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Suarez W, Bello C, Cruz R, Zegarra J, Arias S, Brondi F. Glaciological Mass balance of Znosko Glacier, King George Island. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20220821. [PMID: 38088639 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320220821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present article objective is to determine the net mass balance of the glacier Znosko for periods 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. It is situated on King George Island which belongs to the groups Shetland of the South, Antarctic Peninsula region. For this objective, during February 2018 a net of 19 stakes (which were controlled once during February 2019 and 2020) were installed on the glacier ablation zone, drilling in the accumulation zone and about flights using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) to control the glacier zone and geomorphological changes. For the year 2020, it was determined a glacier area of 1.71 ± 0.02 km2, moreover, using five different methods of interpolation, it was obtained on average, as a result, a specific net balance of -590.7 ± 46.6 mm w.e (in water equivalent) for 2018-2019 and -686.7 ± 28.2 mm w.e for 2019-2020, being the ELA altitude 146.5 ± 18.2 m and 144.2 ± 8.3 m respectively. The two consecutive years represent negative net mass balances which are in accordance with other similar studies on this region, also glacier data were obtained on a zone that is characterized by its difficult access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Suarez
- National Service of Meteorology and Hydrology of Peru/SENAMHI, St. Cahuide 785, Jesús María, Lima, Perú
- National Agrarian University La Molina/UNALM, Doctorate in Water Resources/DRH, Av. La Molina s/n, La Molina, Lima, Perú
| | - Cinthya Bello
- Universidad Científica del Sur, Carrera de Biología Marina, Panamericana Sur km 19, Villa El Salvador 15067, Perú
| | - Rolando Cruz
- National Water Authority/ANA, St. Los Petirrojos 355, San Isidro, Lima, Perú
| | - Juan Zegarra
- National Water Authority/ANA, St. Los Petirrojos 355, San Isidro, Lima, Perú
| | - Sandro Arias
- National Service of Meteorology and Hydrology of Peru/SENAMHI, St. Cahuide 785, Jesús María, Lima, Perú
| | - Fabian Brondi
- National Geographic Institute of Peru/IGN, Av. Andrés Aramburu 1184, Surquillo, Lima, Perú
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Perșoiu A, Bădăluță CA, Lee J. Stable isotope hydrology of surface and ground waters in King George Island, Antarctica. ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37975284 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2023.2281932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The region around the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula is warming fast, a situation that will lead to widespread changes in local hydrological cycles. King George Island (KGI) hosts a complex network of lakes and rivers, fed by glaciers, snow and rain, and underlain by thick permafrost. We present here the first study of the stable isotope composition of the surface waters in the ice-free southern peninsulas of KGI. Permafrost samples had the highest δ18O and δ2H values (-6.7 and -50 ‰, respectively), and river waters the lowest (-9.1 and -70 ‰, respectively), with groundwater (-8.2 and -62.7 ‰, respectively), lakes (-8.6 and -66.8 ‰, respectively) and (summer) meltwater (-9 and -69.5 ‰, respectively) having intermediary values. Our results suggest that a clear separation of the various water bodies (permafrost, snow, meltwater, lakes) based on the δ18Owater and δ2Hwater is possible. Further, water in lakes on a W-E transect (i.e. with increased distance from the Bellingshausen Sea) have a general tendency towards lower δ18O (and δ2H) values. The results allow for the establishment of a baseline against which ongoing and future changes of the hydrological cycle could be analysed, and past climate changes be reconstructed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurel Perșoiu
- Emil Racovita Institute of Speleology, Romanian Academy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Stable Isotope Laboratory, Ștefan cel Mare University, Suceava, Romania
| | | | - Jeonghoon Lee
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Glacial melt disturbance shifts community metabolism of an Antarctic seafloor ecosystem from net autotrophy to heterotrophy. Commun Biol 2021; 4:148. [PMID: 33514890 PMCID: PMC7846736 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01673-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change-induced glacial melt affects benthic ecosystems along the West Antarctic Peninsula, but current understanding of the effects on benthic primary production and respiration is limited. Here we demonstrate with a series of in situ community metabolism measurements that climate-related glacial melt disturbance shifts benthic communities from net autotrophy to heterotrophy. With little glacial melt disturbance (during cold El Niño spring 2015), clear waters enabled high benthic microalgal production, resulting in net autotrophic benthic communities. In contrast, water column turbidity caused by increased glacial melt run-off (summer 2015 and warm La Niña spring 2016) limited benthic microalgal production and turned the benthic communities net heterotrophic. Ongoing accelerations in glacial melt and run-off may steer shallow Antarctic seafloor ecosystems towards net heterotrophy, altering the metabolic balance of benthic communities and potentially impacting the carbon balance and food webs at the Antarctic seafloor.
