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Grassberger P. Percolation transitions in the survival of interdependent agents on multiplex networks, catastrophic cascades, and solid-on-solid surface growth. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 91:062806. [PMID: 26172753 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.062806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present an efficient algorithm for simulating percolation transitions of mutually supporting viable clusters on multiplex networks (also known as "catastrophic cascades on interdependent networks"). This algorithm maps the problem onto a solid-on-solid-type model. We use this algorithm to study interdependent agents on duplex Erdös-Rényi (ER) networks and on lattices with dimensions 2, 3, 4, and 5. We obtain surprising results in all these cases, and we correct statements in the literature for ER networks and for two-dimensional lattices. In particular, we find that d=4 is the upper critical dimension and that the percolation transition is continuous for d≤4 but-at least for d≠3-not in the universality class of ordinary percolation. For ER networks we verify that the cluster statistics is exactly described by mean-field theory but find evidence that the cascade process is not. For d=5 we find a first-order transition as for ER networks, but we find also that small clusters have a nontrivial mass distribution that scales at the transition point. Finally, for d=2 with intermediate-range dependency links we propose a scenario that differs from that proposed in W. Li et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 228702 (2012)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Grassberger
- JSC, FZ Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany and Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
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Boccaletti S, Bianconi G, Criado R, del Genio C, Gómez-Gardeñes J, Romance M, Sendiña-Nadal I, Wang Z, Zanin M. The structure and dynamics of multilayer networks. PHYSICS REPORTS 2014; 544:1-122. [PMID: 32834429 PMCID: PMC7332224 DOI: 10.1016/j.physrep.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 865] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In the past years, network theory has successfully characterized the interaction among the constituents of a variety of complex systems, ranging from biological to technological, and social systems. However, up until recently, attention was almost exclusively given to networks in which all components were treated on equivalent footing, while neglecting all the extra information about the temporal- or context-related properties of the interactions under study. Only in the last years, taking advantage of the enhanced resolution in real data sets, network scientists have directed their interest to the multiplex character of real-world systems, and explicitly considered the time-varying and multilayer nature of networks. We offer here a comprehensive review on both structural and dynamical organization of graphs made of diverse relationships (layers) between its constituents, and cover several relevant issues, from a full redefinition of the basic structural measures, to understanding how the multilayer nature of the network affects processes and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Boccaletti
- CNR - Institute of Complex Systems, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
- The Italian Embassy in Israel, 25 Hamered st., 68125 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - G. Bianconi
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - R. Criado
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - C.I. del Genio
- Warwick Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Centre for Complexity Science, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Warwick Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research (WIDER) Centre, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - J. Gómez-Gardeñes
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Romance
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - I. Sendiña-Nadal
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Complex Systems Group, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Z. Wang
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Beijing–Hong Kong–Singapore Joint Center for Nonlinear and Complex Systems (Hong Kong) and Institute of Computational and Theoretical Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - M. Zanin
- Innaxis Foundation & Research Institute, José Ortega y Gasset 20, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Electrotécnica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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