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Hasegawa T. Nuclear Quantum Dynamics of Three-Dimensional Condensed-Phase Systems by Constant Uncertainty Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8043-8049. [PMID: 37651720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Constant uncertainty molecular dynamics (CUMD), which was developed to include nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, is extended to three-dimensional condensed-phase systems. Its applicability was verified via CUMD simulations of bulk water and ice Ih with the q-TIP4P/F potential model. The simulated radial distribution functions, proton momentum distributions, and infrared spectra were compared with those of previous studies in which the simulations were carried out on the basis of the imaginary-time path-integral formalism. We found that CUMD can function as an alternative trajectory-based simulation method for including static and dynamic NQEs in MD simulations of three-dimensional condensed-phase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Hasegawa
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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2
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Guo J, Jiang Y. Submolecular Insights into Interfacial Water by Hydrogen-Sensitive Scanning Probe Microscopy. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1680-1692. [PMID: 35678704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusWater-solid interfaces have attracted extensive attention because of their crucial roles in a wide range of chemical and physical processes, such as ice nucleation and growth, dissolution, corrosion, heterogeneous catalysis, and electrochemistry. To understand these processes, enormous efforts have been made to obtain a molecular-level understanding of the structure and dynamics of water on various solid surfaces. By the use of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), many remarkable structures of H-bonding networks have been directly visualized, significantly advancing our understanding of the delicate competition between water-water and water-solid interactions. Moreover, the detailed dynamics of water molecules, such as diffusion, clustering, dissociation, and intermolecular and intramolecular proton transfer, have been investigated in a well-controlled manner by tip manipulation. However, resolving the submolecular structure of surface water has remained a great challenge for a long time because of the small size and light mass of protons. Discerning the position of hydrogen in water is not only crucial for the accurate determination of the structure of H-bonding networks but also indispensable in probing the proton transfer dynamics and the quantum nature of protons.In this Account, we focus on the recent advances in the H-sensitive SPM technique and its applications in probing the structures, dynamics, and nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) of surface water and ion hydrates at the submolecular level. First, we introduce the development of high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S) and qPlus-based atomic force microscopy (qPlus-AFM), which allow access to the degrees of freedom of protons in both real and energy space. qPlus-AFM even allows imaging of interfacial water in a weakly perturbative manner by measuring the high-order electrostatic force between the CO-terminated tip and the polar water molecule, which enables the subtle difference of OH directionality to be discerned. Next we showcase the applications of H-sensitive STM/AFM in addressing several key issues related to water-solid interfaces. The surface wetting behavior and the H-bonding structure of low-dimensional ice on various hydrophilic and hydrophobic solid surfaces are characterized at the atomic scale. Then we discuss the quantitative assessment of NQEs of surface water, including proton tunneling and quantum delocalization. Moreover, the weakly perturbative and H-sensitive SPM technique can be also extended to investigations of water-ion interactions on solid surfaces, revealing the effect of hydration structure on the interfacial ion transport. Finally, we provide an outlook on the further directions and challenges for SPM studies of water-solid interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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3
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Thomsen B, Shiga M. Structures of liquid and aqueous water isotopologues at ambient temperature from ab initio path integral simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:10851-10859. [PMID: 35504275 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00499b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The heavy hydrogen isotopes D and T are found in trace amounts in water, and when their concentration increases they can play an intricate role in modulating the physical properties of the liquid. We present an analysis of the microscopic structures of ambient light water (H2O(l)), heavy water (D2O(l)), T2O(l), HDO(aq) and HTO(aq) studied by ab initio path integral molecular dynamics (PIMD). Unlike previous ab initio PIMD investigations of H2O(l) and D2O(l) [Chen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2003, 91, 215503] [Machida et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2017, 148, 102324] we find that D2O(l) is more structured than H2O(l), as is predicted by the experiment. The agreement between the experiment and our simulation for H2O(l) and D2O(l) allows us to accurately predict the intra- and intermolecular structures of T2O(l) HDO(aq) and HTO(aq). T2O(l) is found to have a similar intermolecular structure to that of D2O(l), while the intramolecular structure is more compact, giving rise to a smaller dipole moment than those of H2O(l) and D2O(l). For the mixed isotope species, HDO(aq) and HTO(aq), we find smaller dipole moments and fewer hydrogen bonds when compared with the pure species H2O and D2O. We can attribute this effect to the relative compactness of the mixed isotope species, which results in a lower dipole moment than that of the pure species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Thomsen
- CCSE, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 178-4-4, Wakashiba, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0871, Japan.
