1
|
Abstract
The development of quantum computing architectures from early designs and current noisy devices to fully fledged quantum computers hinges on achieving fault tolerance using quantum error correction1-4. However, these correction capabilities come with an overhead for performing the necessary fault-tolerant logical operations on logical qubits (qubits that are encoded in ensembles of physical qubits and protected by error-correction codes)5-8. One of the most resource-efficient ways to implement logical operations is lattice surgery9-11, where groups of physical qubits, arranged on lattices, can be merged and split to realize entangling gates and teleport logical information. Here we report the experimental realization of lattice surgery between two qubits protected via a topological error-correction code in a ten-qubit ion-trap quantum information processor. In this system, we can carry out the necessary quantum non-demolition measurements through a series of local and entangling gates, as well as measurements on auxiliary qubits. In particular, we demonstrate entanglement between two logical qubits and we implement logical state teleportation between them. The demonstration of these operations-fundamental building blocks for quantum computation-through lattice surgery represents a step towards the efficient realization of fault-tolerant quantum computation.
Collapse
|
2
|
Fu J, Chang Y, Li B, Mei H, Xu K. An aminoquinoline based fluorescent probe for sequential detection of Znic (II) and inorganic phosphate and application in living cell imaging. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Fu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, Engineering Laboratory for Flame Retardant and Functional Materials of Henan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan University Kaifeng 475004 China
| | - Yongxin Chang
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, Engineering Laboratory for Flame Retardant and Functional Materials of Henan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan University Kaifeng 475004 China
| | - Bai Li
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, Engineering Laboratory for Flame Retardant and Functional Materials of Henan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan University Kaifeng 475004 China
| | - Huihui Mei
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, Engineering Laboratory for Flame Retardant and Functional Materials of Henan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan University Kaifeng 475004 China
| | - Kuoxi Xu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, Engineering Laboratory for Flame Retardant and Functional Materials of Henan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan University Kaifeng 475004 China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu Y, Cai W, Ma Y, Mu X, Hu L, Chen T, Wang H, Song YP, Xue ZY, Yin ZQ, Sun L. Single-Loop Realization of Arbitrary Nonadiabatic Holonomic Single-Qubit Quantum Gates in a Superconducting Circuit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:110501. [PMID: 30265093 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.110501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Geometric phases are noise resilient, and thus provide a robust way towards high-fidelity quantum manipulation. Here we experimentally demonstrate arbitrary nonadiabatic holonomic single-qubit quantum gates for both a superconducting transmon qubit and a microwave cavity in a single-loop way. In both cases, an auxiliary state is utilized, and two resonant microwave drives are simultaneously applied with well-controlled but varying amplitudes and phases for the arbitrariness of the gate. The resulting gates on the transmon qubit achieve a fidelity of 0.996 characterized by randomized benchmarking and the ones on the cavity show an averaged fidelity of 0.978 based on a full quantum process tomography. In principle, a nontrivial two-qubit holonomic gate between the qubit and the cavity can also be realized based on our presented experimental scheme. Our experiment thus paves the way towards practical nonadiabatic holonomic quantum manipulation with both qubits and cavities in a superconducting circuit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Xu
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Cai
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Ma
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - X Mu
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - L Hu
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, and School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - H Wang
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y P Song
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zheng-Yuan Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, and School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhang-Qi Yin
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - L Sun
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pawar SV, Togiti UK, Trivedi P, Ghosh B, Bhattacharya A, Nag A. FRET-Mediated Zn 2+
Sensing in Aqueous Micellar Solution: Application in Cellular Imaging and Molecular Logic Gate. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta V. Pawar
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Uday Kumar Togiti
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Prakruti Trivedi
- Department of Pharmacy; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Anupam Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Amit Nag
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Implementing a universal gate set on a logical qubit encoded in an oscillator. Nat Commun 2017; 8:94. [PMID: 28733580 PMCID: PMC5522494 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00045-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A logical qubit is a two-dimensional subspace of a higher dimensional system, chosen such that it is possible to detect and correct the occurrence of certain errors. Manipulation of the encoded information generally requires arbitrary and precise control over the entire system. Whether based on multiple physical qubits or larger dimensional modes such as oscillators, the individual elements in realistic devices will always have residual interactions, which must be accounted for when designing logical operations. Here we demonstrate a holistic control strategy which exploits accurate knowledge of the Hamiltonian to manipulate a coupled oscillator-transmon system. We use this approach to realize high-fidelity (98.5%, inferred), decoherence-limited operations on a logical qubit encoded in a superconducting cavity resonator using four-component cat states. Our results show the power of applying numerical techniques to control linear oscillators and pave the way for utilizing their large Hilbert space as a resource in quantum information processing.A logical qubit is a two-dimensional subspace of a higher dimensional system, whose manipulation requires precise control over the whole system. Here the authors demonstrate a control strategy which exploits precise knowledge of the Hamiltonian to manipulate a coupled oscillator-transmon system.
