Uniqueness of Landau-Lifshitz energy frame in relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics

Derivation of hydrodynamics from the Hamiltonian description of particle systems

Hamiltonian particle systems may exhibit nonlinear hydrodynamic phenomena as the time evolution of the density fields of energy, momentum, and mass. In this Letter, an exact equation describing the time evolution is derived assuming the local Gibbs distribution at initial time. The key concept in the derivation is an identity similar to the fluctuation theorems. The Navier-Stokes equation is obtained as a result of simple perturbation expansions in a small parameter that represents the scale separation.