| | - Motoyuki Shiga
- CCSE, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 178-4-4, Wakashiba, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0871, Japan.
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4
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Thomsen B, Shiga M. Ab initio study of nuclear quantum effects on sub- and supercritical water. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:194107. [PMID: 34800944 DOI: 10.1063/5.0071857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The structures of water in the ambient, subcritical, and supercritical conditions at various densities were studied systematically by ab initio path integral molecular dynamics simulations. It was found that the nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) have a significant impact on the structure of hydrogen bonds in close contact, not only in the ambient condition but also in the sub- and supercritical conditions. The NQEs on the structure beyond the hydrogen bond contact are important in ambient water, but not much for water in the sub- and supercritical conditions. The NQEs are furthermore important for determining the number of hydrogen bonds in the ambient conditions, and this role is, however, diminished in the sub- and supercritical conditions. The NQEs do, nevertheless, show their importance in determining the intramolecular structure of water and the close contact structures of the hydrogen bonds, even at sub- and supercritical conditions. Using the RPBE-D3 functional, the computed radial distribution functions for ambient water are in excellent agreement with experimental data, upgrading our previous results using the BLYP-D2 functional [Machida et al., J. Chem. Phys. 148, 102324 (2018)]. The computed radial distribution functions for water in the sub- and supercritical conditions were carefully compared with experiment. In particular, we found that the first peak in hydrogen pair distribution functions matches only when the NQEs are taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Thomsen
- CCSE, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 178-4-4, Wakashiba, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0871, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Shiga
- CCSE, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 178-4-4, Wakashiba, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0871, Japan
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5
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Drużbicki K, Gaboardi M, Fernandez-Alonso F. Dynamics & Spectroscopy with Neutrons-Recent Developments & Emerging Opportunities. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1440. [PMID: 33947108 PMCID: PMC8125526 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This work provides an up-to-date overview of recent developments in neutron spectroscopic techniques and associated computational tools to interrogate the structural properties and dynamical behavior of complex and disordered materials, with a focus on those of a soft and polymeric nature. These have and continue to pave the way for new scientific opportunities simply thought unthinkable not so long ago, and have particularly benefited from advances in high-resolution, broadband techniques spanning energy transfers from the meV to the eV. Topical areas include the identification and robust assignment of low-energy modes underpinning functionality in soft solids and supramolecular frameworks, or the quantification in the laboratory of hitherto unexplored nuclear quantum effects dictating thermodynamic properties. In addition to novel classes of materials, we also discuss recent discoveries around water and its phase diagram, which continue to surprise us. All throughout, emphasis is placed on linking these ongoing and exciting experimental and computational developments to specific scientific questions in the context of the discovery of new materials for sustainable technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Drużbicki
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mattia Gaboardi
- Elettra—Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Felix Fernandez-Alonso
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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6
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Andreani C, Romanelli G, Parmentier A, Senesi R, Kolesnikov AI, Ko HY, Calegari Andrade MF, Car R. Hydrogen Dynamics in Supercritical Water Probed by Neutron Scattering and Computer Simulations. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9461-9467. [PMID: 33108193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an investigation of supercritical water is presented combining inelastic and deep inelastic neutron scattering experiments and molecular dynamics simulations based on a machine-learned potential of ab initio quality. The local hydrogen dynamics is investigated at 250 bar and in the temperature range of 553-823 K, covering the evolution from subcritical liquid to supercritical gas-like water. The evolution of libration, bending, and stretching motions in the vibrational density of states is studied, analyzing the spectral features by a mode decomposition. Moreover, the hydrogen nuclear momentum distribution is measured, and its anisotropy is probed experimentally. It is shown that hydrogen bonds survive up to the higher temperatures investigated, and we discuss our results in the framework of the coupling between intramolecular modes and intermolecular librations. Results show that the local potential affecting hydrogen becomes less anisotropic within the molecular plane in the supercritical phase, and we attribute this result to the presence of more distorted hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Andreani
- Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici del CNR di Messina, Viale F. Stagno dAlcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Romanelli
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | | | - Roberto Senesi
- Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici del CNR di Messina, Viale F. Stagno dAlcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy
| | - Alexander I Kolesnikov
