1
|
Oyola P, Gonzalez-Martin J, Garcia-Munoz M, Galdon-Quiroga J, Birkenmeier G, Viezzer E, Dominguez-Palacios J, Rueda-Rueda J, Rivero-Rodriguez JF, Todo Y. Implementation of synthetic fast-ion loss detector and imaging heavy ion beam probe diagnostics in the 3D hybrid kinetic-MHD code MEGA. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:043558. [PMID: 34243424 DOI: 10.1063/5.0043757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A synthetic fast-ion loss (FIL) detector and an imaging Heavy Ion Beam Probe (i-HIBP) have been implemented in the 3D hybrid kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic code MEGA. First synthetic measurements from these two diagnostics have been obtained for neutral beam injection-driven Alfvén Eigenmode (AE) simulated with MEGA. The synthetic FILs show a strong correlation with the AE amplitude. This correlation is observed in the phase-space, represented in coordinates (Pϕ, E), being toroidal canonical momentum and energy, respectively. FILs and the energy exchange diagrams of the confined population are connected with lines of constant E', a linear combination of E and Pϕ. First i-HIBP synthetic signals also have been computed for the simulated AE, showing displacements in the strike line of the order of ∼1 mm, above the expected resolution in the i-HIBP scintillator of ∼100 μm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Oyola
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | | | - M Garcia-Munoz
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - J Galdon-Quiroga
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Birkenmeier
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - E Viezzer
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - J Dominguez-Palacios
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - J Rueda-Rueda
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | | | - Y Todo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 509-5292 Toki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Energetic Particle Diagnostics in Present Tokamaks and Challenges Towards a Burning Plasma. JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10894-018-0206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
3
|
Rivero-Rodriguez JF, Garcia-Munoz M, Martin R, Galdon-Quiroga J, Ayllon-Guerola J, Akers RJ, Buchanan J, Croft D, Garcia-Vallejo D, Gonzalez-Martin J, Harvey D, McClements KG, Rodriguez-Ramos M, Sanchis L. A rotary and reciprocating scintillator based fast-ion loss detector for the MAST-U tokamak. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:10I112. [PMID: 30399654 DOI: 10.1063/1.5039311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The design and unique feature of the first fast-ion loss detector (FILD) for the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak - Upgrade (MAST-U) is presented here. The MAST-U FILD head is mounted on an axially and angularly actuated mechanism that makes it possible to independently adapt the orientation [0°, 90°] and radial position [1.40 m, 1.60 m] of the FILD head, i.e., its collimator, thus maximizing the detector velocity-space coverage in a broad range of plasma scenarios with different q95. The 3D geometry of the detector has been optimized to detect fast-ion losses from the neutral beam injectors. Orbit simulations are used to calculate the strike map and predict the expected signals. The results show a velocity-space range of [4 cm, 13 cm] in gyroradius and [30°, 85°] in pitch angle, covering the entire neutral beam ion energy range. The optical system will provide direct sight of the scintillator and simultaneous detection with two cameras, giving high spatial and temporal resolution. The MAST-U FILD will shed light on the dominant fast-ion transport mechanisms in one of the world's two largest spherical tokamaks through absolute measurements of fast-ion losses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F Rivero-Rodriguez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing, University of Seville, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - M Garcia-Munoz
- Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (CNA), Universidad de Sevilla, CSIC, Junta de Andalucia, Seville, Spain
| | - R Martin
- CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - J Galdon-Quiroga
- Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (CNA), Universidad de Sevilla, CSIC, Junta de Andalucia, Seville, Spain
| | - J Ayllon-Guerola
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing, University of Seville, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - R J Akers
- CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - J Buchanan
- CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - D Croft
- CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - D Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing, University of Seville, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - J Gonzalez-Martin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing, University of Seville, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - D Harvey
- CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - K G McClements
- CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - M Rodriguez-Ramos
- Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (CNA), Universidad de Sevilla, CSIC, Junta de Andalucia, Seville, Spain
| | - L Sanchis
- Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (CNA), Universidad de Sevilla, CSIC, Junta de Andalucia, Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Extended scintillator-based fast-ion loss diagnostic in the EAST. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
5
|
Hicks NK, Suttrop W, Behler K, García-Muñoz M, Giannone L, Maraschek M, Raupp G, Reich M, Sips ACC, Stober J, Treutterer W, Volpe F, Cirant S, D’Antona G. Fast Sampling Upgrade and Real-Time NTM Control Application of the ECE Radiometer on ASDEX Upgrade. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst57-1-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. K. Hicks
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W. Suttrop
