Craterilacuibacter sinensis gen. nov. sp. nov., isolated from a crater lake in China

Paralysiella testudinis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the cloaca of a toad-headed turtle (Mesoclemmys nasuta)

A bacterial strain designated 26B^T, which had been isolated from the cloaca of a toad-headed turtle, was subjected to a comprehensive taxonomic study. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that strain 26B^T is a member of the family Neisseriaceae. Based on highest similarity values, Neisseria animaloris DSM 21642^T (95.15 %), Alysiella filiformis ATCC 15532^T (95.06 %), Uruburuella testudinis 07_OD624^T (94.71 %), Uruburuella suis CCUG 47806^T (94.66 %) and Alysiella crassa DSM 2578^T (94.64 %) were identified as the closest relatives. Average nucleotide identity values based on the blast algorithm (ANIb) indicated that U. suis (76.10/76.17 %), Neisseria shayeganii 871^T (74.34/74.51 %), Stenoxybacter acetivorans (73.30/73.41 %), N. animaloris (72.98/72.80) %, A. filiformis (71.14/71.21 %) and A. crassa (70.53/71.15 %) are the next closest relatives. Like ANIb, genome-based phylogeny did not suggest the affiliation of strain 26B^T with any established genus. The polyamine pattern consisted of the major compounds putrescine, 1,3-diaminopropane and spermidine and the major quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. In the polar lipid profile, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and an ornithine lipid were predominant. The fatty acid profile contained predominantly C_16 : 1 ω7c, C_12 : 0, C_14 : 0, C_16 : 0 and C_12 : 0 3OH. The size of the genome was 2.91 Mbp and the genomic G+C content was 54.0 mol%. Since these data do not demonstrate an unambiguous association with any established genus, we here propose the novel genus Paralysiella with the type species Paralysiella testudinis gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is 26B^T (=CCM 9137^T=LMG 32212^T).

Phylogenomics and molecular signatures support division of the order Neisseriales into emended families Neisseriaceae and Chromobacteriaceae and three new families Aquaspirillaceae fam. nov., Chitinibacteraceae fam. nov., and Leeiaceae fam. nov

The order Neisseriales contains 37 genera harboring 122 species with validly published names, which are placed into two families, Neisseriaceae and Chromobacteriaceae. Genome sequences are now available for 35 of the 37 Neisseriales genera for reliably determining their evolutionary relationships and taxonomy. We report here comprehensive phylogenomic and comparative analyses on protein sequences from 110 Neisseriales genomes plus 3 Chitinimonas genomes using multiple approaches. In a phylogenomic tree based on 596 core proteins, Neisseriales species formed 5 strongly supported clades. In addition to the clades for Neisseriaceae and Chromobacteriaceae families, three novel species clades designated as the "Chitinibacteraceae", "Aquaspirillaceae", and "Leeiaceae" were observed. The genus Chitinimonas grouped reliably with members of the "Chitinibacteraceae" clade. The major clades within the order Neisseriales can also be distinguished based on average amino acid identity analysis. In parallel, our comparative genomic studies have identified 30 conserved signature indels (CSIs) that are specific for members of the order Neisseriales or its five main clades. One of these CSIs is uniquely shared by all Neisseriales, whereas 8, 4, 9, 3 and 5 CSIs are distinctive characteristics of the Neisseriaceae, Chromobacteriaceae, "Chitinibacteraceae", "Aquaspirillaceae" and "Leeiaceae" clades, respectively. Based on the strong phylogenetic and molecular evidence presented here, we are proposing that the three newly identified clades should be recognized as novel families (Chitinibacteraceae fam. nov., Aquaspirillaceae fam. nov. and Leeiaceae fam. nov.) within the order Neisseriales. In addition, we are also emending descriptions of the families Neisseriaceae and Chromobacteriaceae regarding their constituent genera and other distinguishing characteristics.