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Hsin-Yu Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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7
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Bocedi A, Romanelli G, Andreani C, Senesi R. Hydrogen nuclear mean kinetic energy in water down the Mariana Trench: Competition of pressure and salinity. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:134306. [PMID: 33032407 DOI: 10.1063/5.0021926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mariana Trench is one of the most famous and extreme environments on our planet. We report experimental values of the hydrogen nuclear mean kinetic energy in water samples at the same physical and chemical conditions than in the Challenger Deep within the Mariana Trench: a pressure of 1092 bars, a temperature of 1 °C, and a salinity of 35 g of salt per kg of water. Results were obtained by deep inelastic neutron scattering at the VESUVIO spectrometer at ISIS. We find that the effect of pressure is to increase the hydrogen nuclear mean kinetic energy with respect to ambient conditions, while ions in the solution have the opposite effect. These results confirm the recent state-of-the-art simulations of the nuclear hydrogen dynamics in water. The changes in the nuclear mean kinetic energy likely correspond to different isotopic fractionation values in the Challenger Deep compared to standard sea water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Bocedi
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Giovanni Romanelli
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11OQX, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Andreani
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Center, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Roberto Senesi
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Center, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome 00133, Italy
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8
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Finkelstein Y, Nemirovsky D, Moreh R. Kinetic energy of oxygen atoms in water and in silica hydrogel. Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2020.110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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9
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Wu Y, Car R. Quantum momentum distribution and quantum entanglement in the deep tunneling regime. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:024106. [PMID: 31941303 DOI: 10.1063/1.5133053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we consider the momentum operator of a quantum particle directed along the displacement of two of its neighbors. A modified open-path path integral molecular dynamics is presented to sample the distribution of this directional momentum distribution, where we derive and use a new estimator for this distribution. Variationally enhanced sampling is used to obtain this distribution for an example molecule, malonaldehyde, in the very low temperature regime where deep tunneling happens. We find no secondary feature in the directional momentum distribution and that its absence is due to quantum entanglement through a further study of the reduced density matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Wu
- The Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Roberto Car
- The Department of Chemistry and the Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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10
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Schienbein P, Marx D. Assessing the properties of supercritical water in terms of structural dynamics and electronic polarization effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:10462-10479. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05610f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evolution of water's structural dynamics from ambient liquid to supercritical dense liquid-like and dilute gas-like conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Schienbein
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- 44780 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- 44780 Bochum
- Germany
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11
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Moid M, Finkelstein Y, Moreh R, Maiti PK. Microscopic Study of Proton Kinetic Energy Anomaly for Nanoconfined Water. J Phys Chem B 2019; 124:190-198. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b08667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Moid
- Centre for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | | | - Raymond Moreh
- Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Prabal K. Maiti
- Centre for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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12
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Kapil V, Cuzzocrea A, Ceriotti M. Anisotropy of the Proton Momentum Distribution in Water. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:6048-6054. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b03896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Venkat Kapil
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modelling, Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Alice Cuzzocrea
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modelling, Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Michele Ceriotti
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modelling, Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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13
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14
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Schienbein P, Marx D. Liquid–Vapor Phase Diagram of RPBE-D3 Water: Electronic Properties along the Coexistence Curve and in the Supercritical Phase. J Phys Chem B 2017; 122:3318-3329. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b09761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Schienbein
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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15