Collapse
|
6
|
Córcoles AD, Magesan E, Srinivasan SJ, Cross AW, Steffen M, Gambetta JM, Chow JM. Demonstration of a quantum error detection code using a square lattice of four superconducting qubits. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6979. [PMID: 25923200 PMCID: PMC4421819 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to detect and deal with errors when manipulating quantum systems is a fundamental requirement for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Unlike classical bits that are subject to only digital bit-flip errors, quantum bits are susceptible to a much larger spectrum of errors, for which any complete quantum error-correcting code must account. Whilst classical bit-flip detection can be realized via a linear array of qubits, a general fault-tolerant quantum error-correcting code requires extending into a higher-dimensional lattice. Here we present a quantum error detection protocol on a two-by-two planar lattice of superconducting qubits. The protocol detects an arbitrary quantum error on an encoded two-qubit entangled state via quantum non-demolition parity measurements on another pair of error syndrome qubits. This result represents a building block towards larger lattices amenable to fault-tolerant quantum error correction architectures such as the surface code. The physical realization of a quantum computer requires built-in error-correcting codes that compensate the disruption of quantum information arising from noise. Here, the authors demonstrate a quantum error detection scheme for arbitrary single-qubit errors on a four superconducting qubit lattice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A D Córcoles
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - Easwar Magesan
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | | | - Andrew W Cross
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - M Steffen
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - Jay M Gambetta
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - Jerry M Chow
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nigg D, Muller M, Martinez EA, Schindler P, Hennrich M, Monz T, Martin-Delgado MA, Blatt R. Quantum computations on a topologically encoded qubit. Science 2014; 345:302-5. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1253742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
8
|
Error-corrected quantum annealing with hundreds of qubits. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3243. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
|
9
|
Sarkar D, Pramanik A, Biswas S, Karmakar P, Mondal TK. Al3+ selective coumarin based reversible chemosensor: application in living cell imaging and as integrated molecular logic gate. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04318a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The new coumarin based fluorescent ‘turn-on’ chemosensor (H2L) efficiently detects Al3+ over other metal ions. It is efficient in detecting Al3+ in the intracellular region of HeLa cells and also exhibits an INHIBIT logic gate with Al3+ and EDTA as chemical inputs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Arindam Pramanik
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700-032, India
| | - Sujan Biswas
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700-032, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lanyon BP, Jurcevic P, Zwerger M, Hempel C, Martinez EA, Dür W, Briegel HJ, Blatt R, Roos CF. Measurement-based quantum computation with trapped ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:210501. [PMID: 24313469 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.210501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Measurement-based quantum computation represents a powerful and flexible framework for quantum information processing, based on the notion of entangled quantum states as computational resources. The most prominent application is the one-way quantum computer, with the cluster state as its universal resource. Here we demonstrate the principles of measurement-based quantum computation using deterministically generated cluster states, in a system of trapped calcium ions. First we implement a universal set of operations for quantum computing. Second we demonstrate a family of measurement-based quantum error correction codes and show their improved performance as the code length is increased. The methods presented can be directly scaled up to generate graph states of several tens of qubits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B P Lanyon
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Technikerstraße 21A, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria and Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Feng G, Xu G, Long G. Experimental realization of nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:190501. [PMID: 23705695 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.190501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Because of its geometric nature, holonomic quantum computation is fault tolerant against certain types of control errors. Although proposed more than a decade ago, the experimental realization of holonomic quantum computation is still an open challenge. In this Letter, we report the first experimental demonstration of nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computation in a liquid NMR quantum information processor. Two noncommuting one-qubit holonomic gates, rotations about x and z axes, and the two-qubit holonomic CNOT gate are realized by evolving the work qubits and an ancillary qubit nonadiabatically. The successful realizations of these universal elementary gates in nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computation demonstrates the experimental feasibility of this quantum computing paradigm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanru Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fujiwara Y. Quantum error correction via less noisy qubits. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:170501. [PMID: 23679693 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.170501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Known quantum error correction schemes are typically able to take advantage of only a limited class of classical error-correcting codes. Entanglement-assisted quantum error correction is a partial solution which made it possible to exploit any classical linear codes over the binary or quaternary finite field. However, the known entanglement-assisted scheme requires noiseless qubits that help correct quantum errors on noisy qubits, which can be too severe an assumption. We prove that a more relaxed and realistic assumption is sufficient by presenting encoding and decoding operations assisted by qubits on which quantum errors of one particular kind may occur. As in entanglement assistance, our scheme can import any binary or quaternary linear codes. If the auxiliary qubits are noiseless, our codes become entanglement-assisted codes, and saturate the quantum Singleton bound when the underlying classical codes are maximum distance separable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Fujiwara
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, MC 253-37, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
| |
Collapse
|