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Ren J, Ma B, Liu L, Wei W, Chen B, Zhang S, Xu H, Hu Z, Li F, Wang X, Yin S, Feng J, Zhou X, Gao Y, Li Y, Shi X, Li J, Ren X, Xu Z, Deng Z, Qi W, Wang S, Fan Q, Cui B, Wang W, Yuan Z, Teng J, Wu Y, Cao Z, Zhao Z, Gu Y, Cao L, Zhu S, Cheng R, Lei Y, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Xiao G, Zhao H, Hoffmann DHH, Zhou W, Zhao Y. Target Density Effects on Charge Transfer of Laser-Accelerated Carbon Ions in Dense Plasma. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:095101. [PMID: 36930918 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.095101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report on charge state measurements of laser-accelerated carbon ions in the energy range of several MeV penetrating a dense partially ionized plasma. The plasma was generated by irradiation of a foam target with laser-induced hohlraum radiation in the soft x-ray regime. We use the tricellulose acetate (C_{9}H_{16}O_{8}) foam of 2 mg/cm^{3} density and 1 mm interaction length as target material. This kind of plasma is advantageous for high-precision measurements, due to good uniformity and long lifetime compared to the ion pulse length and the interaction duration. We diagnose the plasma parameters to be T_{e}=17 eV and n_{e}=4×10^{20} cm^{-3}. We observe the average charge states passing through the plasma to be higher than those predicted by the commonly used semiempirical formula. Through solving the rate equations, we attribute the enhancement to the target density effects, which will increase the ionization rates on one hand and reduce the electron capture rates on the other hand. The underlying physics is actually the balancing of the lifetime of excited states versus the collisional frequency. In previous measurement with partially ionized plasma from gas discharge and z pinch to laser direct irradiation, no target density effects were ever demonstrated. For the first time, we are able to experimentally prove that target density effects start to play a significant role in plasma near the critical density of Nd-glass laser radiation. The finding is important for heavy ion beam driven high-energy-density physics and fast ignitions. The method provides a new approach to precisely address the beam-plasma interaction issues with high-intensity short-pulse lasers in dense plasma regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieru Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Bubo Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lirong Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Wenqing Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Benzheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shizheng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hao Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhongmin Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xing Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shuai Yin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jianhua Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xianming Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yifang Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xiaohua Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jianxing Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xueguang Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhongfeng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhigang Deng
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Wei Qi
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Shaoyi Wang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Quanping Fan
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Weiwu Wang
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Zongqiang Yuan
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Jian Teng
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yuchi Wu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Zhurong Cao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Zongqing Zhao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yuqiu Gu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Leifeng Cao
- Advanced Materials Testing Technology Research Center, Shenzhen University of Technology, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Shaoping Zhu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zexian Zhou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guoqing Xiao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dieter H H Hoffmann
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Weimin Zhou
- Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory, Laser Fusion Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yongtao Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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2
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Afshari M, Morris S, Geulig LD, Chitgar ZM, Gibbon P, Thirolf PG, Schreiber J. The role of collisional ionization in heavy ion acceleration by high intensity laser pulses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18260. [PMID: 36309599 PMCID: PMC9617862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We present here simulation results of the laser-driven acceleration of gold ions using the EPOCH code. Recently, an experiment reported the acceleration of gold ions up to 7 MeV/nucleon with a strong dependency of the charge-state distribution on target thickness and the detection of the highest charge states [Formula: see text]. Our simulations using a developmental branch of EPOCH (4.18-Ionization) show that collisional ionization is the most important cause of charge states beyond Z = 51 up to He-like Au.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Afshari
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - S. Morris
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - L. D. Geulig
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Z. M. Chitgar
- grid.8385.60000 0001 2297 375XInstitute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - P. Gibbon
- grid.8385.60000 0001 2297 375XInstitute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Centre for Mathematical Plasma Astrophysics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. G. Thirolf
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - J. Schreiber
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XFakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
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3