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Schooneveld EM, Pietropaolo A, Andreani C, Perelli Cippo E, Rhodes NJ, Senesi R, Tardocchi M, Gorini G. Radiative neutron capture as a counting technique at pulsed spallation neutron sources: a review of current progress. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2016; 79:094301. [PMID: 27502571 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/79/9/094301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Neutron scattering techniques are attracting an increasing interest from scientists in various research fields, ranging from physics and chemistry to biology and archaeometry. The success of these neutron scattering applications is stimulated by the development of higher performance instrumentation. The development of new techniques and concepts, including radiative capture based neutron detection, is therefore a key issue to be addressed. Radiative capture based neutron detectors utilize the emission of prompt gamma rays after neutron absorption in a suitable isotope and the detection of those gammas by a photon counter. They can be used as simple counters in the thermal region and (simultaneously) as energy selector and counters for neutrons in the eV energy region. Several years of extensive development have made eV neutron spectrometers operating in the so-called resonance detector spectrometer (RDS) configuration outperform their conventional counterparts. In fact, the VESUVIO spectrometer, a flagship instrument at ISIS serving a continuous user programme for eV inelastic neutron spectroscopy measurements, is operating in the RDS configuration since 2007. In this review, we discuss the physical mechanism underlying the RDS configuration and the development of associated instrumentation. A few successful neutron scattering experiments that utilize the radiative capture counting techniques will be presented together with the potential of this technique for thermal neutron diffraction measurements. We also outline possible improvements and future perspectives for radiative capture based neutron detectors in neutron scattering application at pulsed neutron sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Schooneveld
- Science and Technology Facilities Council, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK
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16
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Andreani C, Romanelli G, Senesi R. Direct Measurements of Quantum Kinetic Energy Tensor in Stable and Metastable Water near the Triple Point: An Experimental Benchmark. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:2216-2220. [PMID: 27214268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the first direct and quantitative measurement of the nuclear momentum distribution anisotropy and the quantum kinetic energy tensor in stable and metastable (supercooled) water near its triple point, using deep inelastic neutron scattering (DINS). From the experimental spectra, accurate line shapes of the hydrogen momentum distributions are derived using an anisotropic Gaussian and a model-independent framework. The experimental results, benchmarked with those obtained for the solid phase, provide the state of the art directional values of the hydrogen mean kinetic energy in metastable water. The determinations of the direction kinetic energies in the supercooled phase, provide accurate and quantitative measurements of these dynamical observables in metastable and stable phases, that is, key insight in the physical mechanisms of the hydrogen quantum state in both disordered and polycrystalline systems. The remarkable findings of this study establish novel insight into further expand the capacity and accuracy of DINS investigations of the nuclear quantum effects in water and represent reference experimental values for theoretical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Andreani
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata" , Dipartimento di Fisica e Centro NAST, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR-IPCF, Sezione di Messina 98122, Italy
| | - Giovanni Romanelli
- ISIS Neutron Source, Science Technology Facility Council, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Senesi
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata" , Dipartimento di Fisica e Centro NAST, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR-IPCF, Sezione di Messina 98122, Italy
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17
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Cheng B, Behler J, Ceriotti M. Nuclear Quantum Effects in Water at the Triple Point: Using Theory as a Link Between Experiments. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:2210-2215. [PMID: 27203358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the most prominent consequences of the quantum nature of light atomic nuclei is that their kinetic energy does not follow a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Deep inelastic neutron scattering (DINS) experiments can measure this effect. Thus, the nuclear quantum kinetic energy can be probed directly in both ordered and disordered samples. However, the relation between the quantum kinetic energy and the atomic environment is a very indirect one, and cross-validation with theoretical modeling is therefore urgently needed. Here, we use state of the art path integral molecular dynamics techniques to compute the kinetic energy of hydrogen and oxygen nuclei in liquid, solid, and gas-phase water close to the triple point, comparing three different interatomic potentials and validating our results against equilibrium isotope fractionation measurements. We will then show how accurate simulations can draw a link between extremely precise fractionation experiments and DINS, therefore establishing a reliable benchmark for future measurements and providing key insights to increase further the accuracy of interatomic potentials for water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Cheng
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modelling, Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Behler
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michele Ceriotti
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modelling, Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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Ceriotti M, Fang W, Kusalik PG, McKenzie RH, Michaelides A, Morales MA, Markland TE. Nuclear Quantum Effects in Water and Aqueous Systems: Experiment, Theory, and Current Challenges. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7529-50. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ceriotti
