1
|
Troussel P, Villette B, Emprin B, Oudot G, Tassin V, Bridou F, Delmotte F, Krumrey M. Absolute radiant power measurement for the Au M lines of laser-plasma using a calibrated broadband soft X-ray spectrometer with flat-spectral response. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:013503. [PMID: 24517761 DOI: 10.1063/1.4846915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CEA implemented an absolutely calibrated broadband soft X-ray spectrometer called DMX on the Omega laser facility at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE) in 1999 to measure radiant power and spectral distribution of the radiation of the Au plasma. The DMX spectrometer is composed of 20 channels covering the spectral range from 50 eV to 20 keV. The channels for energies below 1.5 keV combine a mirror and a filter with a coaxial photo-emissive detector. For the channels above 5 keV the photoemissive detector is replaced by a conductive detector. The intermediate energy channels (1.5 keV < photon energy < 5 keV) use only a filter and a coaxial detector. A further improvement of DMX consists in flat-response X-ray channels for a precise absolute measurement of the photon flux in the photon energy range from 0.1 keV to 6 keV. Such channels are equipped with a filter, a Multilayer Mirror (MLM), and a coaxial detector. We present as an example the development of channel for the gold M emission lines in the photon energy range from 2 keV to 4 keV which has been successfully used on the OMEGA laser facility. The results of the radiant power measurements with the new MLM channel and with the usual channel composed of a thin titanium filter and a coaxial detector (without mirror) are compared. All elements of the channel have been calibrated in the laboratory of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany's National Metrology Institute, at the synchrotron radiation facility BESSY II in Berlin using dedicated well established and validated methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ph Troussel
- CEA/DAM/DIF, Bruyères le Châtel, 91297 Arpajon, France
| | - B Villette
- CEA/DAM/DIF, Bruyères le Châtel, 91297 Arpajon, France
| | - B Emprin
- CEA/DAM/DIF, Bruyères le Châtel, 91297 Arpajon, France
| | - G Oudot
- CEA/DAM/DIF, Bruyères le Châtel, 91297 Arpajon, France
| | - V Tassin
- CEA/DAM/DIF, Bruyères le Châtel, 91297 Arpajon, France
| | - F Bridou
- Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d'Optique, CNRS, University Paris-Sud, 2, Avenue Augustin Fresnel, RD128, 91127 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - F Delmotte
- Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d'Optique, CNRS, University Paris-Sud, 2, Avenue Augustin Fresnel, RD128, 91127 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - M Krumrey
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Weaver JL, Busquet M, Colombant DG, Mostovych AN, Feldman U, Klapisch M, Seely JF, Brown C, Holland G. Experimental benchmark for an improved simulation of absolute soft-x-ray emission from polystyrene targets irradiated with the Nike laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:045002. [PMID: 15783564 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.045002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Absolutely calibrated, time-resolved spectral intensity measurements of soft-x-ray emission (hnu approximately 0.1-1.0 keV) from laser-irradiated polystyrene targets are compared to radiation-hydrodynamic simulations that include our new postprocessor, Virtual Spectro. This new capability allows a unified, detailed treatment of atomic physics and radiative transfer in nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium conditions for simple spectra from low-Z materials as well as complex spectra from high-Z materials. The excellent agreement (within a factor of approximately 1.5) demonstrates the powerful predictive capability of the codes for the complex conditions in the ablating plasma. A comparison to data with high spectral resolution (E/deltaE approximately 1000) emphasizes the importance of including radiation coupling in the quantitative simulation of emission spectra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Weaver