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Zhao YT, Zhang YN, Cheng R, He B, Liu CL, Zhou XM, Lei Y, Wang YY, Ren JR, Wang X, Chen YH, Xiao GQ, Savin SM, Gavrilin R, Golubev AA, Hoffmann DHH. Benchmark Experiment to Prove the Role of Projectile Excited States Upon the Ion Stopping in Plasmas. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:115001. [PMID: 33798346 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.115001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on a precision energy loss measurement and theoretical investigation of 100 keV/u helium ions in a hydrogen-discharge plasma. Collision processes of helium ions with protons, free electrons, and hydrogen atoms are ideally suited for benchmarking plasma stopping-power models. Energy loss results of our experiments are significantly higher than the predictions of traditional effective charge models. We obtained good agreement with our data by solving rate equations, where in addition to the ground state, also excited electronic configurations were considered for the projectile ions. Hence, we demonstrate that excited projectile states, resulting from collisions, leading to capture-, ionization-, and radiative-decay processes, play an important role in the stopping process in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter,School of Science, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y N Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter,School of Science, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - R Cheng
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - B He
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - C L Liu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - X M Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter,School of Science, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China
- Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - Y Lei
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Y Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J R Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter,School of Science, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China
| | - X Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter,School of Science, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China
| | - Y H Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - G Q Xiao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - S M Savin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - R Gavrilin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - A A Golubev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) of National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D H H Hoffmann
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter,School of Science, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow 115409, Russia
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4
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Braenzel J, Barriga-Carrasco MD, Morales R, Schnürer M. Charge-Transfer Processes in Warm Dense Matter: Selective Spectral Filtering for Laser-Accelerated Ion Beams. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:184801. [PMID: 29775363 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.184801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigate, both experimentally and theoretically, how the spectral distribution of laser accelerated carbon ions can be filtered by charge exchange processes in a double foil target setup. Carbon ions at multiple charge states with an initially wide kinetic energy spectrum, from 0.1 to 18 MeV, were detected with a remarkably narrow spectral bandwidth after they had passed through an ultrathin and partially ionized foil. With our theoretical calculations, we demonstrate that this process is a consequence of the evolution of the carbon ion charge states in the second foil. We calculated the resulting spectral distribution separately for each ion species by solving the rate equations for electron loss and capture processes within a collisional radiative model. We determine how the efficiency of charge transfer processes can be manipulated by controlling the ionization degree of the transfer matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Braenzel
- Max Born Institute, Max Born Straße 2a, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M D Barriga-Carrasco
- E.T.S.I. Industriales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - R Morales
- E.T.S.I. Industriales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M Schnürer
- Max Born Institute, Max Born Straße 2a, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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5
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Barriga-Carrasco MD, Casas D, Morales R. Calculations on charge state and energy loss of argon ions in partially and fully ionized carbon plasmas. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:033204. [PMID: 27078472 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.033204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The energy loss of argon ions in a target depends on their velocity and charge density. At the energies studied in this work, it depends mostly on the free and bound electrons in the target. Here the random-phase approximation is used for analyzing free electrons at any degeneracy. For the plasma-bound electrons, an interpolation between approximations for low and high energies is applied. The Brandt-Kitagawa (BK) model is employed to depict the projectile charge space distribution, and the stripping criterion of Kreussler et al. is used to determine its equilibrium charge state Q(eq). This latter criterion implies that the equilibrium charge state depends slightly on the electron density and temperature of the plasma. On the other hand, the effective charge Q(eff) is obtained as the ratio between the energy loss of the argon ion and that of the proton for the same plasma conditions. This effective charge Q(eff) is larger than the equilibrium charge state Q(eq) due to the incorporation of the BK charge distribution. Though our charge-state estimations are not exactly the same as the experimental values, our energy loss agrees quite well with the experiments. It is noticed that the energy loss in plasmas is higher than that in the same cold target of about, ∼42-62.5% and increases with carbon plasma ionization. This confirms the well-known enhanced plasma stopping. It is also observed that only a small part of this energy loss enhancement is due to an increase of the argon charge state, namely only ∼2.2 and 5.1%, for the partially and the fully ionized plasma, respectively. The other contribution is connected with a better energy transfer to the free electrons at plasma state than to the bound electrons at solid state of about, ∼38.8-57.4%, where higher values correspond to a fully ionized carbon plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Casas