- Laboratory
of Computational Science and Modeling, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wei Fang
- Thomas
Young Centre, London Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics
and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Peter G. Kusalik
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ross H. McKenzie
- School
of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Angelos Michaelides
- Thomas
Young Centre, London Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics
and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel A. Morales
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Thomas E. Markland
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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19
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Finkelstein Y, Moreh R, Shang SL, Shchur Y, Wang Y, Liu ZK. On the mean kinetic energy of the proton in strong hydrogen bonded systems. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:054302. [PMID: 26851916 DOI: 10.1063/1.4940730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The mean atomic kinetic energies of the proton, Ke(H), and of the deuteron, Ke(D), were calculated in moderate and strongly hydrogen bonded (HB) systems, such as the ferro-electric crystals of the KDP type (XH2PO4, X = K, Cs, Rb, Tl), the DKDP (XD2PO4, X = K, Cs, Rb) type, and the X3H(SO4)2 superprotonic conductors (X = K, Rb). All calculations utilized the simulated partial phonon density of states, deduced from density functional theory based first-principle calculations and from empirical lattice dynamics simulations in which the Coulomb, short range, covalent, and van der Waals interactions were accounted for. The presently calculated Ke(H) values for the two systems were found to be in excellent agreement with published values obtained by deep inelastic neutron scattering measurements carried out using the VESUVIO instrument of the Rutherford Laboratory, UK. The Ke(H) values of the M3H(SO4)2 compounds, in which the hydrogen bonds are centro-symmetric, are much lower than those of the KDP type crystals, in direct consistency with the oxygen-oxygen distance ROO, being a measure of the HB strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Finkelstein
- Nuclear Research Center-Negev, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel
| | - R Moreh
- Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - S L Shang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Ya Shchur
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, 1 Svientsitskii str., L'viv 79011, Ukraine
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Z K Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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20
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Śmiechowski M, Schran C, Forbert H, Marx D. Correlated Particle Motion and THz Spectral Response of Supercritical Water. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:027801. [PMID: 26824567 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.027801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations of supercritical water reveal distinctly different distance-dependent modulations of dipolar response and correlations in particle motion compared to ambient conditions. The strongly perturbed H-bond network of water at supercritical conditions allows for considerable translational and rotational freedom of individual molecules. These changes give rise to substantially different infrared spectra and vibrational density of states at THz frequencies for densities above and below the Widom line that separates percolating liquidlike and clustered gaslike supercritical water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Śmiechowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland and Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christoph Schran
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Harald Forbert
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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21
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Romanelli G, Senesi R, Zhang X, Loh KP, Andreani C. Probing the effects of 2D confinement on hydrogen dynamics in water and ice adsorbed in graphene oxide sponges. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:31680-4. [PMID: 26556604 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05240h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We studied the single particle dynamics of water and ice adsorbed in graphene oxide (GO) sponges at T = 293 K and T = 20 K. We used Deep Inelastic Neutron Scattering (DINS) at the ISIS neutron and muon spallation source to derive the hydrogen mean kinetic energy, 〈EK〉, and momentum distribution, n(p). The goal of this work was to study the hydrogen dynamics under 2D confinement and the potential energy surface, fingerprinting the hydrogen interaction with the layered structure of the GO sponge. The observed scattering is interpreted within the framework of the impulse approximation. Samples of both water and ice adsorbed in GO show n(p) functions with almost harmonic and anisotropic line shapes and 〈EK〉 values in excess of the values found at the corresponding temperatures in the bulk. The hydrogen dynamics are discussed in the context of the interaction between the interfacial water and ice and the confining hydrophilic surface of the GO sponge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Romanelli
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Dipartimento di Fisica and Centro NAST, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Roberto Senesi
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Dipartimento di Fisica and Centro NAST, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR-IPCF, Sezione di Messina, Italy
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Graphene Research Centre and Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Graphene Research Centre and Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Carla Andreani
