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Mignucci-Giannoni AA, Cabrias-Contreras LJ, Dennis MM, Escobar-Torres SM, Ghim SJ, Howerth EW, Landrau-Giovannetti N, Rivera-Guzmán AL, Rivera-Pérez CI, Joh JJ. Characterization of novel papillomavirus from free-ranging Antillean manatee Trichechus manatus manatus with genital papillomatosis. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2022; 149:1-10. [PMID: 35510816 DOI: 10.3354/dao03656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Antillean manatee Trichechus manatus manatus is an Endangered species living along the Atlantic coasts of the Americas from Florida (USA), throughout the Caribbean, to Brazil. In July 2020, a manatee with multiple wounds due to boat-inflicted trauma was rescued from the coast east of Cayo Mata, Salinas, Puerto Rico. This manatee had neutropenia, leukopenia, and monocytosis associated with immunosuppression and nutritional deficiency anemia, as well as bacteria and fungi within the lesions. The manatee had genital lesions which included papules and linear plaques, microscopically characterized by mucosal hyperplasia with cytopathic changes typical of papillomavirus infection. Superficial epithelial cells had strong nuclear immunolabeling when examined using a monoclonal antibody specific to papillomavirus. The sequencing data of PCR products with papillomavirus-specific degenerative primers indicated that these lesions contained a novel manatee papillomavirus (Trichechus manatus papillomavirus, TmPV). The genomic DNA was amplified using a rolling circle amplification, and fully sequenced to be 7586 bp (GenBank accession no. OK073977). Other TmPVs were previously isolated from Florida manatees T. manatus latirostris. This novel virus was designated TmPV type 5 (TmPV5) based on its genomic characterization and sequence comparison. The TmPV5 genome shared 50.7, 48.9, 69.4, and 62.1% similarities with TmPV1, TmPV2, TmPV3, and TmPV4, respectively. TmPV5 is classified in the genus Rhopapillomavirus together with other manatee papillomaviruses. After 2.5 mo of veterinary treatment and rehabilitation, the manatee recovered and was released. This is the first report of papillomatosis in a free-ranging Antillean manatee.
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Zahin M, Dean WL, Ghim SJ, Joh J, Gray RD, Khanal S, Bossart GD, Mignucci-Giannoni AA, Rouchka EC, Jenson AB, Trent JO, Chaires JB, Chariker JH. Identification of G-quadruplex forming sequences in three manatee papillomaviruses. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195625. [PMID: 29630682 PMCID: PMC5891072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirotris) is a threatened aquatic mammal in United States coastal waters. Over the past decade, the appearance of papillomavirus-induced lesions and viral papillomatosis in manatees has been a concern for those involved in the management and rehabilitation of this species. To date, three manatee papillomaviruses (TmPVs) have been identified in Florida manatees, one forming cutaneous lesions (TmPV1) and two forming genital lesions (TmPV3 and TmPV4). We identified DNA sequences with the potential to form G-quadruplex structures (G4) across the three genomes. G4 were located on both DNA strands and across coding and non-coding regions on all TmPVs, offering multiple targets for viral control. Although G4 have been identified in several viral genomes, including human PVs, most research has focused on canonical structures comprised of three G-tetrads. In contrast, the vast majority of sequences we identified would allow the formation of non-canonical structures with only two G-tetrads. Our biophysical analysis confirmed the formation of G4 with parallel topology in three such sequences from the E2 region. Two of the structures appear comprised of multiple stacked two G-tetrad structures, perhaps serving to increase structural stability. Computational analysis demonstrated enrichment of G4 sequences on all TmPVs on the reverse strand in the E2/E4 region and on both strands in the L2 region. Several G4 sequences occurred at similar regional locations on all PVs, most notably on the reverse strand in the E2 region. In other cases, G4 were identified at similar regional locations only on PVs forming genital lesions. On all TmPVs, G4 sequences were located in the non-coding region near putative E2 binding sites. Together, these findings suggest that G4 are possible regulatory elements in TmPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zahin
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - William L. Dean
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Shin-je Ghim
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Joongho Joh
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Robert D. Gray
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Sujita Khanal
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Gregory D. Bossart
- Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Eric C. Rouchka
- Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of Louisville, Duthie Center for Engineering, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- KBRIN Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Alfred B. Jenson
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - John O. Trent
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Jonathan B. Chaires
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Julia H. Chariker
- KBRIN Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
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