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Furuta S. Microbiome-Stealth Regulator of Breast Homeostasis and Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3040. [PMID: 39272898 PMCID: PMC11394247 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16173040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cumulative evidence attests to the essential roles of commensal microbes in the physiology of hosts. Although the microbiome has been a major research subject since the time of Luis Pasteur and William Russell over 140 years ago, recent findings that certain intracellular bacteria contribute to the pathophysiology of healthy vs. diseased tissues have brought the field of the microbiome to a new era of investigation. Particularly, in the field of breast cancer research, breast-tumor-resident bacteria are now deemed to be essential players in tumor initiation and progression. This is a resurrection of Russel's bacterial cause of cancer theory, which was in fact abandoned over 100 years ago. This review will introduce some of the recent findings that exemplify the roles of breast-tumor-resident microbes in breast carcinogenesis and metastasis and provide mechanistic explanations for these phenomena. Such information would be able to justify the utility of breast-tumor-resident microbes as biomarkers for disease progression and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Furuta
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA;
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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2
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Król J, Nowakiewicz A, Błaszków A, Brodala M, Domagała A, Prassol AN, Sławska D, Wojtynia J. Genetic diversity of oral streptococci in the guinea pig as assessed by sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA and groEL genes. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2021; 67:311-318. [PMID: 34932210 PMCID: PMC8933309 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-021-00936-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize bacteria of the genus Streptococcus isolated from the oral cavity of the guinea pig as well as to assess the significance of these microorganisms as potential veterinary and human pathogens. Sixty-two streptococcal isolates recovered from 27 clinically healthy guinea pigs were examined genotypically by sequencing the 16S rRNA and groEL genes. Among these isolates, only 13 could be assigned to a species described previously (mainly Streptococcus parasanguinis, S. mitis and S. suis), and the majority of the remaining ones differed considerably from the streptococcal species known to date (16S rRNA and groEL sequence similarities were < 97% and < 87%, respectively). Based on 16S rRNA sequences, these unidentified isolates were divided into seven groups (clades), of which clades I through III comprised most of the isolates examined and had also the widest distribution among guinea pig colonies. Upon groEL gene sequence analysis, however, members of the three clades grouped together without forming such distinct clusters. The remaining clades distinguished by 16S rRNA sequencing could also be discerned by the second gene, and they contained only a few isolates often restricted to one or a few animal colonies. The present work reveals that the guinea pig mouth is inhabited by a vast number of phylogenetically diverse, so far unrecognized populations of streptococci, most of them being apparently host-specific genomospecies. On the contrary, S. parasanguinis and S. mitis are also common human commensals and S. suis is a well-recognized zoonotic pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Król
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, St. Norwida 31, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Aneta Nowakiewicz
- Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, St. Akademicka 12, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Alicja Błaszków
- Student of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maria Brodala
- Student of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adrianna Domagała
- Student of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna-Nicole Prassol
- Student of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dominika Sławska
- Student of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Julita Wojtynia
- Student of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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TIONG V, LOONG SK, MOHAMAD WALI HA, TAN KK, JEE PF, LIM FS, KHOO JJ, WONG PF, CHANG LY, ABUBAKAR S. Isolation of Streptococcus cuniculi from corneal lesion in laboratory-raised mice. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:280-284. [PMID: 33441499 PMCID: PMC7972885 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal lesions appearing as white mass beneath intact epithelium, with ocular discharge in one mouse, was observed in a batch of laboratory-raised BALB/c mice (n=9 of 56). The affected mice remained active, well-groomed and had normal appetite. Isolates recovered from swab cultures of the external and internal contents of the eye had partial 16S rRNA gene sequence of 99.1% similarity to Streptococcus cuniculi. No previous report of S. cuniculi infection in laboratory rodents has been presented. The isolate was susceptible to all antibiotics tested. We suggest S. cuniculi is an opportunistic bacteria in laboratory mice but are uncertain of its source. Our findings revealed that S. cuniculi is able to colonize laboratory mice and should be considered when mice present with eye lesion or ocular discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vunjia TIONG
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education
Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shih-Keng LOONG
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education
Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Kim-Kee TAN
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education
Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pui-Fong JEE
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fang-Shiang LIM
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education
Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jing-Jing KHOO
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education
Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pooi-Fong WONG
- Animal Experimental Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University
of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Li-Yen CHANG
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sazaly ABUBAKAR
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education
Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mühldorfer K, Rau J, Fawzy A, Heydel C, Glaeser SP, van der Linden M, Kutzer P, Knauf-Witzens T, Hanczaruk M, Eckert AS, Eisenberg T. Streptococcus castoreus, an uncommon group A Streptococcus in beavers. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2019; 112:1663-1673. [PMID: 31250158 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-019-01293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus castoreus is a rarely encountered beta-haemolytic group A Streptococcus with high tropism for the beaver as host. Based on 27 field isolates under study, evidence strongly suggests that S. castoreus behaves as an opportunistic pathogen in beavers. Although it belongs to the resident mucosal microbiota, this Streptococcus species is associated with purulent lesions in diseased animals. With few exceptions, isolates proved to be highly similar in a panel of phenotypic (including biochemistry, resistance pattern, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy) and classic molecular (16S rRNA and sodA gene) analyses, and thus did not show any specific pattern according to host species or spatio-temporal origin. Conversely, S. castoreus isolates were differentiated into a multitude of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis 'pulsotypes' that did not seem to reflect true epidemiologic lineages. In contrast, single reactions of genomic fingerprinting using BOX-, (GTG)5- and RAPD-PCRs revealed at least subclusters with respect to host species, geographic origin or year, and confirmed the co-colonization of individuals with more than one isolate. In addition to isolates from free-ranging Eurasian beavers (Castor fiber), this study includes S. castoreus from captive North American beavers (Castor canadensis) for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Mühldorfer
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jörg Rau
- Chemical and Veterinary Investigations Office Stuttgart, Schaflandstraße 3/2, 70736, Fellbach, Germany
| | - Ahmad Fawzy
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza Square, 12211, Egypt
- Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Carsten Heydel
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 85-89, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefanie P Glaeser
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mark van der Linden
- German National Reference Center for Streptococci, Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Kutzer
- Landeslabor Berlin-Brandenburg, Gerhard-Neumann-Straße 2, 15236, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany
| | - Tobias Knauf-Witzens
- Wilhelma - Zoological and Botanical Gardens, Wilhelma 13, 70342, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Matthias Hanczaruk
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstr. 2, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Anna Sophie Eckert
- Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Hessian State Laboratory (LHL), Schubertstr. 60, 35392, Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 85-89, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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Tian Z, Lu S, Jin D, Yang J, Pu J, Lai XH, Bai XN, Wu XM, Li J, Wang S, Xu J. Streptococcus chenjunshii sp. nov. isolated from feces of Tibetan antelopes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:1237-1243. [PMID: 30785389 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Three Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative, α-haemolytic, chain-forming and coccus-shaped microorganisms (strains Z15T, Z1 and Z2) were isolated from feces of Tibetan antelopes collected from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, PR China. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence studies indicated that Z15T shared 94.5, 93.1 and 92.2 % similarity with Streptococcus pantholopis DSM 102135T, Streptococcus ursoris NUM 1615T and Streptococcus dentapri NUM 1529T, respectively. rpoB and groEL-based sequence analysis of our three novel isolates revealed interspecies divergence of 16.7 and 14.3 % from Streptococcus pantholopis DSM 102135T. The genomic DNA G+C content of Z15T is 42.48 mol%. Z15T has an average nucleotide identity (ANI) value of 81.19 % with S. pantholopis DSM 102135T and a DNA-DNA relatedness value of less than 70 % in the in-silico DNA-DNA hybridization (isDDH) with other species of genus Streptococcus deposited in the GenBank database. A whole-genome phylogenetic tree based on 246 core genes of 78 genomes of members of the genus Streptococcusindicated that Z15T represents a member of genus Streptococcus but one well separated from the currently recognized species. Z15T contains C18 : 1ω7c (25.5 %), C18 : 1ω9c (19.6 %), C16 : 0 (17.5 %) and C16 : 1ω9c (13.3 %) as its major cellular fatty acids. According to the morphological, biochemical and molecular phylogenetic features of the three novel isolates, they represent a novel species of the genus Streptococcus, and Streptococcus chenjunshii sp. nov. is thus proposed. The type strain is Z15T (=CGMCC 1.16529=DSM 106182).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University School of Public Health, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Shan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China.,Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai 201508, PR China
| | - Dong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China.,Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai 201508, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China.,Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai 201508, PR China
| | - Ji Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Xin-He Lai
- School of Biology and Food Sciences, Shangqiu Normal University, Henan 476000, PR China
| | - Xiang-Ning Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China.,Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai 201508, PR China
| | - Xiao-Min Wu
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Shanxi 710032, PR China
| | - Junqin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University School of Public Health, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University School of Public Health, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Shanghai Institute for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai 201508, PR China.,Department of Epidemiology, Shanxi Medical University School of Public Health, Shanxi 030001, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, PR China
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6
