1
|
Lippe C, Klas T, Bender J, Mischke P, Niederprüm T, Ott H. Experimental realization of a 3D random hopping model. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6976. [PMID: 34848721 PMCID: PMC8632899 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientific advance is often driven by identifying conceptually simple models underlying complex phenomena. This process commonly ignores imperfections which, however, might give rise to non-trivial collective behavior. For example, already a small amount of disorder can dramatically change the transport properties of a system compared to the underlying simple model. While systems with disordered potentials were already studied in detail, experimental investigations on systems with disordered hopping are still in its infancy. To this end, we experimentally study a dipole-dipole-interacting three-dimensional Rydberg system and map it onto a simple XY model with random couplings by spectroscopic evidence. We discuss the localization-delocalization crossover emerging in the model and present experimental signatures of it. Our results demonstrate that Rydberg systems are a useful platform to study random hopping models with the ability to access the microscopic degrees of freedom. This will allow to study transport processes and localization phenomena in random hopping models with a high level of control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Lippe
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Tanita Klas
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jana Bender
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Patrick Mischke
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Thomas Niederprüm
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Herwig Ott
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stecker M, Nold R, Steinert LM, Grimmel J, Petrosyan D, Fortágh J, Günther A. Controlling the Dipole Blockade and Ionization Rate of Rydberg Atoms in Strong Electric Fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:103602. [PMID: 32955299 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.103602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We study a hitherto unexplored regime of the Rydberg excitation blockade using highly Stark-shifted, yet long-living, states of Rb atoms subject to electric fields above the classical ionization limit. Such states allow tuning the dipole-dipole interaction strength while their ionization rate can be changed over 2 orders of magnitude by small variations of the electric field. We demonstrate laser excitation of the interacting Rydberg states followed by their detection using controlled ionization and magnified imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution. Our work reveals new possibilities to engineer the interaction strength and dynamically control the ionization and detection of Rydberg atoms, which can be useful for realizing and assessing quantum simulators that vary in space and time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Stecker
- Center for Quantum Science, Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Raphael Nold
- Center for Quantum Science, Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lea-Marina Steinert
- Center for Quantum Science, Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jens Grimmel
- Center for Quantum Science, Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Petrosyan
- Center for Quantum Science, Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, FORTH, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - József Fortágh
- Center for Quantum Science, Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Günther
- Center for Quantum Science, Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bienias P, Gullans MJ, Kalinowski M, Craddock AN, Ornelas-Huerta DP, Rolston SL, Porto JV, Gorshkov AV. Exotic Photonic Molecules via Lennard-Jones-like Potentials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:093601. [PMID: 32915601 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.093601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ultracold systems offer an unprecedented level of control of interactions between atoms. An important challenge is to achieve a similar level of control of the interactions between photons. Towards this goal, we propose a realization of a novel Lennard-Jones-like potential between photons coupled to the Rydberg states via electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). This potential is achieved by tuning Rydberg states to a Förster resonance with other Rydberg states. We consider few-body problems in 1D and 2D geometries and show the existence of self-bound clusters ("molecules") of photons. We demonstrate that for a few-body problem, the multibody interactions have a significant impact on the geometry of the molecular ground state. This leads to phenomena without counterparts in conventional systems: For example, three photons in two dimensions preferentially arrange themselves in a line configuration rather than in an equilateral-triangle configuration. Our result opens a new avenue for studies of many-body phenomena with strongly interacting photons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw Bienias
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Michael J Gullans
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Marcin Kalinowski
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alexander N Craddock
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | - S L Rolston
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J V Porto
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Alexey V Gorshkov
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
We investigate the spontaneous emission of one atom placed near an oscillating reflecting plate. We consider the atom modeled as a two-level system, interacting with the quantum electromagnetic field in the vacuum state, in the presence of the oscillating mirror. We suppose that the plate oscillates adiabatically, so that the time-dependence of the interaction Hamiltonian is entirely enclosed in the time-dependent mode functions, satisfying the boundary conditions at the plate surface, at any given time. Using time-dependent perturbation theory, we evaluate the transition rate to the ground-state of the atom, and show that it depends on the time-dependent atom–plate distance. We also show that the presence of the oscillating mirror significantly affects the physical features of the spontaneous emission of the atom, in particular the spectrum of the emitted radiation. Specifically, we find the appearance of two symmetric lateral peaks in the spectrum, not present in the case of a static mirror, due to the modulated environment. The two lateral peaks are separated from the central peak by the modulation frequency, and we discuss the possibility to observe them with actual experimental techniques of dynamical mirrors and atomic trapping. Our results indicate that a dynamical (i.e., time-modulated) environment can give new possibilities to control and manipulate also other radiative processes of two or more atoms or molecules nearby, for example their cooperative decay or the resonant energy transfer.