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Dupont J, Leal BC, Lozano P, Monteiro AL, Migowski P, Scholten JD. Ionic Liquids in Metal, Photo-, Electro-, and (Bio) Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5227-5420. [PMID: 38661578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have unique physicochemical properties that make them advantageous for catalysis, such as low vapor pressure, non-flammability, high thermal and chemical stabilities, and the ability to enhance the activity and stability of (bio)catalysts. ILs can improve the efficiency, selectivity, and sustainability of bio(transformations) by acting as activators of enzymes, selectively dissolving substrates and products, and reducing toxicity. They can also be recycled and reused multiple times without losing their effectiveness. ILs based on imidazolium cation are preferred for structural organization aspects, with a semiorganized layer surrounding the catalyst. ILs act as a container, providing a confined space that allows modulation of electronic and geometric effects, miscibility of reactants and products, and residence time of species. ILs can stabilize ionic and radical species and control the catalytic activity of dynamic processes. Supported IL phase (SILP) derivatives and polymeric ILs (PILs) are good options for molecular engineering of greener catalytic processes. The major factors governing metal, photo-, electro-, and biocatalysts in ILs are discussed in detail based on the vast literature available over the past two and a half decades. Catalytic reactions, ranging from hydrogenation and cross-coupling to oxidations, promoted by homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts in both single and multiphase conditions, are extensively reviewed and discussed considering the knowledge accumulated until now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jairton Dupont
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, P.O. Box 4021, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Bárbara C Leal
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
| | - Pedro Lozano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, P.O. Box 4021, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Adriano L Monteiro
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
| | - Pedro Migowski
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
| | - Jackson D Scholten
- Institute of Chemistry - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970 RS, Brasil
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2
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A Bio-Based Alginate Aerogel as an Ionic Liquid Support for the Efficient Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from CO2 and Epoxides. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11080872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the ionic liquid [Aliquat][Cl] was supported into alginate and silica aerogel matrices and applied as a catalyst in the cycloaddition reaction between CO2 and a bio-based epoxide (limonene oxide). The efficiency of the alginate aerogel system is much higher than that of the silica one. The method of wet impregnation was used for the impregnation of the aerogel with [Aliquat][Cl] and a zinc complex. The procedure originated a well-defined thin solvent film on the surface of support materials. Final materials were characterised by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, N2 Adsorption–Desorption Analysis, X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption and Field Emission Scanning Microscopy. Several catalytic tests were performed in a high-pressure apparatus at 353.2 K and 4 MPa of CO2.
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3
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Ludwiczak M, Szyling J, Garbicz A, Sokolnicki T, Pyziak J, Walkowiak J. Application of Green Solvents: PEG and scCO 2 in the Mono- or Biphasic Catalytic Systems for the Repetitive Batch Coupling of Vinylsilanes with Vinyl Boronates toward 1-Boryl-1-silylethenes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17555-17564. [PMID: 33232139 PMCID: PMC7735702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the repetitive batch silylative coupling (trans-silylation) of vinylsilanes with vinyl boronates in the presence of Ru(CO)Cl(H)(PCy3)2 immobilized in poly(ethylene glycols) (PEGs) has been developed. Three PEGs (PEG600, PEG2000, and MPEG2000) with different molecular weights and end groups (MW = 600-2000) were tested as solvents and immobilization media, while an aliphatic solvent (n-hexane or n-heptane) or supercritical CO2 was used for product extraction. By applying 2 mol % of the Ru-H catalyst, it was possible to carry out up to 15 complete runs, with the predominant formation of 1-boryl-1-silylethenes. This immobilization strategy permitted for catalyst reuse and obtaining higher TON values (approximately 660-734) compared to the reaction in conventional solvents (∼50). Detailed kinetic studies of the most effective catalytic system were performed to determine catalyst activity and stability. Moreover, the reactions were carried out in an MPEG2000/scCO2 biphasic system, positively influencing the process sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Ludwiczak
- Center
for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz
University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznan 61-614, Poland
| | - Jakub Szyling
- Center
for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz
University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznan 61-614, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University
in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznan 61-614, Poland
| | - Adriana Garbicz
- Center
for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz
University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznan 61-614, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University
in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznan 61-614, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sokolnicki
- Center
for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz
University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznan 61-614, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University
in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznan 61-614, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Pyziak
- BIB
Seed Capital S. A., Sw.