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - K. Behler
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. García-Muñoz
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L. Giannone
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Maraschek
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G. Raupp
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Reich
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A. C. C. Sips
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J. Stober
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W. Treutterer
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F. Volpe
- Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S. Cirant
- Istituto di Fisica del Plasma Associazione EURATOM-ENEA-CNR, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - G. D’Antona
- Politecnico di Milano, Dip. di Elettrotecnica P.za L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Veshchev EA, Bertalot L, Putvinski S, Garcia-Munoz M, Lisgo SW, Pitcher CS, Pitts RA, Udintsev VS, Walsh M. Feasibility Study of Lost-Alpha-Particle Measurements by Probe Technique in ITER. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst12-a13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. A. Veshchev
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - L. Bertalot
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - S. Putvinski
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - M. Garcia-Munoz
- Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, Boltzmannstr. 2, Garching, D-85748, Germany
| | - S. W. Lisgo
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - C. S. Pitcher
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - R. A. Pitts
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - V. S. Udintsev
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - M. Walsh
- ITER Organization CS 90 046, 13067 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang YP, Liu Y, Luo XB, Isobe M, Yuan GL, Liu YQ, Hua Y, Song XY, Yang JW, Li X, Chen W, Li Y, Yan LW, Song XM, Yang QW, Duan XR. Development of the scintillator-based probe for fast-ion losses in the HL-2A tokamak. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:053502. [PMID: 24880364 DOI: 10.1063/1.4872385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new scintillator-based lost fast-ion probe (SLIP) has been developed and operated in the HL-2A tokamak [L. W. Yan, X. R. Duan, X. T. Ding, J. Q. Dong, Q. W. Yang, Yi Liu, X. L. Zou, D. Q. Liu, W. M. Xuan, L. Y. Chen, J. Rao, X. M. Song, Y. Huang, W. C. Mao, Q. M. Wang, Q. Li, Z. Cao, B. Li, J. Y. Cao, G. J. Lei, J. H. Zhang, X. D. Li, W. Chen, J. Chen, C. H. Cui, Z. Y. Cui, Z. C. Deng, Y. B. Dong, B. B. Feng, Q. D. Gao, X. Y. Han, W. Y. Hong, M. Huang, X. Q. Ji, Z. H. Kang, D. F. Kong, T. Lan, G. S. Li, H. J. Li, Qing Li, W. Li, Y. G. Li, A. D. Liu, Z. T. Liu, C. W. Luo, X. H. Mao, Y. D. Pan, J. F. Peng, Z. B. Shi, S. D. Song, X. Y. Song, H. J. Sun, A. K. Wang, M. X. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, W. W. Xiao, Y. F. Xie, L. H. Yao, D. L. Yu, B. S. Yuan, K. J. Zhao, G. W. Zhong, J. Zhou, J. C. Yan, C. X. Yu, C. H. Pan, Y. Liu, and the HL-2A Team, Nucl. Fusion 51, 094016 (2011)] to measure the losses of neutral beam ions. The design of the probe is based on the concept of the α-particle detectors on Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) using scintillator plates. The probe is capable of traveling across an equatorial plane port and sweeping the aperture angle rotationally with respect to the axis of the probe shaft by two step motors, in order to optimize the radial position and the collimator angle. The energy and the pitch angle of the lost fast ions can be simultaneously measured if the two-dimensional image of scintillation light intensity due to the impact of the lost fast ions is detected. Measurements of the fast-ion losses using the probe have been performed during HL-2A neutral beam injection discharges. The clear experimental evidence of enhanced losses of beam ions during disruptions has been obtained by means of the SLIP system. A detailed description of the probe system and the first experimental results are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y P Zhang
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X B Luo
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - M Isobe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5259, Japan
| | - G L Yuan
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y Q Liu
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y Hua
- Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X Y Song
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - J W Yang
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X Li
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - W Chen
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y Li
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - L W Yan
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X M Song
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Q W Yang
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X R Duan
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koliner JJ, Forest CB, Sarff JS, Anderson JK, Liu D, Nornberg MD, Waksman J, Lin L, Brower DL, Ding WX, Spong DA. Fast-particle-driven Alfvénic modes in a reversed field pinch. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:115003. [PMID: 23005639 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.115003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Alfvénic modes are observed due to neutral beam injection for the first time in a reversed field pinch plasma. Modeling of the beam deposition and slowing down shows that the velocity and radial localization are high. This allows instability drive from inverse Landau damping of a bump-on-tail in the parallel distribution function or from free energy in the fast ion density gradient. Mode switching from a lower frequency toroidal mode number n=5 mode that scales with beam injection velocity to a higher frequency n=4 mode with Alfvénic scaling is observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J J Koliner
- Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pace DC, Fisher RK, García-Muñoz M, Darrow DS, Heidbrink WW, Muscatello CM, Nazikian R, Van Zeeland MA, Zhu YB. Modeling the response of a fast ion loss detector using orbit tracing techniques in a neutral beam prompt-loss study on the DIII-D tokamak. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2010; 81:10D305. [PMID: 21033831 DOI: 10.1063/1.3478996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A numerical model describing the expected measurements of neutral beam prompt-losses by a newly commissioned fast ion loss detector (FILD) in DIII-D is presented. This model incorporates the well understood neutral beam deposition profiles from all eight DIII-D beamlines to construct a prompt-loss source distribution. The full range of detectable ion orbit phase space available to the FILD is used to calculate ion trajectories that overlap with neutral beam injection footprints. Weight functions are applied to account for the level of overlap between these detectable orbits and the spatial and velocity (pitch) properties of ionized beam neutrals. An experimental comparison is performed by firing each neutral beam individually in the presence of a ramping plasma current. Fast ion losses determined from the model are in agreement with measured losses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D C Pace
- University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
García-Muñoz M, Hicks N, van Voornveld R, Classen IGJ, Bilato R, Bobkov V, Bruedgam M, Fahrbach HU, Igochine V, Jaemsae S, Maraschek M, Sassenberg K. Convective and diffusive energetic particle losses induced by shear Alfvén waves in the ASDEX upgrade tokamak. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:185002. [PMID: 20482185 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.185002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present here the first phase-space characterization of convective and diffusive energetic particle losses induced by shear Alfvén waves in a magnetically confined fusion plasma. While single toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAE) and Alfvén cascades (AC) eject resonant fast ions in a convective process, an overlapping of AC and TAE spatial structures leads to a large fast-ion diffusion and loss. Diffusive fast-ion losses have been observed with a single TAE above a certain threshold in the fluctuation amplitude.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M García-Muñoz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association Boltzmannstrasse 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
García-Muñoz M, Fahrbach HU, Zohm H. Scintillator based detector for fast-ion losses induced by magnetohydrodynamic instabilities in the ASDEX upgrade tokamak. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2009; 80:053503. [PMID: 19499603 DOI: 10.1063/1.3121543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A scintillator based detector for fast-ion losses has been designed and installed on the ASDEX upgrade (AUG) tokamak [A. Herrmann and O. Gruber, Fusion Sci. Technol. 44, 569 (2003)]. The detector resolves in time the energy and pitch angle of fast-ion losses induced by magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) fluctuations. The use of a novel scintillator material with a very short decay time and high quantum efficiency allows to identify the MHD fluctuations responsible for the ion losses through Fourier analysis. A Faraday cup (secondary scintillator plate) has been embedded behind the scintillator plate for an absolute calibration of the detector. The detector is mounted on a manipulator to vary its radial position with respect to the plasma. A thermocouple on the inner side of the graphite protection enables the safety search for the most adequate radial position. To align the scintillator light pattern with the light detectors a system composed by a lens and a vacuum-compatible halogen lamp has been allocated within the detector head. In this paper, the design of the scintillator probe, as well as the new technique used to analyze the data through spectrograms will be described. A last section is devoted to discuss the diagnosis prospects of this method for ITER [M. Shimada et al., Nucl. Fusion 47, S1 (2007)].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M García-Muñoz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association Boltzmannstr. 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jiménez-Rey D, Zurro B, Guasp J, Liniers M, Baciero A, García-Muñoz M, Fernández A, García G, Rodríguez-Barquero L, Fontdecaba JM. A flexible luminescent probe to monitor fast ion losses at the edge of the TJ-II stellarator. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:093511. [PMID: 19044417 DOI: 10.1063/1.2979013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A mobile luminescent probe has been developed to detect fast ion losses and suprathermal ions escaping from the plasma of the TJ-II stellarator device. The priorities for its design have been flexibility for probe positioning, ease of maintenance, and detector sensitivity. It employs a coherent fiber bundle to relay, to the outside of the vacuum chamber, ionoluminescence images produced by the ions that impinge, after entering the detector head through a pinhole aperture, onto a screen of luminescent material. Ionoluminescence light detection is accomplished by a charge-coupled device camera and by a photomultiplier, both of which are optically coupled to the in-vacuum fiber bundle head by means of a standard optical setup. A detailed description of the detector, and the first results obtained when operated close to the plasma edge, are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Jiménez-Rey
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion, Asociacion Euratom-CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 22, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|