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Chi X, Liu X, Huang Q, Huang L, Zhang P, Chen X. Depressive Symptoms among Junior High School Students in Southern China: Prevalence, Changes, and Psychosocial Correlates. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:1191-1200. [PMID: 32663950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the most common mental health problems in adolescents. A careful assessment of the prevalence and risk of depressive symptoms, as well as those factors that protect against it, is essential for prevention and intervention programs. METHOD Using two waves of data from Grade 7 to Grade 9 (N = 1,544 students in Wave 1), this study examined the prevalence and changes of depressive symptoms and their related psychosocial correlates (personal and familial factors, including family functioning and positive youth development [PYD] constructs) among junior high school students in Southern China. RESULTS The results showed that while depressive symptoms generally declined throughout the secondary junior school years, symptoms of major depression remained stable. Concurrently, academic achievement, family functioning, and PYD constructs regarding cognitive behavioral competence (CBC), positive identity (PIT), and general PYD qualities (GPYDQ) negatively predicted depressive symptoms in Wave 1. Longitudinally, being female, having poor academic achievement and family functioning, and having a low PIT in Wave 1 significantly predicted depressive symptoms in Wave 2. LIMITATIONS This study used the self-reporting approach, did not track a long-term developmental trajectories of adolescent depressive symptoms, and did not cover all potential predictors. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that being female and having poor academic achievement are risk factors, while positive family functioning and PYD constructs protect against the development of adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Chi
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Postal address: No.3688, Nanhai Rd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China, 518060; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China; Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, P.R. China, 100872; The Laboratory of the Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, P.R. China, 100872
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Postal address: No.3688, Nanhai Rd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China, 518060; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Qiaomin Huang
- Law School of Shenzhen University, Postal address: No.3688, Nanhai Rd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China, 518060
| | - Liuyue Huang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Postal address: No.3688, Nanhai Rd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China, 518060; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Peichao Zhang
- Research Center of Modern Psychology, Department of Philosophy, Wuhan University, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, P.R. China, 100872; The Laboratory of the Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, P.R. China, 100872.
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Oh BC, Ong YJ, Loo JMY. A review of educational-based gambling prevention programs for adolescents. ASIAN JOURNAL OF GAMBLING ISSUES AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 7:4. [PMID: 28680791 PMCID: PMC5488130 DOI: 10.1186/s40405-017-0024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Educational-based problem gambling prevention programs are important avenues in targeting at-risk behaviors among adolescents to prevent an escalation of problematic behaviors into adulthood. The aim of this review is to examine features pertinent to effective educational-based programs in the area of adolescent problem gambling prevention in hopes of providing a foundation and future suggestions for preventive efforts. A stronger understanding of this research area will be essential in ensuring that past practical and theoretical advancements are integrated into the development of future programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boon Chin Oh
- Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Yee Jie Ong
- Psychology Department, Anglia Ruskin University, East Rd, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jasmine M. Y. Loo
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Sunway, Selangor DarulEhsan Malaysia
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Luk AL, Leong KM, Au AML. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Positive Youth Development Program for Secondary Students in Macau. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:621841. [PMID: 22919341 PMCID: PMC3415083 DOI: 10.1100/2012/621841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A well-tested comprehensive Chinese positive youth development program (Project P.A.T.H.S.) developed in Hong Kong has been modified and adapted for use in Macau. This program aims to help adolescent school children develop positively and to be better prepared for their future. The present study investigated the effectiveness of the Tier 1 Program of “P.A.T.H.S.” for Secondary 2 students of two pilot schools. Since there were “repeating” and “transferring” students joining the program, the effectiveness of the program on these particular groups of participants was also examined. The subjective outcome evaluations including participants' perceptions of the program, program instructors, benefits from the program, and overall satisfaction were positive. Although the longitudinal data from the objective outcome evaluation did not show any notable improvement, the overall effect of the program was found to be positive to the new comers in the junior secondary years. The existing evaluation findings suggest that the Secondary 2 program is especially effective to those newly joining the program. In view of the paucity of youth studies in Macau, the present study can contribute to evidence-based youth work and provide baseline data for the program to be evaluated in the Secondary 3 periods in the future.
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