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Dipartimento di Fisica and Centro NAST, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
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22
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Parmentier A, Shephard JJ, Romanelli G, Senesi R, Salzmann CG, Andreani C. Evolution of Hydrogen Dynamics in Amorphous Ice with Density. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2038-2042. [PMID: 26266499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The single-particle dynamics of hydrogen atoms in several of the amorphous ices are reported using a combination of deep inelastic neutron scattering (DINS) and inelastic neutron scattering (INS). The mean kinetic energies of the hydrogen nuclei are found to increase with increasing density, indicating the weakening of hydrogen bonds as well as a trend toward steeper and more harmonic hydrogen vibrational potential energy surfaces. DINS shows much more pronounced changes in the O-H stretching component of the mean kinetic energy going from low- to high-density amorphous ices than indicated by INS and Raman spectroscopy. This highlights the power of the DINS technique to retrieve accurate ground-state kinetic energies beyond the harmonic approximation. In a novel approach, we use information from DINS and INS to determine the anharmonicity constants of the O-H stretching modes. Furthermore, our experimental kinetic energies will serve as important benchmark values for path-integral Monte Carlo simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Parmentier
- †Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - J J Shephard
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- §Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - G Romanelli
- †Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - R Senesi
- †Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- ∥CNR-IPCF Sezione di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy
| | - C G Salzmann
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - C Andreani
- †Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- ∥CNR-IPCF Sezione di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy
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23
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Romanelli G, Fernandez-Alonso F, Andreani C. The Harmonic Picture of Nuclear Mean Kinetic Energies in Heavy Water. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/571/1/012003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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24
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Wang L, Ceriotti M, Markland TE. Quantum fluctuations and isotope effects in ab initio descriptions of water. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:104502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4894287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Finkelstein Y, Moreh R. Temperature dependence of the proton kinetic energy in water between 5 and 673K. Chem Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Senesi R, Romanelli G, Adams M, Andreani C. Temperature dependence of the zero point kinetic energy in ice and water above room temperature. Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Andreani C, Romanelli G, Senesi R. A combined INS and DINS study of proton quantum dynamics of ice and water across the triple point and in the supercritical phase. Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Senesi R, Flammini D, Kolesnikov AI, Murray ÉD, Galli G, Andreani C. The quantum nature of the OH stretching mode in ice and water probed by neutron scattering experiments. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:074504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4818494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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29
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Finkelstein Y, Moreh R. Proton dynamics in ice VII at high pressures. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:044716. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4816630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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30
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Vos M, Weigold E, Moreh R. Elastic electron scattering from water vapor and ice at high momentum transfer. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:044307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4775810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Price DL, Fernandez-Alonso F. An Introduction to Neutron Scattering. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS IN THE PHYSICAL SCIENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-398374-9.00001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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32
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Ceriotti M, Manolopoulos DE. Efficient first-principles calculation of the quantum kinetic energy and momentum distribution of nuclei. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:100604. [PMID: 23005275 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.100604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Light nuclei at room temperature and below exhibit a kinetic energy which significantly deviates from the predictions of classical statistical mechanics. This quantum kinetic energy is responsible for a wide variety of isotope effects of interest in fields ranging from chemistry to climatology. It also furnishes the second moment of the nuclear momentum distribution, which contains subtle information about the chemical environment and has recently become accessible to deep inelastic neutron scattering experiments. Here, we show how, by combining imaginary time path integral dynamics with a carefully designed generalized Langevin equation, it is possible to dramatically reduce the expense of computing the quantum kinetic energy. We also introduce a transient anisotropic Gaussian approximation to the nuclear momentum distribution which can be calculated with negligible additional effort. As an example, we evaluate the structural properties, the quantum kinetic energy, and the nuclear momentum distribution for a first-principles simulation of liquid water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ceriotti