- Plasma Physics Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Riley D, Weaver I, McSherry D, Dunne M, Neely D, Notley M, Nardi E. Direct observation of strong coupling in a dense plasma. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2002; 66:046408. [PMID: 12443331 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.66.046408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2001] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present differential x-ray scattering cross sections for a radiatively heated plasma showing overall consistency, in both form and absolute value, with theoretical simulations. In particular, the evolution of the plasma from a strongly coupled high density phase to a lower density weakly coupled phase is quite clearly shown in both experiment and simulation. The success of this experiment shows that x-ray scattering has the potential to become an extremely useful diagnostic technique for dense plasma physics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Riley
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, University Road, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Seely JF, Holland GE, Boehly T, Pien G, Bradley D. Uniformity of the Soft-X-Ray Emissions from Gold Foils Irradiated by OMEGA Laser Beams Determined by a Two-Mirror Normal-Incidence Microscope with Multilayer Coatings. APPLIED OPTICS 1998; 37:1140-1145. [PMID: 18268696 DOI: 10.1364/ao.37.001140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A two-mirror normal-incidence microscope with multilayer coatings was used to image the soft-x-ray emissions from planar foils irradiated by OMEGA laser beams. The bandpass of the multilayer coatings was centered at a wavelength of 48.3 ? (257-eV energy) and was 0.5 ? wide. Five overlapping OMEGA beams, without beam smoothing, were typically incident on the gold foils. The total energy was 1500 J, and the focused intensity was 6 x 10(13) W cm(-2). The 5.8x magnified images were recorded by a gated framing camera at various times during the 3-ns laser pulse. A pinhole camera imaged the x-ray emission in the energy range of >2 keV. On a spatial scale of 10 mum, it was found that the soft-x-ray images at 257 eV were quite uniform and featureless. In contrast, the hard-x-ray images in the energy range of >2 keV were highly nonuniform with numerous features of size 150 mum.
Collapse
|
5
|
Perry TS, Springer PT, Fields DF, Bach DR, Serduke FJ, Iglesias CA, Rogers FJ, Nash JK, Chen MH, Wilson BG, Goldstein WH, Rozsynai B, Ward RA, Kilkenny JD, Doyas R, Back CA, Cauble R, Davidson SJ, Foster JM, Smith CC, Bar-Shalom A, Lee RW. Absorption experiments on x-ray-heated mid-Z constrained samples. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1996; 54:5617-5631. [PMID: 9965749 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.54.5617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
6
|
Bauer JD, Back CA, Castor JI, Dykema PG, Hammel BA, Lee RW, Nash JK, Seely JF, Feldman U, Brown CM. Simulation and analysis of an x-ray-heated boron nitride foil. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1995; 52:6736-6752. [PMID: 9964189 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.52.6736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
7
|
Bar-Shalom A, Oreg J, Seely JF, Feldman U, Brown CM, Hammel BA, Lee RW, Back CA. Interpretation of hot and dense absorption spectra of a near-local-thermodynamic-equilibrium plasma by the super-transition-array method. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1995; 52:6686-6691. [PMID: 9964185 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.52.6686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
8
|
Eidmann K, Földes IB, Löwer T, Massen J, Sigel R, Tsakiris GD, Witkowski S, Nishimura H, Kato Y, Endo T, Shiraga H, Takagi M, Nakai S. Radiative heating of low-Z solid foils by laser-generated x rays. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1995; 52:6703-6716. [PMID: 9964187 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.52.6703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
9
|
Moreno JC, Back CA, Cauble RC, Koch JA, Lee RW. Time-resolved density measurements of x-ray-heated Teflon foils using absorption spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1995; 51:4897-4900. [PMID: 9963202 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.51.4897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
|
10
|
Bennett GR, Wark JS, Heading DJ, Woolsey NC, He H, Cauble R, Lee RW, Young P. Production of strongly coupled plasmas by the laser irradiation of thin metallic films confined within micrometer-scale gaps by transparent insulators. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1994; 50:3935-3942. [PMID: 9962448 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.50.3935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
|
11
|
Edwards J, Dunne M, Taylor R, Willi O, Back CA, Rose SJ. Experimental measurement of the dynamics of foil targets under the impact of intense pulses of soft x radiation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 71:3477-3480. [PMID: 10054987 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.3477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|