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Yu X, Weeber JC, Markey L, Arocas J, Bouhelier A, Leray A, Colas des Francs G. Nano antenna-assisted quantum dots emission into high-index planar waveguide. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:265201. [PMID: 38522099 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad3742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Integrated quantum photonic circuits require the efficient coupling of photon sources to photonic waveguides. Hybrid plasmonic/photonic platforms are a promising approach, taking advantage of both plasmon modal confinement for efficient coupling to a nearby emitter and photonic circuitry for optical data transfer and processing. In this work, we established directional quantum dot (QD) emission coupling to a planar TiO2waveguide assisted by a Yagi-Uda antenna. Antenna on waveguide is first designed by scaling radio frequency dimensions to nano-optics, taking into account the hybrid plasmonic/photonic platform. Design is then optimized by full numerical simulations. We fabricate the antenna on a TiO2planar waveguide and deposit a few QDs close to the Yagi-Uda antenna. The optical characterization shows clear directional coupling originating from antenna effect. We estimate the coupling efficiency and directivity of the light emitted into the waveguide.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yu
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), CNRS UMR 6303, Université de Bourgogne, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France
| | - J-C Weeber
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), CNRS UMR 6303, Université de Bourgogne, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France
| | - L Markey
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), CNRS UMR 6303, Université de Bourgogne, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France
| | - J Arocas
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), CNRS UMR 6303, Université de Bourgogne, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France
| | - A Bouhelier
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), CNRS UMR 6303, Université de Bourgogne, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France
| | - A Leray
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), CNRS UMR 6303, Université de Bourgogne, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France
| | - G Colas des Francs
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), CNRS UMR 6303, Université de Bourgogne, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France
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2
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Marchese MM, Kok P. Large Baseline Optical Imaging Assisted by Single Photons and Linear Quantum Optics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:160801. [PMID: 37154657 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.160801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, we show that by combining quantum metrology and networking tools, it is possible to extend the baseline of an interferometric optical telescope and thus improve diffraction-limited imaging of point source positions. The quantum interferometer is based on single-photon sources, linear optical circuits, and efficient photon number counters. Surprisingly, with thermal (stellar) sources of low photon number per mode and high transmission losses across the baseline, the detected photon probability distribution still retains a large amount of Fisher information about the source position, allowing for a significant improvement in the resolution of positioning point sources, on the order of 10 μas. Our proposal can be implemented with current technology. In particular, our proposal does not require experimental optical quantum memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Maria Marchese
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Pieter Kok
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom
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3
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Marseglia L, Saha K, Ajoy A, Schröder T, Englund D, Jelezko F, Walsworth R, Pacheco JL, Perry DL, Bielejec ES, Cappellaro P. Bright nanowire single photon source based on SiV centers in diamond. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:80-89. [PMID: 29328295 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.000080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The practical implementation of many quantum technologies relies on the development of robust and bright single photon sources that operate at room temperature. The negatively charged silicon-vacancy (SiV-) color center in diamond is a possible candidate for such a single photon source. However, due to the high refraction index mismatch to air, color centers in diamond typically exhibit low photon out-coupling. An additional shortcoming is due to the random localization of native defects in the diamond sample. Here we demonstrate deterministic implantation of Si ions with high conversion efficiency to single SiV- centers, targeted to fabricated nanowires. The co-localization of single SiV- centers with the nanostructures yields a ten times higher light coupling efficiency than for single SiV- centers in bulk diamond. This enhanced photon out-coupling, together with the intrinsic scalability of the SiV- creation method, enables a new class of devices for integrated photonics and quantum science.
