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Chern RL, Chang JC, Yang HC. Bound states in the continuum in anisotropic photonic crystal slabs. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14139. [PMID: 37644043 PMCID: PMC10465559 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40869-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigate the bound states in the continuum (BICs) in photonic crystal slabs composed of alternating anisotropic and isotropic dielectric materials. According to the orientation of optical axis plane, three different configurations are proposed for analyzing various types of BICs, associated with extremely large quality factors and vanishing spectral linewidths. In particular, symmetry-protected (SP) BICs exist at the Brillouin zone center for zero rotation angle of the optical axis, which exhibit antisymmetric field patterns that are decoupled from the symmetric radiating fields. Accidental BICs and Friedrich-Wintgen (FW) BICs also occur at the Brillouin zone center for particular rotation angles of the optical axis. The former emerge on isolated bands with quasi-symmetric or quasi-antisymmetric field patterns, while the latter appear near the avoided crossing between two dispersion bands. At off the Brillouin zone center, SP BICs do not exist while accidental BICs and FW BICs appear at particular optical axis rotation angles, with similar features but somewhat more asymmetric field patterns than those at the Brillouin zone center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruey-Lin Chern
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Chien Chang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Chi Yang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
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2
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Zhang YC. Bound states in the continuum (BIC) protected by self-sustained potential barriers in a flat band system. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11670. [PMID: 35804187 PMCID: PMC9270382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15860-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the bound states in the continuum (BIC) of a one-dimensional spin-1 flat band system. It is found that, when the potential is sufficiently strong, there exists an effective attractive potential well surrounded by infinitely high self-sustained barriers. Consequently, there exist some BIC in the effective potential well. These bound states are protected by the infinitely high potential barriers, which could not decay into the continuum. Taking a long-ranged Coulomb potential and a short-ranged exponential potential as two examples, the bound state energies are obtained. For a Coulomb potential, there exists a series of critical potential strengths, near which the bound state energy can go to infinity. For a sufficiently strong exponential potential, there exist two different bound states with a same number of wave function nodes. The existence of BIC protected by the self-sustained potential barriers is quite a universal phenomenon in the flat band system under a strong potential. A necessary condition for the existence of BIC is that the maximum of potential is larger than two times band gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cai Zhang
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Poshakinskiy AV, Zhong J, Poddubny AN. Quantum Chaos Driven by Long-Range Waveguide-Mediated Interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:203602. [PMID: 34110198 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.203602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We study theoretically quantum states of a pair of photons interacting with a finite periodic array of two-level atoms in a waveguide. Our calculation reveals two-polariton eigenstates that have a highly irregular wave function in real space. This indicates the Bethe ansatz breakdown and the onset of quantum chaos, in stark contrast to the conventional integrable problem of two interacting bosons in a box. We identify the long-range waveguide-mediated coupling between the atoms as the key ingredient of chaos and nonintegrability. Our results provide new insights in the interplay between order, chaos, and localization in many-body quantum systems and can be tested in state-of-the-art setups of waveguide quantum electrodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janet Zhong
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Alexander N Poddubny
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
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4
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Zhu T, Shi Y, Ding W, Tsai DP, Cao T, Liu AQ, Nieto-Vesperinas M, Sáenz JJ, Wu PC, Qiu CW. Extraordinary Multipole Modes and Ultra-Enhanced Optical Lateral Force by Chirality. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:043901. [PMID: 32794795 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.043901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Strong mode coupling and Fano resonances arisen from exceptional interaction between resonant modes in single nanostructures have raised much attention for their advantages in nonlinear optics, sensing, etc. Individual electromagnetic multipole modes such as quadrupoles, octupoles, and their counterparts from mode coupling (toroidal dipole and nonradiating anapole mode) have been well investigated in isolated or coupled nanostructures with access to high Q factors in bound states in the continuum. Albeit the extensive study on ordinary dielectric particles, intriguing aspects of light-matter interactions in single chiral nanostructures is lacking. Here, we unveil that extraordinary multipoles can be simultaneously superpositioned in a chiral nanocylinder, such as two toroidal dipoles with opposite moments, and electric and magnetic sextupoles. The induced optical lateral forces and their scattering cross sections can thus be either significantly enhanced in the presence of those multipoles with high-Q factors, or suppressed by the bound states in the continuum. This work for the first time reveals the complex correlation between multipolar effects, chiral coupling, and optical lateral force, providing a distinct way for advanced optical manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhu
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583
| | - Yuzhi Shi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Weiqiang Ding
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Din Ping Tsai
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tun Cao
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ai Qun Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Manuel Nieto-Vesperinas
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Juan José Sáenz
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Pin Chieh Wu
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583
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5
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Cortés N, Rosales L, Chico L, Pacheco M, Orellana PA. Enhancement of thermoelectric efficiency by quantum interference effects in trilayer silicene flakes. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:015004. [PMID: 27830655 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/29/1/015004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the enhancement of thermoelectric efficiencies has been accomplished in nanoscale systems by making use of quantum effects. We exploit the presence of quantum interference phenomena such as bound states in the continuum and Fano antiresonances in trilayer silicene flakes to produce sharp changes in the electronic transmission of the system. By applying symmetric gate voltages the thermoelectric properties can be tuned and, for particular flake lengths, a great enhancement of the figure of merit can be achieved. We show that the most favorable configurations are those in which the electronic transmission is dominated by the coupling of bound states to the continuum, tuned by an external gate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Cortés
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110 V, Valparaíso, Chile
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Yang Y, Peng C, Liang Y, Li Z, Noda S. Analytical perspective for bound states in the continuum in photonic crystal slabs. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:037401. [PMID: 25083664 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.037401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the formation of photonic bound states in the continuum (BICs) in photonic crystal slabs from an analytical perspective. Unlike the stationary at-Γ BICs which originate from the geometric symmetry, the tunable off-Γ BICs are due to the weighted destructive via the continuum interference in the vicinity of accidental symmetry when the majority of the radiation is precanceled. The symmetric compatible nature of the off-Γ BICs leads to a trapping of light that can be tuned through continuously varying the wave vector. With the analytical approach, we explain a reported experiment and predict the existence of a new BIC at an unrevealed symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yong Liang