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Shewmaker PL, Whitney AM, Gulvik CA, Lipman NS. Streptococcus azizii sp. nov., isolated from naïve weanling mice. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:5032-5037. [PMID: 29022542 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three isolates of a previously reported novel catalase-negative, Gram-stain-positive, coccoid, alpha-haemolytic, Streptococcus species that were associated with meningoencephalitis in naïve weanling mice were further evaluated to confirm their taxonomic status and to determine additional phenotypic and molecular characteristics. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed nearly identical intra-species sequence similarity (≥99.9 %), and revealed the closest phylogenetically related species, Streptococcus acidominimus and Streptococcuscuniculi, with 97.0 and 97.5 % sequence similarity, respectively. The rpoB, sodA and recN genes were identical for the three isolates and were 87.6, 85.7 and 82.5 % similar to S. acidominimus and 89.7, 86.2 and 80.7 % similar to S. cuniculi, respectively. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization analyses of mouse isolate 12-5202T against S. acidominimus CCUG 27296T and S. cuniculi CCUG 65085T produced estimated values of 26.4 and 25.7 % relatedness, and the calculated average nucleotide identity values were 81.9 and 81.7, respectively. These data confirm the taxonomic status of 12-5202T as a distinct Streptococcus species, and we formally propose the type strain, Streptococcusazizii 12-5202T (=CCUG 69378T=DSM 103678T). The genome of Streptococcus azizii sp. nov. 12-5202T contains 2062 total genes with a size of 2.34 Mbp, and an average G+C content of 42.76 mol%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne M Whitney
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
| | | | - Neil S Lipman
- Center of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Bai X, Xiong Y, Lu S, Jin D, Lai X, Yang J, Niu L, Hu S, Meng X, Pu J, Ye C, Xu J. Streptococcuspantholopis sp. nov., isolated from faeces of the Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:3281-3286. [PMID: 27226124 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two bacterial strains were isolated from faecal samples of Tibetan antelopes. The isolates were Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative, coccus-shaped organisms that were tentatively identified as representing a novel streptococcal species based on their morphological features, biochemical test results and phylogenomic findings. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies confirmed that the organisms were members of the genus Streptococcus, but they did not correspond to any recognized species of the genus. The nearest phylogenetic relative of the unknown coccus was Streptococcus ursoris NUM 1615T (93.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Analysis of groEL and rpoB gene sequences of the novel isolates showed interspecies divergence of 27.0 and 22.2 %, respectively, from the type strain of its closest 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic relative, S. ursoris. The complete genome of strain TA 26T has been sequenced. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization studies between strain TA 26T and other species of the genus Streptococcus deposited in the GenBank database showed less than 70 % DNA-DNA relatedness, supporting a novel species status of the strain. On the basis of their genotypic and phenotypic differences from recognized Streptococcus species, the two isolates represent a novel species of the genus Streptococcus, for which the nameStreptococcus pantholopis sp. nov. (type strain TA 26T=CGMCC 1.15667T=DSM 102135T) is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanwen Xiong
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dong Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xinhe Lai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China.,Institute of Inflammation and Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lina Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, PR China.,School of Tropical and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, PR China
| | - Shoukui Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiangli Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ji Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, PR China
| | - Changyun Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, PR China
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Vela AI, Casas-Díaz E, Lavín S, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF. Streptococcus pharyngis sp. nov., a novel streptococcal species isolated from the respiratory tract of wild rabbits. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:2903-2907. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Four isolates of an unknown Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative coccus-shaped organism, isolated from the pharynx of four wild rabbits, were characterized by phenotypic and molecular genetic methods. The micro-organisms were tentatively assigned to the genus Streptococcus based on cellular morphological and biochemical criteria, although the organisms did not appear to correspond to any species with a validly published name. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed their identification as members of the genus Streptococcus, being most closely related phylogenetically to Streptococcus porcorum 682-03T (96.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Analysis of rpoB and sodA gene sequences showed divergence values between the novel species and S. porcorum 682-03T (the closest phylogenetic relative determined from 16S rRNA gene sequences) of 18.1 and 23.9 %, respectively. The novel bacterial isolate could be distinguished from the type strain of S. porcorum by several biochemical characteristics, such as the production of glycyl-tryptophan arylamidase and α-chymotrypsin, and the non-acidification of different sugars. Based on both phenotypic and phylogenetic findings, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be assigned to a novel species of the genus Streptococcus, and named Streptococcus pharyngis sp. nov. The type strain is DICM10-00796BT ( = CECT 8754T = CCUG 66496T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Vela
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET), Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Encarna Casas-Díaz
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Santiago Lavín
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lucas Domínguez
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET), Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose F. Fernández-Garayzábal
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET), Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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