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Default versus Configured-Geostatistical Modeling of Suspended Particulate Matter in Potter Cove, West Antarctic Peninsula. FLUIDS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/fluids5040235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The glacier retreat observed during the last decades at Potter Cove (PC) causes an increasing amount of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the water column, which has a high impact on sessile filter feeder’ species at PC located at the West Antarctic Peninsula. SPM presents a highly-fluctuating dynamic pattern on a daily, monthly, seasonal, and interannual basis. Geostatistical interpolation techniques are widely used by default to generate reliable spatial information and thereby to improve the ecological understanding of environmental variables, which is often fundamental for guiding decision-makers and scientists. In this study, we compared the results of default and configured settings of three geostatistical algorithms (Simple Kriging, Ordinary Kriging, and Empirical Bayesian) and developed a performance index. In order to interpolate SPM data from the summer season 2010/2011 at PC, the best performance was obtained with Empirical Bayesian Kriging (standard mean = −0.001 and root mean square standardized = 0.995). It showed an excellent performance (performance index = 0.004), improving both evaluation parameters when radio and neighborhood were configured. About 69% of the models showed improved standard means when configured compared to the default settings following a here proposed guideline.
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Jerosch K, Pehlke H, Monien P, Scharf F, Weber L, Kuhn G, Braun MH, Abele D. Benthic meltwater fjord habitats formed by rapid glacier recession on King George Island, Antarctica. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2018; 376:rsta.2017.0178. [PMID: 29760120 PMCID: PMC5954476 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The coasts of the West Antarctic Peninsula are strongly influenced by glacier meltwater discharge. The spatial structure and biogeochemical composition of inshore habitats are shaped by large quantities of terrigenous particulate material deposited in the vicinity of the coast, which impacts the pelagic and benthic ecosystems. We used a multitude of geochemical and environmental variables to identify the radius extension of the meltwater impact from the Fourcade Glacier into the fjord system of Potter Cove, King George Island. The k-means cluster algorithm, canonical correspondence analysis, variance analysis and Tukey's post hoc multiple comparison tests were applied to define and cluster coastal meltwater habitats. A minimum of 10 clusters were needed to classify the 8 km2 study area into meltwater fjord habitats (MFHs), fjord habitats and marine habitats. Strontium content in surface sediments is the main geochemical indicator for lithogenic creek discharge in Potter Cove. Furthermore, bathymetry, glacier distance and geomorphic positioning are the essential habitats explaining variables. The mean and maximum MFH extent amounted to 1 km and 2 km, respectively. Extrapolation of the identified meltwater impact ranges to King George Island coastlines, which are presently ice-covered bays and fjord areas, indicated an overall coverage of 200-400 km2 MFH, underpinning the importance of better understanding the biology and biogeochemistry in terrestrial marine transition zones.This article is part of the theme issue 'The marine system of the West Antarctic Peninsula: status and strategy for progress in a region of rapid change'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Jerosch
- Bio- and Geosciences Divisions, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Pehlke
- Bio- and Geosciences Divisions, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Monien
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Strasse 2-4, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Frauke Scharf
- Bio- and Geosciences Divisions, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Lukas Weber
- Information Management and Media, Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Moltkestraße 30, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gerhard Kuhn
- Bio- and Geosciences Divisions, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Matthias H Braun
- Institute for Geography, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Doris Abele
- Bio- and Geosciences Divisions, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
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Hendry KR, Meredith MP, Ducklow HW. The marine system of the West Antarctic Peninsula: status and strategy for progress. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2018; 376:rsta.2017.0179. [PMID: 29760121 PMCID: PMC5954477 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharine R Hendry
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK
| | - Michael P Meredith
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - Hugh W Ducklow
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 US-9 W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA
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