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Zhengbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Susumu Noda
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Corrielli G, Della Valle G, Crespi A, Osellame R, Longhi S. Observation of surface states with algebraic localization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:220403. [PMID: 24329428 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.220403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We introduce and experimentally demonstrate a class of surface bound states with algebraic decay in a one-dimensional tight-binding lattice. Such states have an energy embedded in the spectrum of scattered states and are structurally stable against perturbations of lattice parameters. Experimental demonstration of surface states with algebraic localization is presented in an array of evanescently coupled optical waveguides with tailored coupling rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Corrielli
- Dipartimento di Fisica-Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy and Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - G Della Valle
- Dipartimento di Fisica-Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy and Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - A Crespi
- Dipartimento di Fisica-Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy and Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - R Osellame
- Dipartimento di Fisica-Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy and Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - S Longhi
- Dipartimento di Fisica-Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy and Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
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8
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Zhou L, Yang LP, Li Y, Sun CP. Quantum routing of single photons with a cyclic three-level system. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:103604. [PMID: 25166667 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.103604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We propose an experimentally accessible single-photon routing scheme using a △-type three-level atom embedded in quantum multichannels composed of coupled-resonator waveguides. Via the on-demand classical field being applied to the atom, the router can extract a single photon from the incident channel, and then redirect it into another. The efficient function of the perfect reflection of the single-photon signal in the incident channel is rooted in the coherent resonance and the existence of photonic bound states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhou
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Li-Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yong Li
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C P Sun
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084, China
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9
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Observation of trapped light within the radiation continuum. Nature 2013; 499:188-91. [PMID: 23846657 DOI: 10.1038/nature12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The ability to confine light is important both scientifically and technologically. Many light confinement methods exist, but they all achieve confinement with materials or systems that forbid outgoing waves. These systems can be implemented by metallic mirrors, by photonic band-gap materials, by highly disordered media (Anderson localization) and, for a subset of outgoing waves, by translational symmetry (total internal reflection) or by rotational or reflection symmetry. Exceptions to these examples exist only in theoretical proposals. Here we predict and show experimentally that light can be perfectly confined in a patterned dielectric slab, even though outgoing waves are allowed in the surrounding medium. Technically, this is an observation of an 'embedded eigenvalue'--namely, a bound state in a continuum of radiation modes--that is not due to symmetry incompatibility. Such a bound state can exist stably in a general class of geometries in which all of its radiation amplitudes vanish simultaneously as a result of destructive interference. This method to trap electromagnetic waves is also applicable to electronic and mechanical waves.
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10
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Longhi S, Della Valle G. Floquet bound states in the continuum. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2219. [PMID: 23860625 PMCID: PMC3713529 DOI: 10.1038/srep02219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum mechanics predicts that certain stationary potentials can sustain bound states with an energy buried in the continuous spectrum of scattered states, the so-called bound states in the continuum (BIC). Originally regarded as mathematical curiosities, BIC have found an increasing interest in recent years, particularly in quantum and classical transport of matter and optical waves in mesoscopic and photonic systems where the underlying potential can be judiciously tailored. Most of our knowledge of BIC is so far restricted to static potentials. Here we introduce a new kind of BIC, referred to as Floquet BIC, which corresponds to a normalizable Floquet state of a time-periodic Hamiltonian with a quasienergy embedded into the spectrum of Floquet scattered states. We discuss the appearance of Floquet BIC states in a tight-binding lattice model driven by an ac field in the proximity of the dynamic localization regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Longhi
- Dipartimento di Fisica- Politecnico di Milano and Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
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11
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Hsu CW, Zhen B, Lee J, Chua SL, Johnson SG, Joannopoulos JD, Soljačić M. Observation of trapped light within the radiation continuum. Nature 2013. [PMID: 23846657 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2013.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The ability to confine light is important both scientifically and technologically. Many light confinement methods exist, but they all achieve confinement with materials or systems that forbid outgoing waves. These systems can be implemented by metallic mirrors, by photonic band-gap materials, by highly disordered media (Anderson localization) and, for a subset of outgoing waves, by translational symmetry (total internal reflection) or by rotational or reflection symmetry. Exceptions to these examples exist only in theoretical proposals. Here we predict and show experimentally that light can be perfectly confined in a patterned dielectric slab, even though outgoing waves are allowed in the surrounding medium. Technically, this is an observation of an 'embedded eigenvalue'--namely, a bound state in a continuum of radiation modes--that is not due to symmetry incompatibility. Such a bound state can exist stably in a general class of geometries in which all of its radiation amplitudes vanish simultaneously as a result of destructive interference. This method to trap electromagnetic waves is also applicable to electronic and mechanical waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Wei Hsu
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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12
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Longhi S, Della Valle G. Tamm-Hubbard surface states in the continuum. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:235601. [PMID: 23670177 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/23/235601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the framework of the Bose-Hubbard model, we show that two-particle surface bound states embedded in the continuum (BIC) can be sustained at the edge of a semi-infinite one-dimensional tight-binding lattice for any infinitesimally-small impurity potential V at the lattice boundary. Such thresholdless surface states, which can be referred to as Tamm-Hubbard BIC states, exist provided that the impurity potential V is attractive (repulsive) and the particle-particle Hubbard interaction U is repulsive (attractive), i.e. for UV < 0.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Longhi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano and Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy.
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