Exact soliton solutions and their stability control in the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with spatiotemporally modulated nonlinearity

Nano breathers and molecular dynamics simulations in hydrogen-bonded chains

Non-linear localization phenomena in biological lattices have attracted a steadily growing interest and their existence has been predicted in a wide range of physical settings. We investigate the non-linear proton dynamics of a hydrogen-bonded chain in a semi-classical limit using the coherent state method combined with a Holstein-Primakoff bosonic representation. We demonstrate that even a weak inherent discreteness in the hydrogen-bonded (HB) chain may drastically modify the dynamics of the non-linear system, leading to instabilities that have no analog in the continuum limit. We suggest a possible localization mechanism of polarization oscillations of protons in a hydrogen-bonded chain through modulational instability analysis. This mechanism arises due to the neighboring proton-proton interaction and coherent tunneling of protons along hydrogen bonds and/or around heavy atoms. We present a detailed analysis of modulational instability, and highlight the role of the interaction strength of neighboring protons in the process of bioenergy localization. We perform molecular dynamics simulations and demonstrate the existence of nanoscale discrete breather (DB) modes in the hydrogen-bonded chain. These highly localized and long-lived non-linear breather modes may play a functional role in targeted energy transfer in biological systems.

Vortex solitons in defocusing media with spatially inhomogeneous nonlinearity

The analytical two- and three-dimensional vortex solitons with arbitrary values of vorticity are constructed in the cubic defocusing media with spatially inhomogeneous nonlinearity. The values of the nonlinearity coefficients are zero near the center and increase rapidly toward the periphery. In addition to the analytical ones, a number of vortex solitons are found numerically. It is shown that analytical vortex solitons are stable. Also, the stability region of the numerically constructed vortex solitons are given.

Dynamics of kink-dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates with both two- and three-body interactions

The matter-wave solutions of Bose-Einstein condensates with three-body interaction are examined through the one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation. By using a modified lens-type transformation and a further extension of the tanh-function method we obtain the exact analytical solutions which describe the propagation of kink-shaped solitons, anti-kink-shaped solitons, and other families of solitary waves. We realize that the shape of a kink solitary wave depends on both the scattering length and the parameter of atomic exchange with the substrate. The stability of the solitary waves is examined using analytical and numerical methods. Our results can also be applied to nonlinear optics in the presence of cubic-quintic media.