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4
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Holleczek A, Barter O, Rubenok A, Dilley J, Nisbet-Jones PBR, Langfahl-Klabes G, Marshall GD, Sparrow C, O'Brien JL, Poulios K, Kuhn A, Matthews JCF. Quantum Logic with Cavity Photons From Single Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:023602. [PMID: 27447506 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.023602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate quantum logic using narrow linewidth photons that are produced with an a priori nonprobabilistic scheme from a single ^{87}Rb atom strongly coupled to a high-finesse cavity. We use a controlled-not gate integrated into a photonic chip to entangle these photons, and we observe nonclassical correlations between photon detection events separated by periods exceeding the travel time across the chip by 3 orders of magnitude. This enables quantum technology that will use the properties of both narrow-band single photon sources and integrated quantum photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Holleczek
- University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Barter
- University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Allison Rubenok
- Centre for Quantum Photonics, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
| | - Jerome Dilley
- University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Graham D Marshall
- Centre for Quantum Photonics, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Sparrow
- Centre for Quantum Photonics, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy L O'Brien
- Centre for Quantum Photonics, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Poulios
- Centre for Quantum Photonics, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
| | - Axel Kuhn
- University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan C F Matthews
- Centre for Quantum Photonics, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
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5
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Piracha AH, Rath P, Ganesan K, Kühn S, Pernice WHP, Prawer S. Scalable Fabrication of Integrated Nanophotonic Circuits on Arrays of Thin Single Crystal Diamond Membrane Windows. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:3341-3347. [PMID: 27111636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Diamond has emerged as a promising platform for nanophotonic, optical, and quantum technologies. High-quality, single crystalline substrates of acceptable size are a prerequisite to meet the demanding requirements on low-level impurities and low absorption loss when targeting large photonic circuits. Here, we describe a scalable fabrication method for single crystal diamond membrane windows that achieves three major goals with one fabrication method: providing high quality diamond, as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy; achieving homogeneously thin membranes, enabled by ion implantation; and providing compatibility with established planar fabrication via lithography and vertical etching. On such suspended diamond membranes we demonstrate a suite of photonic components as building blocks for nanophotonic circuits. Monolithic grating couplers are used to efficiently couple light between photonic circuits and optical fibers. In waveguide coupled optical ring resonators, we find loaded quality factors up to 66 000 at a wavelength of 1560 nm, corresponding to propagation loss below 7.2 dB/cm. Our approach holds promise for the scalable implementation of future diamond quantum photonic technologies and all-diamond photonic metrology tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaq H Piracha
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Patrik Rath
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Physics, University of Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11, Münster, Germany
| | - Kumaravelu Ganesan
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Stefan Kühn
- Center for Functional Nanostructures (CFN), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wolfram H P Pernice
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Physics, University of Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11, Münster, Germany
| | - Steven Prawer
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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6
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Geng W, Manceau M, Rahbany N, Sallet V, De Vittorio M, Carbone L, Glorieux Q, Bramati A, Couteau C. Localised excitation of a single photon source by a nanowaveguide. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19721. [PMID: 26822999 PMCID: PMC4731774 DOI: 10.1038/srep19721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, integrated photonics is a key technology in quantum information processing (QIP) but achieving all-optical buses for quantum networks with efficient integration of single photon emitters remains a challenge. Photonic crystals and cavities are good candidates but do not tackle how to effectively address a nanoscale emitter. Using a nanowire nanowaveguide, we realise an hybrid nanodevice which locally excites a single photon source (SPS). The nanowire acts as a passive or active sub-wavelength waveguide to excite the quantum emitter. Our results show that localised excitation of a SPS is possible and is compared with free-space excitation. Our proof of principle experiment presents an absolute addressing efficiency ηa ~ 10(-4) only ~50% lower than the one using free-space optics. This important step demonstrates that sufficient guided light in a nanowaveguide made of a semiconductor nanowire is achievable to excite a single photon source. We accomplish a hybrid system offering great potentials for electrically driven SPSs and efficient single photon collection and detection, opening the way for optimum absorption/emission of nanoscale emitters. We also discuss how to improve the addressing efficiency of a dipolar nanoscale emitter with our system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Geng
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Instrumentation and Optics (LNIO), Charles Delaunay Institute, CNRS UMR 6281, University of Technology of Troyes (UTT), 10000, Troyes, France
| | - Mathieu Manceau
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu Case 74, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Nancy Rahbany
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Instrumentation and Optics (LNIO), Charles Delaunay Institute, CNRS UMR 6281, University of Technology of Troyes (UTT), 10000, Troyes, France
| | - Vincent Sallet
- Groupe d'étude de la matière condensée (GEMAC), CNRS, University of Versailles St Quentin, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Massimo De Vittorio
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Center for Bio-Molecular Nanotechnologies Via Barsanti sn, 73010 Arnesano (Lecce), Italy
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory (NNL), CNR Istituto Nanoscienze, Via per Arnesano km 5, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luigi Carbone
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory (NNL), CNR Istituto Nanoscienze, Via per Arnesano km 5, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Quentin Glorieux
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu Case 74, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alberto Bramati
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu Case 74, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Couteau
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, Instrumentation and Optics (LNIO), Charles Delaunay Institute, CNRS UMR 6281, University of Technology of Troyes (UTT), 10000, Troyes, France
- CINTRA CNRS-Thales-NTU UMI 3288, and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637553 Singapore
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7
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Liu Y, Siyushev P, Rong Y, Wu B, McGuinness LP, Jelezko F, Tamura S, Tanii T, Teraji T, Onoda S, Ohshima T, Isoya J, Shinada T, Zeng H, Wu E. Investigation of the silicon vacancy color center for quantum key distribution. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:32961-32967. [PMID: 26831963 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.032961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Single photon sources (SPS) are crucial for quantum key distribution. Here we demonstrate a stable triggered SPS at 738 nm with linewidth less than 5 nm at room temperature based on a negatively charged single silicon vacancy color center. Thanks to the short photon duration of about 1.3-1.7 ns, by using high repetition pulsed excitation at 30 MHz, the triggered single photon source generates 16.6 kcounts/s. And we discuss the feasibility of this triggered SPS in the application of quantum key distribution.
