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Kulik LV, Zhuravlev AS, Musina LI, Belozerov EI, Van'kov AB, Volkov OV, Zagitova AA, Kukushkin IV, Umansky VY. Laughlin anyon complexes with Bose properties. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6477. [PMID: 34753935 PMCID: PMC8578557 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26873-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional electron systems in a quantizing magnetic field are regarded as of exceptional interest, considering the possible role of anyons—quasiparticles with non-boson and non-fermion statistics—in applied physics. To this day, essentially none but the fractional states of the quantum Hall effect (FQHE) have been experimentally realized as a system with anyonic statistics. In determining the thermodynamic properties of anyon matter, it is crucial to gain insight into the physics of its neutral excitations. We form a macroscopic quasi-equilibrium ensemble of neutral excitations - spin one anyon complexes in the Laughlin state ν = 1/3, experimentally, where ν is the electron filling factor. The ensemble is found to have such a long lifetime that it can be considered the new state of anyon matter. The properties of this state are investigated by optical techniques to reveal its Bose properties. The microscopic nature of neutral collective excitation of the fractional quantum Hall state is still debated. Here the authors show that a macroscopic ensemble of neutral excitations in the 1/3 state exhibits properties of a Bose system with an exceptionally long coherence time.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Kulik
- Institute of Solid State Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Chernogolovka, Moscow District, 2 Academician Ossipyan Street, 142432, Russia.,National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, 101000, Russia
| | - A S Zhuravlev
- Institute of Solid State Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Chernogolovka, Moscow District, 2 Academician Ossipyan Street, 142432, Russia
| | - L I Musina
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russia. .,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, Moscow, 121205, Russia.
| | - E I Belozerov
- Institute of Solid State Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Chernogolovka, Moscow District, 2 Academician Ossipyan Street, 142432, Russia.,National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, 101000, Russia
| | - A B Van'kov
- Institute of Solid State Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Chernogolovka, Moscow District, 2 Academician Ossipyan Street, 142432, Russia.,National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 20 Myasnitskaya Street, 101000, Russia
| | - O V Volkov
- Institute of Solid State Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Chernogolovka, Moscow District, 2 Academician Ossipyan Street, 142432, Russia
| | - A A Zagitova
- Institute of Solid State Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Chernogolovka, Moscow District, 2 Academician Ossipyan Street, 142432, Russia
| | - I V Kukushkin
- Institute of Solid State Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Chernogolovka, Moscow District, 2 Academician Ossipyan Street, 142432, Russia
| | - V Y Umansky
- Braun Center for Submicron Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, POB 26, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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Krishtopenko SS. Magnetoplasmon excitations from integer-filled Landau levels in narrow-gap quantum wells. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:365602. [PMID: 23924637 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/36/365602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report a theoretical study on magnetoplasmon excitations in a perpendicular magnetic field in n-type narrow-gap quantum wells (QWs). Using the Hartree-Fock approximation based on the 8 × 8 k · p Hamiltonian, we calculate magnetoplasmon dispersions in symmetric and asymmetric InAs/AlSb QWs for the case of integer-filled Landau levels. We demonstrate a significant dependence of the shape of magnetoplasmon dispersions on the 2D electron concentration, as well as a nonlinear dependence of the magnetoplasmon energy on the wavevector at small values of k. Both effects are shown to result from strong mixing between the conduction (Γ6) and the valence (Γ7 and Γ8) bands. We find that cyclotron-resonance (CR) energies are affected by electron-electron interaction due to Kohn theorem violation and predict the interaction-induced enhancement of the CR line splitting in the case of even (Δg-splitting) and odd (Δm-splitting) filling factors for the Landau levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Krishtopenko
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
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Krishtopenko SS. Electron spin resonance and cyclotron resonance for fractional quantum Hall states in narrow-gap QW heterostructures. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:105601. [PMID: 23406894 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/10/105601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a theoretical study of the energies of cyclotron resonance (CR) and electron spin resonance (ESR) for fractional quantum Hall states (FQHS) in n-type narrow-gap quantum well (QW) heterostructures. Using the generalized single-mode approximation (GSMA) based on the 8-band k·p Hamiltonian, we calculate the many-body corrections to the CR and ESR energies for FQHS, providing theoretical evidence of the Kohn and Larmor theorem violation in narrow-gap QWs. We predict the correlation-induced reduction of CR energies and the correlation-induced enhancement of ESR energies as compared with the values obtained within the Hartree-Fock approximation. We demonstrate a nonlinear dependence of the CR and ESR energies on a Landau level filling factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Krishtopenko