- E.T.S.I. Industriales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Max Born Institute, Max Born Str. 2a D-12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roberto Morales
- E.T.S.I. Industriales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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6
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Cayzac W, Bagnoud V, Basko MM, Blažević A, Frank A, Gericke DO, Hallo L, Malka G, Ortner A, Tauschwitz A, Vorberger J, Roth M. Predictions for the energy loss of light ions in laser-generated plasmas at low and medium velocities. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 92:053109. [PMID: 26651804 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.053109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The energy loss of light ions in dense plasmas is investigated with special focus on low to medium projectile energies, i.e., at velocities where the maximum of the stopping power occurs. In this region, exceptionally large theoretical uncertainties remain and no conclusive experimental data are available. We perform simulations of beam-plasma configurations well suited for an experimental test of ion energy loss in highly ionized, laser-generated carbon plasmas. The plasma parameters are extracted from two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, and a Monte Carlo calculation of the charge-state distribution of the projectile ion beam determines the dynamics of the ion charge state over the whole plasma profile. We show that the discrepancies in the energy loss predicted by different theoretical models are as high as 20-30%, making these theories well distinguishable in suitable experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Cayzac
- Université Bordeaux-CEA-CNRS, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, UMR 5107, 33405 Talence, France
| | - V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - M M Basko
- Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics (KIAM), Miusskaya sq. 4, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Blažević
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A Frank
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - D O Gericke
- Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - L Hallo
- CEA-Cesta, 15 Avenue des Sablières BP2, CS 60001, 33116, Le Barp, France
| | - G Malka
- Université Bordeaux-CEA-CNRS, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, UMR 5107, 33405 Talence, France
| | - A Ortner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - An Tauschwitz
- Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - J Vorberger
- Max-Planck Institute for the Physics of complex systems, Nöthnitzer Str. 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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7
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Ortner A, Frank A, Blažević A, Roth M. Role of charge transfer in heavy-ion-beam-plasma interactions at intermediate energies. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:023104. [PMID: 25768615 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.023104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we investigate the influence of the plasma properties on the charge state distribution of a swift heavy ion beam interacting with a plasma. The main finding is that the charge state in plasma can be lower than in cold matter. The charge state distribution is determined by the ionization and recombination rates which are balancing each other out. Both, ionization and recombination rates, as well as atomic excitation and decay rates, depend on the plasma parameters in different ways. These effects have been theoretically studied by Monte Carlo simulations on the example of an argon ion beam at an energy of 4MeV/u in a carbon plasma. This study covers a plasma parameter space ranging from ion densities from 10(18) to 10(23) cm(-3) and electron temperatures from 10 to 200 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ortner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Frank
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A Blažević
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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8
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Barriga-Carrasco MD. Heavy ion charge-state distribution effects on energy loss in plasmas. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 88:043107. [PMID: 24229293 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.043107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
According to dielectric formalism, the energy loss of the heavy ion depends on its velocity and its charge density. Also, it depends on the target through its dielectric function; here the random phase approximation is used because it correctly describes fully ionized plasmas at any degeneracy. On the other hand, the Brandt-Kitagawa (BK) model is employed to depict the projectile charge space distribution, and the stripping criterion of Kreussler et al. is used to determine its mean charge state [Q]. This latter criterion implies that the mean charge state depends on the electron density and temperature of the plasma. Also, the initial charge state of the heavy ion is crucial for calculating [Q] inside the plasma. Comparing our models and estimations with experimental data, a very good agreement is found. It is noticed that the energy loss in plasmas is higher than that in the same cold gas cases, confirming the well-known enhanced plasma stopping (EPS). In this case, EPS is only due to the increase in projectile effective charge Q(eff), which is obtained as the ratio between the energy loss of each heavy ion and that of the proton in the same plasma conditions. The ratio between the effective charges in plasmas and in cold gases is higher than 1, but it is not as high as thought in the past. Finally, another significant issue is that the calculated effective charge in plasmas Q(eff) is greater than the mean charge state [Q], which is due to the incorporation of the BK charge distribution. When estimations are performed without this distribution, they do not fit well with experimental data.
