.5 years, range 12 - 53) and most were men (85%); 32 patients experienced blunt trauma, and 30 penetrating trauma. The median injury severity score was 18 (interquartile range [IQR] 9, 34), and 47% of patients had a brachial plexus injury. The arterial injury was occlusion in 62% of patients, and the median ischaemia time was 12.5 hours (IQR 7.13, 24). All patients with subclavian injuries (n = 37) and 13 of 25 patients with an axillary injury underwent endovascular repair (stent graft placement). Open repair was performed in 12 patients with axillary injury (axillobrachial bypass in seven patients). At hospital discharge, the amputation free survival rate was 82% vs. 92% (p = .67), the mortality rate was 10% vs. 8% (p = 1.0), and the amputation rate was 10% vs. 0 (p = .57) for endovascular and open repair, respectively. The mean follow up time was 4.1 ± 3.5 years. After the seven year follow up, the stent primary patency was 42%. No re-interventions or amputations were performed after hospital discharge. Disability was related to fractures and soft tissue and brachial plexus injuries. CONCLUSION Endovascular treatment was preferred for patients with subclavian artery injuries. Open repair was preferred for patients with penetrating axillary injuries. In hospital and long term complications were related to fractures and soft tissue and brachial plexus injuries, rather than the treatment of arterial injuries. Measures are needed to reduce ischaemia time and improve brachial plexus injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inez Ohashi Torres
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Department, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Rafael Apoloni
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Department, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erasmo Simão da Silva
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Department, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Puech-Leão
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Department, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nelson De Luccia
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Department, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zambetti BR, Patel DD, Stuber JD, Zickler WP, Hosseinpour H, Anand T, Nelson AC, Stewart C, Joseph B, Magnotti LJ. Role of Endovascular Stenting in Patients with Traumatic Iliac Artery Injury. J Am Coll Surg 2023; 236:753-759. [PMID: 36728440 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common and external iliac artery injuries (IAI) portend significant morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study was to examine the impact of mechanism of injury and type of repair on outcomes and identify the optimal repair for patients with traumatic IAI using a large, national dataset. STUDY DESIGN Patients undergoing operative repair for IAI were identified from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program database during a 5-year timespan, ending in 2019. Age, sex, race, severity of injury, severity of shock, type of iliac repair (open or endovascular), mechanism, morbidity and mortality were recorded. Patients with IAI were stratified by both type of repair and mechanism and compared. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of mortality. RESULTS Operative IAI was identified in 507 patients. Of these injuries, 309 (61%) were penetrating and 346 (68.2%) involved the external iliac artery. The majority of patients were male (82%) with a median age and ISS of 31 and 20, respectively. Endovascular repair was performed in 31% of cases. For patients with penetrating injuries, the type of repair impacted neither morbidity nor mortality. For blunt-injured patients, endovascular repair was associated with lower morbidity (29.3% vs 41.3%; p = 0.082) and significantly reduced mortality (14.6% vs 26.7%; p = 0.037) compared with the open-repair approach. Multivariable logistic regression identified endovascular repair as the only modifiable risk factor associated with decreased mortality (odds ratio 0.34; 95% CI 0.15 to 0.79; p = 0.0116). CONCLUSIONS Traumatic IAI causes significant morbidity and mortality. Endovascular repair was identified as the only modifiable predictor of decreased mortality in blunt-injured patients with traumatic IAI. Therefore, for select patients with blunt IAIs, an endovascular repair should be the preferred approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Zambetti
- From the Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD (Zambetti)
| | - Devanshi D Patel
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN (Patel, Stuber)
| | - Jacqueline D Stuber
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN (Patel, Stuber)
| | - William P Zickler
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY (Zickler)
| | - Hamidreza Hosseinpour
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (Hosseinpour, Anand, Nelson, Stewart, Joseph, Magnotti)
| | - Tanya Anand
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (Hosseinpour, Anand, Nelson, Stewart, Joseph, Magnotti)
| | - Adam C Nelson
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (Hosseinpour, Anand, Nelson, Stewart, Joseph, Magnotti)
| | - Collin Stewart
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (Hosseinpour, Anand, Nelson, Stewart, Joseph, Magnotti)
| | - Bellal Joseph
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (Hosseinpour, Anand, Nelson, Stewart, Joseph, Magnotti)
| | - Louis J Magnotti
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (Hosseinpour, Anand, Nelson, Stewart, Joseph, Magnotti)
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