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures RAS, GSP-105, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. ds
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Van'kov AB, Kulik LV, Dickmann S, Kukushkin IV, Kirpichev VE, Dietsche W, Schmult S. Cyclotron spin-flip excitations in a nu = 1/3 quantum Hall ferromagnet. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:206802. [PMID: 19519061 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.206802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inelastic light scattering spectroscopy discloses a novel type of cyclotron spin-flip excitation in a quantum Hall system around the nu = 1/3 filling. The excitation energy follows qualitatively the degree of electron spin polarization, reaching a maximum value at nu = 1/3. This characterizes the new excitation as a nu = 1/3 ferromagnet eigenmode. The mode energy exceeds drastically the theoretical prediction obtained within the renowned single-mode approximation. We develop a new theoretical approach where the basis set is extended by adding a double-exciton component representing the cyclotron magnetoplasmon and spin wave coupled together. This double-mode approximation, inferred to be responsible for substantially reducing the gap between theoretical and experimental results, shows that the cyclotron spin-flip excitation is effectively a four-particle state.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Van'kov
- Institute of Solid State Physics, RAS, Chernogolovka, 142432 Russia
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Van'kov AB, Kulik LV, Kukushkin IV, Kirpichev VE, Dickmann S, Zhilin VM, Smet JH, von Klitzing K, Wegscheider W. Low-magnetic-field divergence of the electronic g factor obtained from the cyclotron spin-flip mode of the nu=1 quantum Hall ferromagnet. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:246801. [PMID: 17280306 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.246801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We report an inelastic light scattering study of the cyclotron spin-flip mode in the two-dimensional electron system at filling nu=1. The energy of this mode can serve as a probe of the many-body exchange interaction on short length scales. Its magnetic field dependence is compared with predictions based on Hartree-Fock theory. They agree well when including the nonzero width of the electron system. From the measured energies, the exchange enhanced g factor is extracted. It diverges at small fields and differs largely from g factors obtained via transport activation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Van'kov
- Institute for Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
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Dujovne I, Pinczuk A, Kang M, Dennis BS, Pfeiffer LN, West KW. Evidence of Landau levels and interactions in low-lying excitations of composite fermions at 1/3<or= nu <or=2/5. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 90:036803. [PMID: 12570516 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.036803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Excitation modes in the range 2/5>or=nu>or=1/3 of the fractional quantum Hall regime are observed by resonant inelastic light scattering. Spectra of spin-reversed excitations suggest a structure of lowest spin-split Landau levels of composite fermions that is similar to that of electrons. Spin-flip energies determined from spectra reveal significant composite fermion interactions. The filling factor dependence of mode energies displays an abrupt change in the middle of the range when there is partial population of a composite fermion level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Dujovne
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Math, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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Kulik LV, Kukushkin IV, Kirpichev VE, v Klitzing K, Eberl K. Modification of the intersubband excitation spectrum in a two-dimensional electron system under a perpendicular magnetic field. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:1837-1840. [PMID: 11290261 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.1837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Under an external magnetic field, new branches of spin- and charge-density waves have been studied in a quasi-two-dimensional electron system whose ground state has more than one Landau level occupied by electrons. These collective excitations can be treated as manifestations of the multicomponent nature of the electron system in magnetic field, whereas the occupied Landau levels should be associated with degrees of freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Kulik
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart, Germany
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Mandal SS, Ravishankar V. Direct test of the composite-fermion model in quantum Hall systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:8699-8707. [PMID: 9984547 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.8699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Nakajima T, Aoki H. Manifestation of spin degrees of freedom in the double fractional quantum Hall system. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:7874-7877. [PMID: 9977374 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.7874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Pinczuk A, Dennis BS, Pfeiffer LN, West K. Observation of collective excitations in the fractional quantum Hall effect. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 70:3983-3986. [PMID: 10054015 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.70.3983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
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