Marcin 80/82, Poznan 61-809, Poland
| | - Jȩdrzej Walkowiak
- Center
for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz
University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznan 61-614, Poland
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4
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Kobayashi T, Kraus H, Hansen N, Fyta M. Confined Ru‐catalysts in a Two‐phase Heptane/Ionic Liquid Solution: Modeling Aspects. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kobayashi
- Institute for Computational Physics University of Stuttgart Allmandring 3 Stuttgart 70569 Germany
| | - Hamzeh Kraus
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Process Engineering University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 9 Stuttgart 70569 Germany
| | - Niels Hansen
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Process Engineering University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 9 Stuttgart 70569 Germany
| | - Maria Fyta
- Institute for Computational Physics University of Stuttgart Allmandring 3 Stuttgart 70569 Germany
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5
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Schnoor JK, Fuchs M, Böcking A, Wessling M, Liauw MA. Homogeneous Catalyst Recycling and Separation of a Multicomponent Mixture Using Organic Solvent Nanofiltration. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201900110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johann-Kilian Schnoor
- RWTH Aachen UniversityInstitut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Martin Fuchs
- RWTH Aachen UniversityInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Landoltweg 1a 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Axel Böcking
- RWTH Aachen UniversityAachener Verfahrenstechnik, Chemische Verfahrenstechnik Forckenbeckstrasse 51 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Matthias Wessling
- RWTH Aachen UniversityAachener Verfahrenstechnik, Chemische Verfahrenstechnik Forckenbeckstrasse 51 52074 Aachen Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstrasse 50 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Marcel A. Liauw
- RWTH Aachen UniversityInstitut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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Kurisingal JF, Rachuri Y, Pillai RS, Gu Y, Choe Y, Park DW. Ionic-Liquid-Functionalized UiO-66 Framework: An Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Cycloaddition of CO 2 and Epoxides. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:1033-1042. [PMID: 30610753 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201802838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A facile approach for modifying the UiO-66-NH2 metal-organic framework by incorporating imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) to form bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts for the cycloaddition of epoxides to CO2 is reported. Methylimidazolium- and methylbenzimidazolium-based IL units (ILA and ILB, respectively) were introduced into the pore walls of the UiO-66-NH2 framework through a condensation reaction to generate ILA@U6N and ILB@U6N catalysts, respectively. The resultant heterogeneous catalysts, especially ILA@U6N, exhibited excellent CO2 adsorption capability, which makes them effective for cycloaddition reactions producing cyclic carbonates under mild reaction conditions in the absence of any cocatalyst or solvent. The significantly enhanced activity of ILA@U6N is attributed to the synergism between the coordinately unsaturated Lewis acidic Zr4+ centers and Br- ions in the bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts. The size effect of the ILs on coupling between the epoxide and CO2 was also studied for ILA@U6N and ILB@U6N. A periodic DFT study was performed to provide evidence of possible intermediates, transition states, and pathways, as well as to gain deeper insight into the mechanism of the ILA@U6N-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction between epichlorohydrin and CO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintu Francis Kurisingal
- Division of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea
| | - Yadagiri Rachuri
- Division of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea
| | - Renjith S Pillai
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yunjang Gu
- Division of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea
| | - Youngson Choe
- Division of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea
| | - Dae-Won Park
- Division of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea
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7
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Schmitz M, Erken C, Ohligschläger A, Schnoor JK, Westhues NF, Klankermayer J, Leitner W, Liauw MA. Homogeneously Catalyzed Synthesis of (Higher) Alcohols (C1-C4) from the Combination of CO2
/CO/H2. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201800053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Schmitz
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Worringerweg 1 - 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - C. Erken
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstraße 34 - 36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - A. Ohligschläger
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Worringerweg 1 - 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - J.-K. Schnoor
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Worringerweg 1 - 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - N. F. Westhues
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Worringerweg 1 - 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - J. Klankermayer
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Worringerweg 1 - 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - W. Leitner
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Worringerweg 1 - 2 52074 Aachen Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstraße 34 - 36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - M. A. Liauw
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie; Worringerweg 1 - 2 52074 Aachen Germany
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Geier D, Schmitz P, Walkowiak J, Leitner W, Franciò G. Continuous Flow Asymmetric Hydrogenation with Supported Ionic Liquid Phase Catalysts Using Modified CO2 as the Mobile Phase: from Model Substrate to an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Geier
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Pascal Schmitz
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Giancarlo Franciò
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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9
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Paninho AB, Ventura AL, Branco LC, Pombeiro AJ, da Silva MFCG, da Ponte MN, Mahmudov KT, Nunes AV. CO 2 + ionic liquid biphasic system for reaction/product separation in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Stouten SC, Anastasopoulou A, Hessel V, Wang Q. Life cycle assessment of novel supercritical methyl propionate process with carbon dioxide feedstock. REACT CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7re00094d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The alkoxycarbonylation reaction can be realized in continuous flow under supercritical conditions by utilizing CO2as a feedstock instead of CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. C. Stouten
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering/Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - A. Anastasopoulou
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering/Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - V. Hessel
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering/Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Q. Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering/Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
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11
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Amara Z, Poliakoff M, Duque R, Geier D, Franciò G, Gordon CM, Meadows RE, Woodward R, Leitner W. Enabling the Scale-Up of a Key Asymmetric Hydrogenation Step in the Synthesis of an API Using Continuous Flow Solid-Supported Catalysis. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zacharias Amara
- The
School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn Poliakoff
- The
School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Rubén Duque
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie ITMC, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Geier
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie ITMC, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Giancarlo Franciò
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie ITMC, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Charles M. Gordon
- Britest Limited, The Heath Business & Technical Park, Runcorn WA7 4QX, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca E. Meadows
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Woodward
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie ITMC, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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