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9
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A simple model for latent track formation due to cluster ion stopping and fragmentation in solids. RADIAT MEAS 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1350-4487(03)00112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Gericke DO, Schlanges M, Bornath T. Stopping power of nonideal, partially ionized plasmas. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2002; 65:036406. [PMID: 11909261 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.65.036406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The stopping power of strongly coupled, partially ionized plasmas is investigated for charged beam particles with arbitrary velocities. Our approach is based on kinetic equations of the Boltzmann type that are suitably generalized to describe three-particle collisions. In this way, we consider elastic collisions between the beam and free plasma particles as well as the ionization and excitation of composite plasma particles by beam particle impact. Explicit expressions for both contributions are given in terms of the momentum transfer cross section that has been generalized for three-particle collisions. For fast beam particles, we obtain a generalized Bethe formula that includes correction terms due to the nonideality of the target plasma. Results are shown for hydrogen, carbon, and argon plasmas. Considerable modifications compared to the ideal behavior arise for strongly coupled plasmas. In particular, we are able to describe the Mott transition in the stopping power of dense, partially ionized plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O Gericke
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545.
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11
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Silva CA, Galvão RM. Laser-assisted stopping power of a hot plasma for a system of correlated ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1999; 60:7441-8. [PMID: 11970692 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.60.7441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/1998] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The laser-assisted stopping power of a fully ionized plasma for the system of two correlated test charges is investigated. The general expressions for the stopping power are applied to a low-density and a low-temperature plasma in a low-energy beam-plasma experiment [J. Jacoby et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 1550 (1995)]. The effect of the interaction between the beam test charges, described by a correlation term, is to increase the stopping power of the laser-assisted plasma compared to the case where the charges are infinitely separated. However, the laser field affects the correlation between the test charges and contributes to decrease the plasma stopping power, as compared to the laser-free dicluster case.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Silva
- Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, Centro Técnico Aeroespacial, 12228-900 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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Gericke DO, Schlanges M. Beam-plasma coupling effects on the stopping power of dense plasmas. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1999; 60:904-10. [PMID: 11969835 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.60.904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/1998] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The stopping power for ion beams in dense plasmas is investigated on the basis of quantum kinetic equations. Strong correlations between the beam ions and the plasma particles which occur for high ion charge numbers and strongly coupled plasmas are treated on the level of the statically screened T-matrix (binary collision) approximation. Dynamic screening effects are included using a combined scheme which considers both close collisions and collective effects. Applying this approach, the ion charge number dependence of the stopping power is determined. The result is a modification of the Z(2)(b) scaling law. In particular, the stopping power is reduced for strong beam-plasma coupling. Good agreement is found between T-matrix results and simulation data (particle-in-cell and molecular dynamics) for low beam velocities.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O Gericke
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, Domstrasse 10a, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
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Zinamon Z, Nardi E. Energy deposition in heavy-ion fusion converters. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(96)00510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chabot M, Gardès D, Box P, Kiener J, Deutsch C, Maynard G, André V, Fleurier C, Hong D, Wohrer K. Stripping properties of a plasma medium for MeV/u chlorine ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1995; 51:3504-3510. [PMID: 9963032 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.51.3504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Jacoby J, Hoffmann DH, Laux W, Müller RW, Wahl H, Weyrich K, Boggasch E, Heimrich B, Stöckl C, Wetzler H, Miyamoto S. Stopping of heavy ions in a hydrogen plasma. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 74:1550-1553. [PMID: 10059057 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.1550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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D'Avanzo J, Lontano M, Bortignon PF. Fast-ion interaction in dense plasmas with two-ion correlation effects. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1993; 47:3574-3584. [PMID: 9960410 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.47.3574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Peter T, Meyer-ter-Vehn J. Energy loss of heavy ions in dense plasma. I. Linear and nonlinear Vlasov theory for the stopping power. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1991; 43:1998-2014. [PMID: 9905242 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.43.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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