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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33
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Engel H, Doron D, Kohen A, Major DT. Momentum Distribution as a Fingerprint of Quantum Delocalization in Enzymatic Reactions: Open-Chain Path-Integral Simulations of Model Systems and the Hydride Transfer in Dihydrofolate Reductase. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:1223-34. [DOI: 10.1021/ct200874q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamutal Engel
- Department of Chemistry and
the Lise Meitner−Minerva Center of Computational Quantum Chemistry,
Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Dvir Doron
- Department of Chemistry and
the Lise Meitner−Minerva Center of Computational Quantum Chemistry,
Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Amnon Kohen
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Dan Thomas Major
- Department of Chemistry and
the Lise Meitner−Minerva Center of Computational Quantum Chemistry,
Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
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34
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Burnham CJ, Hayashi T, Napoleon RL, Keyes T, Mukamel S, Reiter GF. The proton momentum distribution in strongly H-bonded phases of water: a critical test of electrostatic models. J Chem Phys 2012; 135:144502. [PMID: 22010722 DOI: 10.1063/1.3649679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Water is often viewed as a collection of monomers interacting electrostatically with each other. We compare the water proton momentum distributions from recent neutron scattering data with those calculated from two electronic structure-based models. We find that below 500 K these electrostatic models, one based on a multipole expansion, which includes the polarizability of the monomers, are not able to even qualitatively account for the sizable vibrational zero-point contribution to the enthalpy of vaporization. This discrepancy is evidence that the change in the proton well upon solvation cannot be entirely explained by electrostatic effects alone, but requires correlations of the electronic states on the molecules involved in the hydrogen bonds to produce the observed softening of the well.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Burnham
- Physics Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
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35
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Flammini D, Pietropaolo A, Senesi R, Andreani C, McBride F, Hodgson A, Adams MA, Lin L, Car R. Spherical momentum distribution of the protons in hexagonal ice from modeling of inelastic neutron scattering data. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:024504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3675838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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36
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Andreani C, Colognesi D, Pietropaolo A, Senesi R. Ground state proton dynamics in stable phases of water. Chem Phys Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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37
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Pérez A, Tuckerman ME. Improving the convergence of closed and open path integral molecular dynamics via higher order Trotter factorization schemes. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:064104. [PMID: 21842923 DOI: 10.1063/1.3609120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Pérez
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA.
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38
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Pantalei C, Senesi R, Andreani C, Sozzani P, Comotti A, Bracco S, Beretta M, Sokol PE, Reiter G. Interaction of single water molecules with silanols in mesoporous silica. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:6022-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02479a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Reiter GF, Senesi R, Mayers J. Changes in the zero-point energy of the protons as the source of the binding energy of water to A-phase DNA. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:148101. [PMID: 21230870 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.148101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The measured changes in the zero-point kinetic energy of the protons are entirely responsible for the binding energy of water molecules to A phase DNA at the concentration of 6 water molecules/base pair. The changes in kinetic energy can be expected to be a significant contribution to the energy balance in intracellular biological processes and the properties of nano-confined water. The shape of the momentum distribution in the dehydrated A phase is consistent with coherent delocalization of some of the protons in a double well potential, with a separation of the wells of 0.2 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Reiter
- Physics Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
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40
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Moreh R, Nemirovsky D. On the proton kinetic energy in H2O and in nanotube water. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:084506. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3478681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Flammini D, Ricci MA, Bruni F. A new water anomaly: The temperature dependence of the proton mean kinetic energy. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:236101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3142700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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42
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Morrone JA, Lin L, Car R. Tunneling and delocalization effects in hydrogen bonded systems: A study in position and momentum space. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:204511. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3142828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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