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Lin K, Chen X, Eckart S, Jiang H, Hartung A, Trabert D, Fehre K, Rist J, Schmidt LPH, Schöffler MS, Jahnke T, Kunitski M, He F, Dörner R. Magnetic-Field Effect as a Tool to Investigate Electron Correlation in Strong-Field Ionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:113201. [PMID: 35363023 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.113201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the magnetic component of the driving electromagnetic field is often neglected when investigating light-matter interaction. We show that the magnetic component of the light field plays an important role in nonsequential double ionization, which serves as a powerful tool to investigate electron correlation. We investigate the magnetic-field effects in double ionization of xenon atoms driven by near-infrared ultrashort femtosecond laser pulses and find that the mean forward shift of the electron momentum distribution in light-propagation direction agrees well with the classical prediction, where no under-barrier or recollisional nondipole enhancement is observed. By extending classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations beyond the dipole approximation, we reveal that double ionization proceeds via recollision-induced doubly excited states, followed by subsequent sequential over-barrier field ionization of the two electrons. In agreement with this model, the binding energies do not lead to an additional nondipole forward shift of the electrons. Our findings provide a new method to study electron correlation by exploiting the effect of the magnetic component of the electromagnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Lin
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center for IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Baoshan Science and Technology Committee, Shanghai 200940, China
| | - Sebastian Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Hui Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center for IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Alexander Hartung
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Daniel Trabert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Kilian Fehre
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Jonas Rist
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Lothar Ph H Schmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Markus S Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | | | - Maksim Kunitski
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Feng He
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Collaborative Innovation Center for IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Reinhard Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
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Das R, Pandey DK, Nimma V, P M, Bhardwaj P, Chandravanshi P, Shameem K M M, Singh DK, Kushawaha RK. Strong-field ionization of polyatomic molecules: ultrafast H atom migration and bond formation in the photodissociation of CH 3OH. Faraday Discuss 2021; 228:432-450. [PMID: 33576353 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00129e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Strong-field ionization induces various complex phenomena like bond breaking, intramolecular hydrogen migration, and bond association in polyatomic molecules. The H-atom migration and bond formation in CH3OH induced by intense femtosecond laser pulses are investigated using a Velocity Map Imaging (VMI) spectrometer. Various laser parameters like intensity (1.5 × 1013 W cm-2-12.5 × 1013 W cm-2), pulse duration (29 fs and 195 fs), wavelength (800 nm and 1300 nm), and polarization (linear and circular) can serve as a quantum control for hydrogen migration and the yield of Hn+ (n = 1-3) ions which have been observed in this study. Further, in order to understand the ejection mechanism of the hydrogen molecular ions H2+ and H3+ from singly-ionized CH3OH, quantum chemical calculations were employed. The dissociation processes of CH3OH+ occurring by four dissociative channels to form CHO+ + H3, H3+ + CHO, CH2+ + H2O, and H2O+ + CH2 are studied. Using the combined approach of experiments and theory, we have successfully explained the mechanism of intramolecular hydrogen migration and predicted the dissociative channels of singly-ionized CH3OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Das
- Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India. and Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Deepak K Pandey
- Department of Physics, Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management, Ahmedabad, 380026, India
| | | | - Madhusudhan P
- Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India. and Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Pranav Bhardwaj
- Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India. and Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | | | | | - Dheeraj K Singh
- Department of Physics, Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management, Ahmedabad, 380026, India
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Wu D, Li Q, Wang J, Guo F, Chen J, Yang Y. Double ionization of hydrogen molecules in a high-intensity linearly polarized laser pulse. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.138214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Chen Z, Wen H, Liu F, Morishita T, Zatsarinny O, Bartschat K. Intensity dependence in nonsequential double ionization of helium. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:6490-6504. [PMID: 32225895 DOI: 10.1364/oe.386971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Using the quantitative rescattering model, we simulate the correlated two-electron momentum distributions for nonsequential double ionization of helium by 800 nm laser pulses at intensities in the range of (2 - 15) × 1014 W/cm2. The experimentally observed V-shaped structure at high intensities [A. Rudenko et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 263003 (2007)] is attributed to the strong forward scattering in laser-induced recollision excitation and the asymmetric momentum distribution of electrons that are tunneling-ionized from the excited states. The final-state electron repulsion also plays an important role in forming the V-shaped structure.