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8
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Makhonin MN, Dixon JE, Coles RJ, Royall B, Luxmoore IJ, Clarke E, Hugues M, Skolnick MS, Fox AM. Waveguide coupled resonance fluorescence from on-chip quantum emitter. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:6997-7002. [PMID: 25381734 DOI: 10.1021/nl5032937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Resonantly driven quantum emitters offer a very promising route to obtain highly coherent sources of single photons required for applications in quantum information processing (QIP). Realizing this for on-chip scalable devices would be important for scientific advances and practical applications in the field of integrated quantum optics. Here we report on-chip quantum dot (QD) resonance fluorescence (RF) efficiently coupled into a single-mode waveguide, a key component of a photonic integrated circuit, with a negligible resonant laser background and show that the QD coherence is enhanced by more than a factor of 4 compared to off-resonant excitation. Single-photon behavior is confirmed under resonant excitation, and fast fluctuating charge dynamics are revealed in autocorrelation g((2)) measurements. The potential for triggered operation is verified in pulsed RF. These results pave the way to a novel class of integrated quantum-optical devices for on-chip quantum information processing with embedded resonantly driven quantum emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim N Makhonin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and ‡EPSRC National Centre for III-V Technologies, University of Sheffield , Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
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9
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Huang S, Agarwal GS. Coherent perfect absorption of path entangled single photons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:20936-20947. [PMID: 25321294 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.020936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We examine the question of coherent perfect absorption (CPA) of single photons, and more generally, of the quantum fields by a macroscopic medium. We show the CPA of path entangled single photons in a Fabry-Perot interferometer containing an absorptive medium. The frequency of perfect absorption can be controlled by changing the interferometer parameters like the reflectivity and the complex dielectric constant of the material. We exhibit similar results for path entangled photons in micro-ring resonators. For entangled fields like the ones produced by a down converter the CPA aspect is evident in phase sensitive detection schemes such as in measurements of the squeezing spectrum.
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10
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Aramesh M, Cervenka J, Roberts A, Djalalian-Assl A, Rajasekharan R, Fang J, Ostrikov K, Prawer S. Coupling of a single-photon emitter in nanodiamond to surface plasmons of a nanochannel-enclosed silver nanowire. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:15530-15541. [PMID: 24977811 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.015530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A finite element method is applied to study the coupling between a nitrogen vacancy (NV) single photon emitter in nanodiamond and surface plasmons in a silver nanowire embedded in an alumina nanochannel template. We investigate the effective parameters in the coupled system and present detailed optimization for the maximum transmitted power at a selected optical frequency (650 nm). The studied parameters include nanowire length, nanowire diameter, distance between the dipole and the nanowire, orientation of the emitter and refractive index of the surrounding. It is found that the diameter of the nanowire has a strong influence on the propagation of the surface plasmon polaritons and emission power from the bottom and top endings of the nanowire.
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11
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Boitier F, Orieux A, Autebert C, Lemaître A, Galopin E, Manquest C, Sirtori C, Favero I, Leo G, Ducci S. Electrically injected photon-pair source at room temperature. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:183901. [PMID: 24856696 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.183901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
One of the main challenges for future quantum information technologies is the miniaturization and integration of high performance components in a single chip. In this context, electrically driven sources of nonclassical states of light have a clear advantage over optically driven ones. Here we demonstrate the first electrically driven semiconductor source of photon pairs working at room temperature and telecom wavelengths. The device is based on type-II intracavity spontaneous parametric down-conversion in an AlGaAs laser diode and generates pairs at 1.57 μm. Time-correlation measurements of the emitted pairs give an internal generation efficiency of 7×10(-11) pairs/injected electron. The capability of our platform to support the generation, manipulation, and detection of photons opens the way to the demonstration of massively parallel systems for complex quantum operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Boitier
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR 7162, Case courrier 7021, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Adeline Orieux
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR 7162, Case courrier 7021, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Claire Autebert
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR 7162, Case courrier 7021, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Aristide Lemaître
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Nanostructures, CNRS-UPR20, Route de Nozay, 91460 Marcoussis, France
| | - Elisabeth Galopin
- Laboratoire de Photonique et Nanostructures, CNRS-UPR20, Route de Nozay, 91460 Marcoussis, France
| | - Christophe Manquest
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR 7162, Case courrier 7021, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Carlo Sirtori
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR 7162, Case courrier 7021, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Ivan Favero
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR 7162, Case courrier 7021, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Giuseppe Leo
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR 7162, Case courrier 7021, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Sara Ducci
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS-UMR 7162, Case courrier 7021, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
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