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ewald NV, Feldker T, Hirzler H, Fürst HA, Gerritsma R. Observation of Interactions between Trapped Ions and Ultracold Rydberg Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:253401. [PMID: 31347879 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.253401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on the observation of interactions between ultracold Rydberg atoms and ions in a Paul trap. The rate of observed inelastic collisions, which manifest themselves as charge transfer between the Rydberg atoms and ions, exceeds that of Langevin collisions for ground state atoms by about 3 orders of magnitude. This indicates a huge increase in interaction strength. We study the effect of the vacant Paul trap's electric fields on the Rydberg excitation spectra. To quantitatively describe the exhibited shape of the ion loss spectra, we need to include the ion-induced Stark shift on the Rydberg atoms. Furthermore, we demonstrate Rydberg excitation on a dipole-forbidden transition with the aid of the electric field of a single trapped ion. Our results confirm that interactions between ultracold atoms and trapped ions can be controlled by laser coupling to Rydberg states. Adding dynamic Rydberg dressing may allow for the creation of spin-spin interactions between atoms and ions, and the elimination of collisional heating due to ionic micromotion in atom-ion mixtures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N V Ewald
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - T Feldker
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H Hirzler
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H A Fürst
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R Gerritsma
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Saßmannshausen H, Deiglmayr J. Observation of Rydberg-Atom Macrodimers: Micrometer-Sized Diatomic Molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:083401. [PMID: 27588856 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.083401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Long-range metastable molecules consisting of two cesium atoms in high Rydberg states have been observed in an ultracold gas. A sequential three-photon two-color photoassociation scheme is employed to form these molecules in states, which correlate to np(n+1)s dissociation asymptotes. Spectral signatures of bound molecular states are clearly resolved at the positions of avoided crossings between long-range van der Waals potential curves. The experimental results are in agreement with simulations based on a detailed model of the long-range multipole-multipole interactions of Rydberg-atom pair states. We show that a full model is required to accurately predict the occurrence of bound Rydberg macrodimers. The macrodimers are distinguished from repulsive molecular states by their behavior with respect to spontaneous ionization and possible decay channels are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heiner Saßmannshausen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Deiglmayr
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Enhancement of Rydberg-mediated single-photon nonlinearities by electrically tuned Förster resonances. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12480. [PMID: 27515278 PMCID: PMC4990648 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mapping the strong interaction between Rydberg atoms onto single photons via electromagnetically induced transparency enables manipulation of light at the single-photon level and few-photon devices such as all-optical switches and transistors operated by individual photons. Here we demonstrate experimentally that Stark-tuned Förster resonances can substantially increase this effective interaction between individual photons. This technique boosts the gain of a single-photon transistor to over 100, enhances the non-destructive detection of single Rydberg atoms to a fidelity beyond 0.8, and enables high-precision spectroscopy on Rydberg pair states. On top, we achieve a gain larger than 2 with gate photon read-out after the transistor operation. Theory models for Rydberg polariton propagation on Förster resonance and for the projection of the stored spin-wave yield excellent agreement to our data and successfully identify the main decoherence mechanism of the Rydberg transistor, paving the way towards photonic quantum gates. Single photon level of light control is possible by using the effective interaction between single photons and Rydberg atoms. Here the authors utilized such interaction of Stark-tuned Forster resonances to boost the gain of a Rydberg single-photon transistor and perform high precision spectroscopy.
Collapse
|
8
|
Thaicharoen N, Gonçalves LF, Raithel G. Atom-Pair Kinetics with Strong Electric-Dipole Interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:213002. [PMID: 27284655 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.213002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Rydberg-atom ensembles are switched from a weakly to a strongly interacting regime via adiabatic transformation of the atoms from an approximately nonpolar into a highly dipolar quantum state. The resultant electric dipole-dipole forces are probed using a device akin to a field ion microscope. Ion imaging and pair-correlation analysis reveal the kinetics of the interacting atoms. Dumbbell-shaped pair-correlation images demonstrate the anisotropy of the binary dipolar force. The dipolar C_{3} coefficient, derived from the time dependence of the images, agrees with the value calculated from the permanent electric-dipole moment of the atoms. The results indicate many-body dynamics akin to disorder-induced heating in strongly coupled particle systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Thaicharoen
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - L F Gonçalves
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - G Raithel
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Antezza M, Braggio C, Carugno G, Noto A, Passante R, Rizzuto L, Ruoso G, Spagnolo S. Optomechanical Rydberg-atom excitation via dynamic Casimir-Polder coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:023601. [PMID: 25062178 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.023601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We study the optomechanical coupling of a oscillating effective mirror with a Rydberg atomic gas, mediated by the dynamical atom-mirror Casimir-Polder force. This coupling may produce a near-field resonant atomic excitation whose probability scales as ∝(d(2)an(4)t)(2)/z(0)(8), where z(0) is the average atom-surface distance, d the atomic dipole moment, a the mirror's effective oscillation amplitude, n the initial principal quantum number, and t the time. We propose an experimental configuration to realize this system with a cold atom gas trapped at a distance ∼2×10 μm from a semiconductor substrate whose dielectric constant is periodically driven by an external laser pulse, hence realizing an effective mechanical mirror motion due to the periodic change of the substrate from transparent to reflecting. For a parabolic gas shape, this effect is predicted to excite about ∼10(2) atoms of a dilute gas of 10(3) trapped Rydberg atoms with n=75 after about 0.5 μs, which is high enough to be detected in typical Rydberg gas experimental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Antezza
