Xanthomarina gelatinilytica gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from seawater

A novel Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, yellow-pigmented, non-sporulating, non-motile bacterium, designated strain AK20T, was isolated from seawater collected from Kochi city, Kerala state, India. Colonies on marine agar were circular, yellow, shiny, translucent, 2-3 mm in diameter, convex and with entire margin. Flexirubin-type pigment was present. The fatty acids were dominated by iso-branched units with a high abundance of iso-C15:0, iso-C15:1 G, iso-C17:0 3-OH, summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH) and iso-C15:0 3-OH. Polar lipids included phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminophospholipids, two unidentified phospholipids and four unidentified lipids. Menaquinone 6 (MK-6) was the predominant respiratory quinone. The DNA G+C content of strain AK20T was 38.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain AK20T was closely related to Formosa spongicola A2T and Bizionia paragorgiae KMM 6029T (pair-wise sequence similarities of 95.9 and 95.7%, respectively), forming a distinct branch within the family Flavobacteriaceae and clustering with the clade comprising species of the genus Bizionia. Based on phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, strain AK20T is different from the existing genera in the family Flavobacteriaceae, and is therefore considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Xanthomarina gelatinilytica gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Xanthomarina gelatinilytica is AK20T ( = MTCC 11705T = JCM 18821T).

Description of Lutimonas halocynthiae sp. nov., isolated from a golden sea squirt (Halocynthia aurantium), reclassification of Aestuariicola saemankumensis as Lutimonas saemankumensis comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Lutimonas

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, coccoid, ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated RSS3-C1T, was isolated from a golden sea squirt (Halocynthia aurantium) collected from the East Sea, South Korea. Strain RSS3-C1T was found to grow optimally at 20–25 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 2.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain RSS3-C1T clustered with the type strains of Lutimonas vermicola and Aestuariicola saemankumensis . Strain RSS3-C1T exhibited 98.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to each type strain. Strain RSS3-C1T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain RSS3-C1T were phosphatidylethanolamine and two unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain RSS3-C1T was 39.2 mol%, and DNA–DNA relatedness to the type strains of and was 21±5.3 and 26±7.5 %, respectively. The differential phenotypic properties, together with its phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain RSS3-C1T is separated from and . On the basis of the data presented, strain RSS3-C1T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Lutimonas , for which the name Lutimonas halocynthiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RSS3-C1T ( = KCTC 32537T = CECT 8444T). In this study, it is also proposed that Aestuariicola saemankumensis should be reclassified as a member of the genus Lutimonas , as Lutimonas saemankumensis comb. nov. (type strain SMK-142T = KCTC 22171T = CCUG 55329T), and the description of the genus Lutimonas is emended.