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Atz E, Walsh B, O'Brien C, Collier M, Berman A, Billingsley L, Blake JB, Broll J, Chornay D, Crain W, Cragwell T, Dobson N, Kujawski J, Kuntz K, Naldoza V, Nutter R, Porter FS, Sibeck D, Simms K, Thomas N, Turner D, Weatherwax A, Yousuff A, Zosuls A. The cusp plasma imaging detector (CuPID) cubesat observatory: Instrumentation. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:064504. [PMID: 35778053 DOI: 10.1063/5.0085534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Cusp Plasma Imaging Detector (CuPID) CubeSat observatory is a 6U CubeSat designed to observe solar wind charge exchange in magnetospheric cusps to test competing theories of magnetic reconnection at the Earth's magnetopause. The CuPID is equipped with three instruments, namely, a wide field-of-view (4.6° × 4.6°) soft x-ray telescope, a micro-dosimeter suite, and an engineering magnetometer optimized for the science operation. The instrument suite has been tested and calibrated in relevant environments, demonstrating successful design. The testing and calibration of these instruments produced metrics and coefficients that will be used to create the CuPID mission's data product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Atz
- Center for Space Physics, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Brian Walsh
- Center for Space Physics, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Connor O'Brien
- Center for Space Physics, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Michael Collier
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - Ariel Berman
- The Aerospace Corporation, Los Angeles, California 90245, USA
| | - Lisa Billingsley
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J Bernard Blake
- The Aerospace Corporation, Los Angeles, California 90245, USA
| | - Jeffery Broll
- Center for Space Physics, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Dennis Chornay
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - William Crain
- The Aerospace Corporation, Los Angeles, California 90245, USA
| | - Thompson Cragwell
- Center for Space Physics, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Norman Dobson
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | | | - Kip Kuntz
- The Henry A. Rowland Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21210, USA
| | - Van Naldoza
- Center for Space Physics, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Rousseau Nutter
- Center for Space Physics, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - F Scott Porter
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - David Sibeck
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - Kenneth Simms
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - Nicholas Thomas
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - Drew Turner
- Space Exploration Sector, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland 20723, USA
| | | | - Ajmal Yousuff
- Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Aleks Zosuls
- Center for Space Physics, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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Liu YH, Hesse M, Li TC, Kuznetsova M, Le A. Orientation and Stability of Asymmetric Magnetic Reconnection X Line. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. SPACE PHYSICS 2018; 123:4908-4920. [PMID: 30364510 PMCID: PMC6196328 DOI: 10.1029/2018ja025410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The orientation and stability of the reconnection x line in asymmetric geometry is studied using three-dimensional (3-D) particle-in-cell simulations. We initiate reconnection at the center of a large simulation domain to minimize the boundary effect. The resulting x line has sufficient freedom to develop along an optimal orientation, and it remains laminar. Companion 2-D simulations indicate that this x line orientation maximizes the reconnection rate. The divergence of the nongyrotropic pressure tensor breaks the frozen-in condition, consistent with its 2-D counterpart. We then design 3-D simulations with one dimension being short to fix the x line orientation but long enough to allow the growth of the fastest growing oblique tearing modes. This numerical experiment suggests that reconnection tends to radiate secondary oblique tearing modes if it is externally (globally) forced to proceed along an orientation not favored by the local physics. The development of oblique structure easily leads to turbulence inside small periodic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsin Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - M Hesse
- Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - T C Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - M Kuznetsova
- NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - A Le
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
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Zhang Q, Lockwood M, Foster JC, Zong Q, Dunlop MW, Zhang S, Moen J, Zhang B. Observations of the step-like accelerating processes of cold ions in the reconnection layer at the dayside magnetopause. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2018; 63:31-37. [PMID: 36658915 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cold ions of plasmaspheric origin have been observed to abundantly appear in the magnetospheric side of the Earth's magnetopause. These cold ions could affect the magnetic reconnection processes at the magnetopause by changing the Alfvén velocity and the reconnection rate, while they could also be heated in the reconnection layer during the ongoing reconnections. We report in situ observations from a partially crossing of a reconnection layer near the subsolar magnetopause. During this crossing, step-like accelerating processes of the cold ions were clearly observed, suggesting that the inflow cold ions may be separately accelerated by the rotation discontinuity and slow shock inside the reconnection layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghe Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment, Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Michael Lockwood
- Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6BB, UK
| | | | - Qiugang Zong
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100087, China
| | - Malcolm W Dunlop
- Space Sciences Division, SSTD, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | | | - Jøran Moen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Blindern 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Beichen Zhang
- SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
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