- Université Montpellier 2, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb UMR 5221, F-34095 Montpellier, France and CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb UMR 5221, F-34095 Montpellier, France and Institut Universitaire de France - 103, bd Saint-Michel, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Caterina Braggio
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá degli Studi di Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy and INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Carugno
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá degli Studi di Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy and INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Noto
- Université Montpellier 2, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb UMR 5221, F-34095 Montpellier, France and CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb UMR 5221, F-34095 Montpellier, France and Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Palermo and CNISM, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Passante
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Palermo and CNISM, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Lucia Rizzuto
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Palermo and CNISM, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruoso
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale dell'Universitá 2, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Salvatore Spagnolo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Palermo and CNISM, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Balewski JB, Krupp AT, Gaj A, Peter D, Büchler HP, Löw R, Hofferberth S, Pfau T. Coupling a single electron to a Bose–Einstein condensate. Nature 2013; 502:664-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nature12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
11
|
Bannasch G, Killian TC, Pohl T. Strongly coupled plasmas via Rydberg blockade of cold atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:253003. [PMID: 23829735 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.253003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We propose and analyze a new scheme to produce ultracold neutral plasmas deep in the strongly coupled regime. The method exploits the interaction blockade between cold atoms excited to high-lying Rydberg states and therefore does not require substantial extensions of current ultracold plasma experiments. Extensive simulations reveal a universal behavior of the resulting Coulomb coupling parameter, providing a direct connection between the physics of strongly correlated Rydberg gases and ultracold plasmas. The approach is shown to reduce currently accessible temperatures by more than an order of magnitude, which opens up a new regime for ultracold plasma research and cold ion-beam applications with readily available experimental techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Bannasch
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nipper J, Balewski JB, Krupp AT, Butscher B, Löw R, Pfau T. Highly resolved measurements of Stark-tuned Förster resonances between Rydberg atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:113001. [PMID: 22540470 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.113001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report on experiments exploring Stark-tuned Förster resonances between Rydberg atoms with high resolution in the Förster defect. The individual resonances are expected to exhibit different angular dependencies, opening the possibility to tune not only the interaction strength but also the angular dependence of the pair state potentials by an external electric field. We achieve a high resolution by optical Ramsey interferometry for Rydberg atoms combined with electric field pulses. The resonances are detected by a loss of visibility in the Ramsey fringes due to resonances in the interaction. We present measurements of the density dependence as well as of the coherence time at and close to Förster resonances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Nipper
- 5 Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Schwarzkopf A, Sapiro RE, Raithel G. Imaging spatial correlations of Rydberg excitations in cold atom clouds. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:103001. [PMID: 21981499 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.103001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We use direct spatial imaging of cold 85Rb Rydberg atom clouds to measure the Rydberg-Rydberg correlation function. The results are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions [F. Robicheaux and J. V. Hernández, Phys. Rev. A 72, 063403 (2005)]. We determine the blockade radius for states 44D(5/2), 60D(5/2), and 70D(5/2) and investigate the dependence of the correlation behavior on excitation conditions and detection delay. Experimental data hint at the existence of long-range order.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Schwarzkopf
- FOCUS Center, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Henkel N, Nath R, Pohl T. Three-dimensional roton excitations and supersolid formation in Rydberg-excited Bose-Einstein condensates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:195302. [PMID: 20866972 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.195302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 03/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We study the behavior of a Bose-Einstein condensate in which atoms are weakly coupled to a highly excited Rydberg state. Since the latter have very strong van der Waals interactions, this coupling induces effective, nonlocal interactions between the dressed ground state atoms, which, opposed to dipolar interactions, are isotropically repulsive. Yet, one finds partial attraction in momentum space, giving rise to a roton-maxon excitation spectrum and a transition to a supersolid state in three-dimensional condensates. A detailed analysis of decoherence and loss mechanisms suggests that these phenomena are observable with current experimental capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Henkel
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Schempp H, Günter G, Hofmann CS, Giese C, Saliba SD, Depaola BD, Amthor T, Weidemüller M, Sevinçli S, Pohl T. Coherent population trapping with controlled interparticle interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:173602. [PMID: 20482108 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.173602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigate coherent population trapping in a strongly interacting ultracold Rydberg gas. Despite the strong van der Waals interactions and interparticle correlations, we observe the persistence of a resonance with subnatural linewidth at the single-particle resonance frequency as we tune the interaction strength. This narrow resonance cannot be understood within a mean-field description of the strong Rydberg-Rydberg interactions. Instead, a many-body density matrix approach, accounting for the dynamics of interparticle correlations, is shown to reproduce the observed spectral features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Schempp
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 12, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|