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Yu WW, Ben S, Ji L, Liu YS, Guo J, Liu XS. Enhancement of nonsequential double ionization in counter-rotating two-color circularly polarized laser fields. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Pei M, Yang Y, Zhang J, Sun Z. Dehydrogenation involved Coulomb explosion of molecular C 2 H 4 FBr in an intense laser field. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Albeck Y, Kandhasamy DM, Strasser D. Multiple Detachment of the SF6– Molecular Anion with Shaped Intense Laser Pulses. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:388-95. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4116436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yishai Albeck
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Daniel Strasser
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
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Sun S, Yang Y, Zhang J, Wu H, Chen Y, Zhang S, Jia T, Wang Z, Sun Z. Ejection of triatomic molecular ion from methyl chloride in an intense femtosecond laser field. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Fu LB, Xin GG, Ye DF, Liu J. Recollision dynamics and phase diagram for nonsequential double ionization with circularly polarized laser fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:103601. [PMID: 22463407 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.103601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A semiclassical quasistatic model is used to investigate the recollision dynamics in circularly polarized laser fields. A velocity window for recollision to occur is found. Only when the return electron's orbits are irregular does significant double ionization take place. The model reproduces the experimental results for magnesium and explains the apparently conflicting experimental results in terms of an analytical formula that demarcates the phase diagram for the nonsequential double ionization in circularly polarized laser fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Fu
- National Laboratory of Science and Technology on Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
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Yang Y, Fan L, Sun S, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhang S, Jia T, Sun Z. Dissociative double ionization of 1-bromo-2-chloroethane irradiated by an intense femtosecond laser field. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:064303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3620176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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11
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Chen Z, Liang Y, Lin CD. Quantum theory of recollisional (e, 2e) process in strong field nonsequential double ionization of helium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:253201. [PMID: 20867374 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.253201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Based on the full quantal recollision model and field-free electron impact ionization theory, we calculate the correlated momentum spectra of the two outgoing electrons in strong field nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) of helium to compare with recent experiments. By analyzing the relative strength of binary versus recoil collisions exhibited in the photoelectron spectra, we confirm that the observed fingerlike structure in the experiment is a consequence of the Coulomb interaction between the two emitted electrons. Our result supports the recollision mechanism of strong field NSDI at the most fundamental level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjin Chen
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-2604, USA
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12
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Palaniyappan S, Mitchell R, Sauer R, Ghebregziabher I, White SL, Decamp MF, Walker BC. Ionization of methane in strong and ultrastrong relativistic fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:183001. [PMID: 18518368 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.183001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The photoionization of methane is reported for intensities up to 10(19) W/cm2 with linear and circular polarized light. While fragmental ions (e.g., CH3+, CH+, C+, C2+) created from 10(14) W/cm2 to 10(15) W/cm2 are formed by Coulomb explosion, ionization to form C3+ and C4+ involves Coulomb explosion and tunneling ionization. In ultrastrong fields, removal of a carbon K-shell electron from methane proceeds via tunneling and rescattering ionization, without the influence of molecular channels. Photoelectrons from methane at 10(19) W/cm2 extend up to kinetic energies of 0.6 MeV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasi Palaniyappan
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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Williams ID, McKenna J, Wood J, Suresh M, Bryan WA, Stebbings SL, English EML, Calvert CR, Srigengan B, Divall EJ, Hooker CJ, Langley AJ, Newell WR. Excited ions in intense femtosecond laser pulses: laser-induced recombination. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:173002. [PMID: 17995325 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.173002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Electron-ion recombination in a laser-induced electron recollision is of fundamental importance as the underlying mechanism responsible for the generation of high-harmonic radiation and hence for the production of attosecond pulse trains in the extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray spectral regions. By using an ion beam target, remotely prepared to be partially in long-lived excited states, the recombination process has for the first time been directly observed and studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- I D Williams
- Department of Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom.
