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Adeva B, Afanasyev L, Anania A, Aogaki S, Benelli A, Brekhovskikh V, Cechak T, Chiba M, Chliapnikov PV, Doskarova P, Drijard D, Dudarev A, Dumitriu D, Fluerasu D, Gorin A, Gorchakov O, Gritsay K, Guaraldo C, Gugiu M, Hansroul M, Hons Z, Horikawa S, Iwashita Y, Karpukhin V, Kluson J, Kobayashi M, Kruglov V, Kruglova L, Kulikov A, Kulish E, Lamberto A, Lanaro A, Lednicky R, Mariñas C, Martincik J, Nemenov L, Nikitin M, Okada K, Olchevskii V, Ovsiannikov V, Pentia M, Penzo A, Plo M, Prusa P, Rappazzo GF, Romero Vidal A, Ryazantsev A, Rykalin V, Saborido J, Schacher J, Sidorov A, Smolik J, Takeutchi F, Trojek T, Trusov S, Urban T, Vrba T, Yazkov V, Yoshimura Y, Zrelov P. First Measurement of a Long-Lived π^{+}π^{-} Atom Lifetime. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:082003. [PMID: 30932583 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.082003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The adapted DIRAC experiment at the CERN PS accelerator observed for the first time long-lived hydrogenlike π^{+}π^{-} atoms, produced by protons hitting a beryllium target. A part of these atoms crossed the gap of 96 mm between the target and a 2.1 μm thick platinum foil, in which most of them dissociated. Analyzing the observed number of atomic pairs, n_{A}^{L}=436_{-61}^{+157}|_{tot}, the lifetime of the 2p state is found to be τ_{2p}=(0.45_{-0.30}^{+1.08}|_{tot})×10^{-11} s, not contradicting the corresponding QED 2p state lifetime τ_{2p}^{QED}=1.17×10^{-11} s. This lifetime value is three orders of magnitude larger than our previously measured value of the π^{+}π^{-} atom ground state lifetime τ=(3.15_{-0.26}^{+0.28}|_{tot})×10^{-15} s. Further studies of long-lived π^{+}π^{-} atoms will allow us to measure energy differences between p and s atomic states and so to discriminate between the isoscalar and isotensor ππ scattering lengths with the aim to check QCD predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Adeva
- Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - A Anania
- INFN, Sezione di Trieste and Messina University, Messina, Italy
| | - S Aogaki
- IFIN-HH, National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Benelli
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - T Cechak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Chiba
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - P Doskarova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - D Dumitriu
- IFIN-HH, National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
| | - D Fluerasu
- IFIN-HH, National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | | | - C Guaraldo
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - M Gugiu
- IFIN-HH, National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Z Hons
- Nuclear Physics Institute ASCR, Rez, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - J Kluson
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A Lamberto
- INFN, Sezione di Trieste and Messina University, Messina, Italy
| | - A Lanaro
- CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Institute of Physics ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - C Mariñas
- Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Martincik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L Nemenov
- JINR, Dubna, Russia
- CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - K Okada
- Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - M Pentia
- IFIN-HH, National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Penzo
- INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Plo
- Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - P Prusa
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - G F Rappazzo
- INFN, Sezione di Trieste and Messina University, Messina, Italy
| | - A Romero Vidal
- Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | - J Saborido
- Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Schacher
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, LHEP, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - J Smolik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - T Trojek
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Trusov
- Skobeltsin Institute for Nuclear Physics of Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Urban
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Vrba
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - V Yazkov
- Skobeltsin Institute for Nuclear Physics of Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Fontana A, Colombi A, Carretta P, Drago A, Esposito P, Gianotti P, Giusti C, Lonardoni D, Lovato A, Lucherini V, Pederiva F. Exotic atoms at extremely high magnetic fields: the case of neutron star atmosphere. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201818101018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of exotic states of matter in neutron stars (NSs) is currently an open issue in physics. The appearance of muons, kaons, hyperons, and other exotic particles in the inner regions of the NS, favoured by energetic considerations, is considered to be an effective mechanism to soften the equation of state (EoS). In the so-called two-families scenario, the softening of the EoS allows for NSs characterized by very small radii, which become unstable and convert into a quark stars (QSs). In the process of conversion of a NS into a QS material can be ablated by neutrinos from the surface of the star. Not only neutron-rich nuclei, but also more exotic material, such as hypernuclei or deconfined quarks, could be ejected into the atmosphere. In the NS atmosphere, atoms like H, He, and C should exist, and attempts to model the NS thermal emission taking into account their presence, with spectra modified by the extreme magnetic fields, have been done. However, exotic atoms, like muonic hydrogen (p μ−) or the so-called Sigmium (Σ+ e−), could also be present during the conversion process or in its immediate aftermath. At present, analytical expressions of the wave functions and eigenvalues for these atoms have been calculated only for H. In this work, we extend the existing solutions and parametrizations to the exotic atoms (p μ−) and (Σ+ e−), making some predictions on possible transitions. Their detection in the spectra of NS would provide experimental evidence for the existence of hyperons in the interior of these stars.
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