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Würdemann R, Kristoffersen HH, Moseler M, Walter M. Density functional theory and chromium: Insights from the dimers. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:124316. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4915265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Würdemann
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Henrik H. Kristoffersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Moseler
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer IWM, Wöhlerstrasse 11, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Herrmann-Herder-Straße 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Walter
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer IWM, Wöhlerstrasse 11, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany
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Lagoute J, Kawahara SL, Chacon C, Repain V, Girard Y, Rousset S. Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy study of chromium on a Cr(001) surface. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:045007. [PMID: 21406881 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/4/045007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Several tens of chromium layers were deposited at 250 °C on a Cr(001) surface and investigated by spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). Chromium is found to grow with a mound-like morphology resulting from the stacking of several monolayers which do not uniformly cover the whole surface of the substrate. The terminal plane consists of an irregular array of Cr islands with lateral sizes smaller than 20 × 20 nm(2). Combined AES and STS measurements reveal the presence of a significant amount of segregants prior to and after deposition. A detailed investigation of the surface shows that it consists of two types of patches. Thanks to STS measurements, the two types of area have been identified as being either chromium pure or segregant rich. SP-STM experiments have evidenced that the antiferromagnetic layer coupling remains in the chromium mounds after deposition and is not significantly affected by the presence of the segregants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lagoute
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot et CNRS, UMR 7162, Case courrier 7021, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.
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Ishida N, Subagyo A, Ikeuchi A, Sueoka K. Holders for in situ treatments of scanning tunneling microscopy tips. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2009; 80:093703. [PMID: 19791940 DOI: 10.1063/1.3223974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have developed holders for scanning tunneling microscopy tips that can be used for in situ treatments of the tips, such as electron bombardment (EB) heating, ion sputtering, and the coating of magnetic materials. The holders can be readily installed into the transfer paths and do not require any special type of base stages. Scanning electron microscopy is used to characterize the tip apex after EB heating. Also, spin-polarized scanning tunneling spectroscopy using an Fe coated W tip on the Cr(001) single crystal surface is performed in order to confirm both the capability of heating a tip up to about 2200 K and the spin sensitivity of the magnetically coated tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Ishida
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Kita-14, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan
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Kawagoe T, Iguchi Y, Miyamachi T, Yamasaki A, Suga S. Spiral terraces and spin frustration in layered antiferromagnetic Cr(001) films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:207205. [PMID: 16384095 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.207205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We have successfully fabricated a novel type of high-density spiral terraces on Cr(001) films. The influence of nanoscale spiral terraces on layered antiferromagnetic ordering of Cr(001) films has been studied at room temperature by direct imaging of both topographic and magnetic structures using spin-polarized scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Spin frustration and asymmetric magnetic ordering due to dense spiral terraces are observed. Sizable modification of the layered antiferromagnetic order is found to be originating from the topological asymmetry as confirmed by the continuum micromagnetic simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kawagoe
- Division of Natural Science, Osaka Kyoiku University, Osaka 582-8582, Japan
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Kubetzka A, Ferriani P, Bode M, Heinze S, Bihlmayer G, von Bergmann K, Pietzsch O, Blügel S, Wiesendanger R. Revealing antiferromagnetic order of the Fe monolayer on W(001): spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and first-principles calculations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:087204. [PMID: 15783926 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.087204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We prove that the magnetic ground state of a single monolayer Fe on W(001) is c(2x2) antiferromagnetic, i.e., a checkerboard arrangement of antiparallel magnetic moments. Real space images of this magnetic structure have been obtained with spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. An out-of-plane easy magnetization axis is concluded from measurements in an external magnetic field. The magnetic ground state and anisotropy axis are explained based on first-principles calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kubetzka
- Institute of Applied Physics and Microstructure Research Center, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
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Kleiber M, Bode M, Ravlic R, Wiesendanger R. Topology-induced spin frustrations at the Cr(001) surface studied by spin-polarized scanning tunneling spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:4606-4609. [PMID: 11082607 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.4606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic structure of the Cr(001) surface was investigated by spin-polarized scanning tunneling spectroscopy by making use of the spin-polarized surface state located close to the Fermi level. Periodic alternations of the intensity of the surface state peak in local tunneling spectra measured above different ferromagnetic terraces separated by monatomic steps confirm the topological antiferromagnetic order of the Cr(001) surface. Screw dislocations cause topology-induced spin frustration, leading to the formation of domain walls with a width of about 120 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kleiber
- Institute of Applied Physics and Microstructure Research Center, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
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Smirnov AV, Bratkovsky AM. Step-induced unusual magnetic properties of ultrathin Co/Cu films: Ab initio study. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:R17371-R17374. [PMID: 9985960 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.r17371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Pizzagalli L, Stoeffler D, Gautier F. Magnetism of 3d transition-metal monolayers and two-dimensional Cr clusters deposited on Fe(001). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:12216-12224. [PMID: 9985083 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Vega A, Demangeat C, Dreyssé H, Chouairi A. Possibility of various magnetic configurations in the Cr (Fe) monolayer deposited on vicinal surfaces of Fe (Cr). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:11546-11554. [PMID: 9977888 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.11546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Vega A, Balbas LC, Chouairi A, Demangeat C, Dreyssé H. Topological antiferromagnetism at Cr surfaces and interfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:12797-12800. [PMID: 10010184 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Allan G. Electronic structure of an antiferromagnetic chromium layer adsorbed on the (001) silver surface. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:13641-13644. [PMID: 9999568 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.13641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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König U, Blügel S, Hörmandinger G, Weinberger P. Calculation of spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectra from Pd(100) coated with a monolayer of a magnetic 3d metal, Cr or Mn: Comparison between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic configurations. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:14434-14440. [PMID: 9997334 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.14434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Knieriem ML, Klebanoff LE. Persistence of atomic magnetism in the paramagnetic phase of chromium. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:11668-11675. [PMID: 9996937 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.11668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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König U, Blügel S, Redinger J, Weinberger P. Calculation of spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectra from Pd(100) coated with a monolayer of a magnetic 3d metal: Fe, Co, and Ni. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:1954-1968. [PMID: 9997464 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Wiesendanger R, Güntherodt H, Güntherodt G, Gambino RJ, Ruf R. Observation of vacuum tunneling of spin-polarized electrons with the scanning tunneling microscope. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1990; 65:247-250. [PMID: 10042590 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.65.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Muoz MC, Sancho MP. Electronic-structure calculations of the Cr/GaAs(001) interface. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:8412-8419. [PMID: 9993166 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.8412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Wiesendanger R, G�ntherodt HJ, G�ntherodt G, Gambino RJ, Ruf R. Scanning tunneling microscopy with spin-polarized electrons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01390646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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