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Amigo CR, Moreno LZ, Ferreira TSP, Gomes VTDM, Poor AP, de Oliveira CH, Parra BM, Silva APS, Moreno AM. Phenotypic, molecular and genomic characterization of Actinobaculum suis isolated from swine in Brazil. Anaerobe 2019; 56:27-33. [PMID: 30630038 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are considered one of the most important diseases of sows due to its close relationship with reproductive problems such as reduced litter size, increase in the rate of return to estrous, vulvar discharge, abortion, mastitis and anestrus. Actinobaculum suis is one of the main agents involved in porcine urinary tract infection and is responsible for the most severe and fatal cases in sows. In the present report, 23 A. suis strains isolated from a sow and boars in Brazil were identified by PCR and further characterized by broth microdilution, molecular typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (SE-AFLP), and whole-genome sequencing. All strains were sensitive to ceftiofur, linezolid, nitrofurantoin, quinupristin-dalfopristin and vancomycin. Ciprofloxacin, daptomycin, lincomycin, erythromycin and tylosin resistance was observed in 100% of tested strains. Tetracycline and tigecycline also presented high resistance rates (87% and 30.4%, respectively). PFGE with eight different restriction enzymes and three programs did not enable strain characterization; however, all strains were typed by SE-AFLP that clustered strains according to their origin, thus proving an effective tool for A. suis genotyping. Whole-genome sequencing and comparative analysis enabled species differentiation from closely related genus. This is the first report of genomic characterization of A. suis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Román Amigo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luisa Zanolli Moreno
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Centro Universitário Max Planck (UniMax), Indaiatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Sebastiana Porfida Ferreira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vasco Túlio de Moura Gomes
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Pegoraro Poor
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Helena de Oliveira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Martins Parra
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Santos Silva
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Micke Moreno
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Actinobaculum massiliense Proteome Profiled in Polymicrobial Urethral Catheter Biofilms. Proteomes 2018; 6:proteomes6040052. [PMID: 30544882 PMCID: PMC6314084 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes6040052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinobaculum massiliense, a Gram-positive anaerobic coccoid rod colonizing the human urinary tract, belongs to the taxonomic class of Actinobacteria. We identified A. massiliense as a cohabitant of urethral catheter biofilms (CB). The CBs also harbored more common uropathogens, such as Proteus mirabilis and Aerococcus urinae, supporting the notion that A. massiliense is adapted to a life style in polymicrobial biofilms. We isolated a clinical strain from a blood agar colony and used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and shotgun proteomics to confirm its identity as A. massiliense. We characterized this species by quantitatively comparing the bacterial proteome derived from in vitro growth with that of four clinical samples. The functional relevance of proteins with emphasis on nutrient import and the response to hostile host conditions, showing evidence of neutrophil infiltration, was analyzed. Two putative subtilisin-like proteases and a heme/oligopeptide transporter were abundant in vivo and are likely important for survival and fitness in the biofilm. Proteins facilitating uptake of xylose/glucuronate and oligopeptides, also highly expressed in vivo, may feed metabolites into mixed acid fermentation and peptidolysis pathways, respectively, to generate energy. A polyketide synthase predicted to generate a secondary metabolite that interacts with either the human host or co-colonizing microbes was also identified. The product of the PKS enzyme may contribute to A. massiliense fitness and persistence in the CBs.
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Prigent G, Perillaud C, Amara M, Coutard A, Blanc C, Pangon B. Actinobaculum schaalii: A truly emerging pathogen?: Actinobaculum schaalii: un pathogène réellement émergent? New Microbes New Infect 2016; 11:8-16. [PMID: 27014462 PMCID: PMC4789325 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinobaculum schaalii is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobe bacillus. It is a commensal organism of the genitourinary tract. Its morphology is nonspecific. Aerobic culture is tedious, and identification techniques have long been inadequate. Thus, A. schaalii has often been considered as a nonpathogen bacterium or a contaminant. Its pathogenicity is now well described in urinary tract infections, and infections in other sites have been reported. This pathogen is considered as an emerging one following the growing use of mass spectrometry identification. In this context, the aim of our study was to evaluate the number of isolations of A. schaalii before and after the introduction of mass spectrometry in our hospital and to study the clinical circumstances in which isolates were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Prigent
- Service de biologie, Unité de microbiologie, Le Chesnay, France
| | - C Perillaud
- Service de biologie, Unité de microbiologie, Le Chesnay, France
| | - M Amara
- Service de biologie, Unité de microbiologie, Le Chesnay, France
| | - A Coutard
- Service de biologie, Unité de microbiologie, Le Chesnay, France
| | - C Blanc
- Service de médecine interne, maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - B Pangon
- Service de biologie, Unité de microbiologie, Le Chesnay, France
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