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Mansour AG, Teng KY, Li Z, Zhu Z, Chen H, Tian L, Ali A, Zhang J, Lu T, Ma S, Lin CM, Caligiuri MA, Yu J. Off-the-shelf CAR-engineered natural killer cells targeting FLT3 enhance killing of acute myeloid leukemia. Blood Adv 2023; 7:6225-6239. [PMID: 37379267 PMCID: PMC10582841 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) succumb to the disease or its complications, especially among older patients. Natural killer (NK) cells have been shown to have antileukemic activity in patients with AML; however, to our knowledge, primary NK cells armed with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting antigens associated with AML as an "off-the-shelf" product for disease control have not been explored. We developed frozen, off-the-shelf allogeneic human NK cells engineered with a CAR recognizing FLT3 and secreting soluble interleukin-15 (IL-15) (FLT3 CAR_sIL-15 NK) to improve in vivo NK cell persistence and T-cell activation. FLT3 CAR_sIL-15 NK cells had higher cytotoxicity and interferon gamma secretion against FLT3+ AML cell lines when compared with activated NK cells lacking an FLT3 CAR or soluble IL-15. Frozen and thawed allogeneic FLT3 CAR_sIL-15 NK cells prolonged survival of both the MOLM-13 AML model as well as an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft AML model when compared with control NK cells. FLT3 CAR_sIL-15 NK cells showed no cytotoxicity against healthy blood mononuclear cells or hematopoietic stem cells. Collectively, our data suggest that FLT3 is an AML-associated antigen that can be targeted by frozen, allogeneic, off-the-shelf FLT3 CAR_sIL-15 NK cells that may provide a novel approach for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony G. Mansour
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kun-Yu Teng
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Zhiyao Li
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hanyu Chen
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Aliya Ali
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ting Lu
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Shoubao Ma
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chih-Min Lin
- Department of Cellular Immunotherapy GMP Manufacturing, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michael A. Caligiuri
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- President, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
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Horak P, Klink B, Heining C, Gröschel S, Hutter B, Fröhlich M, Uhrig S, Hübschmann D, Schlesner M, Eils R, Richter D, Pfütze K, Geörg C, Meißburger B, Wolf S, Schulz A, Penzel R, Herpel E, Kirchner M, Lier A, Endris V, Singer S, Schirmacher P, Weichert W, Stenzinger A, Schlenk RF, Schröck E, Brors B, von Kalle C, Glimm H, Fröhling S. Precision oncology based on omics data: The NCT Heidelberg experience. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:877-886. [PMID: 28597939 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Precision oncology implies the ability to predict which patients will likely respond to specific cancer therapies based on increasingly accurate, high-resolution molecular diagnostics as well as the functional and mechanistic understanding of individual tumors. While molecular stratification of patients can be achieved through different means, a promising approach is next-generation sequencing of tumor DNA and RNA, which can reveal genomic alterations that have immediate clinical implications. Furthermore, certain genetic alterations are shared across multiple histologic entities, raising the fundamental question of whether tumors should be treated by molecular profile and not tissue of origin. We here describe MASTER (Molecularly Aided Stratification for Tumor Eradication Research), a clinically applicable platform for prospective, biology-driven stratification of younger adults with advanced-stage cancer across all histologies and patients with rare tumors. We illustrate how a standardized workflow for selection and consenting of patients, sample processing, whole-exome/genome and RNA sequencing, bioinformatic analysis, rigorous validation of potentially actionable findings, and data evaluation by a dedicated molecular tumor board enables categorization of patients into different intervention baskets and formulation of evidence-based recommendations for clinical management. Critical next steps will be to increase the number of patients that can be offered comprehensive molecular analysis through collaborations and partnering, to explore ways in which additional technologies can aid in patient stratification and individualization of treatment, to stimulate clinically guided exploratory research projects, and to gradually move away from assessing the therapeutic activity of targeted interventions on a case-by-case basis toward controlled clinical trials of genomics-guided treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Horak
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Section for Personalized Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Klink
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph Heining
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Section for Personalized Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Gröschel
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Section for Personalized Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Research Group Molecular Leukemogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Medical Oncology, NCT Heidelberg and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Hutter
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, DKFZ and NCT Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Fröhlich
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, DKFZ and NCT Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Uhrig
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, DKFZ and NCT Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Hübschmann
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Roland Eils
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Richter
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Pfütze
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Heidelberg Center for Personalized Oncology (HIPO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Geörg
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Heidelberg Center for Personalized Oncology (HIPO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bettina Meißburger
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Heidelberg Center for Personalized Oncology (HIPO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Wolf
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Schulz
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Penzel
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Esther Herpel
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Kirchner
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amelie Lier
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Endris
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Singer
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schirmacher
- DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,DKTK, Munich, Germany
| | - Albrecht Stenzinger
- DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Evelin Schröck
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brors
- DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Applied Bioinformatics, DKFZ and NCT Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof von Kalle
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Section for Personalized Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Heidelberg Center for Personalized Oncology (HIPO), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanno Glimm
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Section for Personalized Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Section for Personalized Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKTK, Heidelberg, Germany
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