Fluctuation analysis of the atmospheric energy cycle

Analytic form of a two-dimensional critical distribution

This paper explores the possibility of establishing an analytic form of the distribution of the order parameter fluctuations in a two-dimensional critical spin-wave model, or width fluctuations of a two-dimensional Edwards-Wilkinson interface. It is shown that the characteristic function of the distribution can be expressed exactly as a gamma function quotient, while a Charlier series, using the convolution of two Gumbel distributions as the kernel, converges to the exact result over a restricted domain. These results can also be extended to calculate the temperature dependence of the distribution and give an insight into the origin of Gumbel-like distributions in steady-state and equilibrium quantities that are not extreme values.