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Lenz K, Narkowicz R, Wagner K, Reiche CF, Körner J, Schneider T, Kákay A, Schultheiss H, Weissker U, Wolf D, Suter D, Büchner B, Fassbender J, Mühl T, Lindner J. Magnetization Dynamics of an Individual Single-Crystalline Fe-Filled Carbon Nanotube. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1904315. [PMID: 31709700 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201904315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The magnetization dynamics of individual Fe-filled multiwall carbon-nanotubes (FeCNT), grown by chemical vapor deposition, are investigated by microresonator ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and Brillouin light scattering (BLS) microscopy and corroborated by micromagnetic simulations. Currently, only static magnetometry measurements are available. They suggest that the FeCNTs consist of a single-crystalline Fe nanowire throughout the length. The number and structure of the FMR lines and the abrupt decay of the spin-wave transport seen in BLS indicate, however, that the Fe filling is not a single straight piece along the length. Therefore, a stepwise cutting procedure is applied in order to investigate the evolution of the ferromagnetic resonance lines as a function of the nanowire length. The results show that the FeCNT is indeed not homogeneous along the full length but is built from 300 to 400 nm long single-crystalline segments. These segments consist of magnetically high quality Fe nanowires with almost the bulk values of Fe and with a similar small damping in relation to thin films, promoting FeCNTs as appealing candidates for spin-wave transport in magnonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian Lenz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ryszard Narkowicz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kai Wagner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christopher F Reiche
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia Körner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias Schneider
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Chemnitz, Institute of Physics, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Attila Kákay
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Helmut Schultheiss
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Physics of Solids, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 16, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uhland Weissker
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Transfer Office, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 9, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Wolf
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dieter Suter
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bernd Büchner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Physics of Solids, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 16, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Transport and Devices of Emergent Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Fassbender
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Physics of Solids, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 16, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Mühl
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Transport and Devices of Emergent Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lindner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
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Luo GY, Lin JG, Chiang WC, Chang CR. Spin pump and probe in lanthanum strontium manganite/platinum bilayers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6612. [PMID: 28747739 PMCID: PMC5529535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06861-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferromagnetic resonance driven spin pumping (FMR-SP) is a novel method to transfer spin current from the ferromagnetic (FM) layer into the adjacent normal metal (NM) layer in an FM/NM bilayer system. Consequently, the spin current could be probed in NM layer via inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE). In spite of numerous ISHE studies on FM/Pt bilayers, La0.7Sr0.3MnO3(LSMO)/Pt system has been less explored and its relevant information about interface property (characterized by spin mixing conductance) and spin-charge conversion efficiency (characterized by spin Hall angle) is a matter of importance for the possible applications of spintronic devices. In this work, the technique of FMR-SP has been applied on two series of LSMO/Pt bilayers with the thickness of each layer being varied. The thickness dependences of ISHE voltage allow to extract the values of spin mixing conductance and spin Hall angle of LSMO/Pt bilayers, which are (1.8 ± 0.4) × 1019 m−2 and (1.2 ± 0.1) % respectively. In comparison with other FM/Pt systems, LSMO/Pt has comparable spin current density and spin mixing conductance, regardless its distinct electronic structure from other ferromagnetic metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Y Luo
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - J G Lin
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chung Chiang
- Department of Optoelectric Physics, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 11114, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Ray Chang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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Chariaou M, Rahn-Lee L, Kind J, García-Rubio I, Komeili A, Gehring AU. Anisotropy of bullet-shaped magnetite nanoparticles in the magnetotactic bacteria Desulfovibrio magneticus sp. Strain RS-1. Biophys J 2016; 108:1268-74. [PMID: 25762338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) build magnetic nanoparticles in chain configuration to generate a permanent dipole in their cells as a tool to sense the Earth's magnetic field for navigation toward favorable habitats. The majority of known MTB align their nanoparticles along the magnetic easy axes so that the directions of the uniaxial symmetry and of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy coincide. Desulfovibrio magneticus sp. strain RS-1 forms bullet-shaped magnetite nanoparticles aligned along their (100) magnetocrystalline hard axis, a configuration energetically unfavorable for formation of strong dipoles. We used ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantitatively determine the magnetocrystalline and uniaxial anisotropy fields of the magnetic assemblies as indicators for a cellular dipole with stable direction in strain RS-1. Experimental and simulated ferromagnetic resonance spectral data indicate that the negative effect of the configuration is balanced by the bullet-shaped morphology of the nanoparticles, which generates a pronounced uniaxial anisotropy field in each magnetosome. The quantitative comparison with anisotropy fields of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense, a model MTB with equidimensional magnetite particles aligned along their (111) magnetic easy axes in well-organized chain assemblies, shows that the effectiveness of the dipole is similar to that in RS-1. From a physical perspective, this could be a reason for the persistency of bullet-shaped magnetosomes during the evolutionary development of magnetotaxis in MTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Chariaou
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Lilah Rahn-Lee
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Jessica Kind
- Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Inés García-Rubio
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Arash Komeili
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California
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Grois A, Devillers T, Li T, Bonanni A. Planar array of self-assembled GaxFe4-xN nanocrystals in GaN: magnetic anisotropy determined via ferromagnetic resonance. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:395704. [PMID: 25201242 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/39/395704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic anisotropy of a planar array of GaxFe(4 - x)N nanocrystals (NCs) embedded in a GaN host is studied by ferromagnetic resonance. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy are employed to determine the phase and distribution of the nanocrystals. The magnetic anisotropy is found to be primarily uniaxial with the hard axis normal to the NCs plane and to have a comparably weak in-plane hexagonal symmetry. The origin of the magnetic anisotropy is discussed taking into consideration the morphology of the nanocrystals, the epitaxial relations, strain effects and magnetic coupling between the NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Grois
- Institut für Halbleiter-und-Festkörperphysik, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstr. 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
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Luo GY, Chang CR, Lin JG. Influence of damping constant on inverse spin hall voltage of La 0.7Sr 0.3MnO 3(x)/platinum bilayers. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 2014; 115:17C508. [PMID: 24753635 PMCID: PMC3977888 DOI: 10.1063/1.4863485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pure spin transport via spin pumping in the condition of ferromagnetic resonance can be transformed to charge current in the ferromagnetic/paramagnetic bilayer systems, based on inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE). Here, we explore La0.7Sr0.3MnO(x)/Pt(5.5 nm) [x = 10 to 65 nm] bilayers to investigate the influence of damping constant on spin pumping efficiency. The results show that the ISHE voltage depend on the damping constant of magnetic moment, suggesting that the precession energy tansferred to lattice/electron of normal metal is a key parameter to control the magnitude of spin current.
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