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Maibach J, Rizell J, Matic A, Mozhzhukhina N. Toward Operando Characterization of Interphases in Batteries. ACS Mater Lett 2023; 5:2431-2444. [PMID: 37680543 PMCID: PMC10482148 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrode/electrolyte interfaces are the most important and least understood components of Li-ion and next-generation batteries. An improved understanding of interphases in batteries will undoubtedly lead to breakthroughs in the field. Traditionally, evaluating those interphases involves using ex situ surface sensitive and/or imaging techniques. Due to their very dynamic and reactive nature, ex situ sample manipulation is undesirable. From this point of view, operando surface sensitive techniques represent a major opportunity to push boundaries in battery development. While numerous bulk spectroscopic, scattering, and imaging techniques are well established and widely used, surface sensitive operando techniques remain challenging and, to a larger extent, restricted to the model systems. Here, we give a perspective on techniques with the potential to characterize solid/liquid interfaces in both model and realistic battery configurations. The focus is on techniques that provide chemical and structural information at length and time scales relevant for the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and evolution, while also probing representative electrode areas. We highlight the following techniques: vibrational spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), neutron and X-ray reflectometry, and grazing incidence scattering techniques. Comprehensive overviews, as well as promises and challenges, of these techniques when used operando on battery interphases are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Maibach
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Josef Rizell
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Aleksandar Matic
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Nataliia Mozhzhukhina
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
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Abstract
We will review structures and dynamics of electrode interfaces studied in situ using x-ray scattering and imaging techniques. The examples cover single-crystal and nanocrystal structures relevant to electrocatalytic activities, anodic oxidation and corrosion, aqueous dissolution reactions, surface reconstructions, and surface modifications by under potential deposition. The x-ray techniques include the widely used traditional surface x-ray scattering, such as crystal truncation rods and x-ray reflectivity, as well as recently developed resonance surface scattering, coherent surface x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy, coherent x-ray Bragg diffraction imaging, and surface ptychography. Results relevant to various electrochemical phenomena will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoydoo You
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave. Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
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Itkis DM, Velasco-Velez JJ, Knop-Gericke A, Vyalikh A, Avdeev MV, Yashina LV. Probing Operating Electrochemical Interfaces by Photons and Neutrons. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniil M. Itkis
- Department of Chemistry; Moscow State University; Leninskie gory 1 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Juan Jesus Velasco-Velez
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion; Stiftstrasse 34-36 Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470 Germany
| | - Axel Knop-Gericke
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Faradayweg 4-6 Berlin 1495 Germany
| | - Anastasia Vyalikh
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik; Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg; Leipziger Str. 23, EG02 Freiberg 09599 Germany
| | - Mikhail V. Avdeev
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research; Joliot-Curie str. 6 Dubna, Moscow reg. 141980 Russia
| | - Lada V. Yashina
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Moscow State University; Leninskie gory 1 Moscow 119991 Russia
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Kim DH, Kim SS, Lee HH, Jang HW, Kim JW, Tang M, Liang KS, Sinha SK, Noh DY. Oxidation Kinetics in Iron and Stainless Steel: An in Situ X-ray Reflectivity Study. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0479062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. H. Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (K-JIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea, Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Taiwan, and Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093
| | - S. S. Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (K-JIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea, Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Taiwan, and Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093
| | - H. H. Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (K-JIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea, Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Taiwan, and Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093
| | - H. W. Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (K-JIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea, Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Taiwan, and Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093
| | - J. W. Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (K-JIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea, Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Taiwan, and Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093
| | - M. Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (K-JIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea, Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Taiwan, and Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093
| | - K. S. Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (K-JIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea, Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Taiwan, and Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093
| | - S. K. Sinha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (K-JIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea, Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Taiwan, and Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093
| | - D. Y. Noh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (K-JIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea, Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, Taiwan, and Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093
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