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Double ionization of C2H4 and C2H6 molecules irradiated by an intense femtosecond laser field. Chem Phys Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.01.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Rudati J, Chaloupka JL, Agostini P, Kulander KC, DiMauro LF. Multiphoton double ionization via field-independent resonant excitation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:203001. [PMID: 15169346 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.203001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The double ionization of xenon in the multiphoton regime has been studied at two wavelengths (0.77 and 0.79 microm) using an electron-ion coincidence technique and an intensity binned ion ratio method. Sharp resonant structures in the electron energy distribution correlated with the doubly charged ion, as well as a wavelength dependence of the Xe(2+)/Xe(+) ratio provides new insights. A mechanism involving the shelving of population in Rydberg states followed by excitation of a core electron is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rudati
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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Alnaser AS, Osipov T, Benis EP, Wech A, Shan B, Cocke CL, Tong XM, Lin CD. Rescattering double ionization of D2 and H2 by intense laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:163002. [PMID: 14611400 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.163002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have measured momentum spectra and branching ratios of charged ionic fragments emitted in the double ionization of D2 (and H2) molecules by short intense laser pulses. We find high-energy coincident D+ (and H+) ion pairs with kinetic energy releases between 8 and 19 eV which appear for linearly polarized light but are absent for circularly polarized light. The dependence on the polarization, the energy distributions of the ions, and the dependence on laser intensity of yield ratios lead us to interpret these ion pairs as due to a rescattering mechanism for the double ionization. A quantitative model is presented which accounts for the major features of the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Alnaser
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
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Chaloupka JL, Rudati J, Lafon R, Agostini P, Kulander KC, DiMauro LF. Observation of a transition in the dynamics of strong-field double ionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 90:033002. [PMID: 12570486 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.033002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The double ionization of argon and xenon in an intense laser field has been studied in detail using an electron-ion coincidence technique. The observed double ionization electron spectra in xenon show resonancelike structures here resolved for the first time. In argon, the featureless spectra are consistent with rescattering. This represents a clear transition in the dynamics of strong-field double ionization, analogous to the well-known transition between the tunneling and multiphoton regimes in single ionization.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Chaloupka
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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18
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Becker W, Lohr A, Kleber M. Light at the end of the tunnel: two- and three-step models in intense-field laser-atom physics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1088/1355-5111/7/3/017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Delone N, Krainov V. Tunneling and barrier-suppression ionization of atoms and ions in a laser radiation field. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.3367/ufnr.0168.199805c.0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Abstract
▪ Abstract The unprecedented high intensities made accessible by the development of ultrashort pulse laser systems have uncovered a host of new phenomena and changed the way that we think about atomic and molecular dynamics. We review these developments in the context of some of the basic models that have evolved to explain them. The successes and limitations of simple semiclassical models of strong-field atomic phenomena are discussed. Photodissociation dynamics have shown a rich complexity in strong fields—bond softening, above-threshold dissociation, coulomb explosion—which we review. The promise of the new laser systems in the field of coherent control of molecular dynamics is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Sheehy
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L. F. DiMauro
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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Reiss HR. Energetic electrons in strong-field ionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 54:R1765-R1768. [PMID: 9913759 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.r1765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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22
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Geltman S. Multiple ionization of argon atoms by intense laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 54:2489-2491. [PMID: 9913746 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.2489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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23
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Trappe C, Schütze M, Lüpke G, Kurz H. Nonresonant multiphoton double ionization of Ga and As probed by a picosecond double-pulse technique. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 53:4320-4325. [PMID: 9913404 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.4320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Zhang J. Excess photon ionization and harmonic generation through an autoionizing resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 52:4640-4646. [PMID: 9912803 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.52.4640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Geltman S. Strong-field ionization of helium in the independent-electron model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 52:2468-2471. [PMID: 9912515 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.52.2468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Lerner PB, Cohen JS. Formation of hot electrons in noble gases by intense-field ionization: A quasistatic tunneling, independent-electron model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 51:1464-1470. [PMID: 9911732 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.51.1464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Kulander KC, Cooper J, Schafer KJ. Laser-assisted inelastic rescattering during above-threshold ionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 51:561-568. [PMID: 9911615 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.51.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Becker A, Faisal FH. Correlated Keldysh-Faisal-Reiss theory of above-threshold double ionization of He in intense laser fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:3256-3264. [PMID: 9911272 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.3256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Charalambidis D, Lambropoulos P, Schröder H, Faucher O, Xu H, Wagner M, Fotakis C. Settling a long-standing question on strong-field double ionization. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:R2822-R2825. [PMID: 9911321 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.r2822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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30
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Walker B, Sheehy B, DiMauro LF, Agostini P, Schafer KJ, Kulander KC. Precision measurement of strong field double ionization of helium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 73:1227-1230. [PMID: 10057657 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.73.1227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Trainham R, Muller HG. Multiphoton ionization of magnesium via an autoionizing state. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:1593-1606. [PMID: 9911053 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.1593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Haan SL, Grobe R, Eberly JH. Numerical study of autoionizing states in completely correlated two-electron systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:378-391. [PMID: 9910905 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Paulus GG, Nicklich W, Xu H, Lambropoulos P, Walther H. Plateau in above threshold ionization spectra. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 72:2851-2854. [PMID: 10056001 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.2851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Fittinghoff DN, Bolton PR, Chang B, Kulander KC. Polarization dependence of tunneling ionization of helium and neon by 120-fs pulses at 614 nm. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 49:2174-2177. [PMID: 9910469 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.49.2174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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