1
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Chen Y, Hu Y, Zhang LW. Effective Underwater Drag Reduction: A Butterfly Wing Scale-Inspired Superhydrophobic Surface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:26954-26964. [PMID: 38713183 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The microstructured superhydrophobic surface serves as an alternative strategy to decrease resistance of underwater vehicles, but the sustainment of an entrapped air layer and the stability of the corresponding gas-liquid interface within textures in flow shear or high pressure are still a great challenge. Inspired by the scales of Parantica melaneus wings, we propose a biomimetic surface with a hierarchical structure featuring longitudinal ridges and regular cavities that firmly pin the gas-liquid interface. The drag reduction rate of the Butterfly Wing Scale-Like Surface (BWSLS) demonstrates a noticeable rise over the single-scale textured mainstream biomimetic surfaces at moderate Reynolds numbers. The superior drag reduction mechanism is revealed as the synergistic effect of a thicker gas film and a more pronounced secondary vortex within the hierarchical textures. The former reduces the velocity gradient near the surface, while the latter decreases the vorticity and energy dissipation. In a high hydrostatic pressure environment, the proposed surface also demonstrates significant stability of the gas-liquid interface, with a gas coverage rate of over 67% during the cyclic loading, surpassing single-structured surfaces. Our study suggests promising surface designs for optimal drag reduction by mimicking and leveraging diverse surfaces of organisms adapted to oceanic climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmin Chen
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lu-Wen Zhang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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2
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Jia Y, Yang Y, Cai X, Zhang H. Recent Developments in Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surface Coatings for Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024. [PMID: 38743527 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Slippery liquid-infused porous surface (SLIPS), inspired by the Nepenthes pitcher plant, exhibits excellent performances as it has a smooth surface and extremely low contact angle hysteresis. Biomimetic SLIPS attracts considerable attention from the researchers for different applications in self-cleaning, anti-icing, anticorrosion, antibacteria, antithrombotic, and other fields. Hence, SLIPS has shown promise for applications across both the biomedical and industrial fields. However, the manufacturing of SLIPS with strong bonding ability to different substrates and powerful liquid locking performance remains highly challenging. In this review, a comprehensive overview of research on SLIPS for medical applications is conducted, and the design parameters and common fabrication methods of such surfaces are summarized. The discussion extends to the mechanisms of interaction between microbes, cells, proteins, and the liquid layer, highlighting the typical antifouling applications of SLIPS. Furthermore, it identifies the potential of utilizing the controllable factors provided by SLIPS to develop innovative materials and devices aimed at enhancing human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Jia
- Joint Diseases Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yinuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xu Cai
- Joint Diseases Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Joint Diseases Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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3
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Rahmani H, Larachi F, Taghavi SM. Modeling of Shear Flows over Superhydrophobic Surfaces: From Newtonian to Non-Newtonian Fluids. ACS ENGINEERING AU 2024; 4:166-192. [PMID: 38646519 PMCID: PMC11027103 DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.3c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The design and use of superhydrophobic surfaces have gained special attentions due to their superior performances and advantages in many flow systems, e.g., in achieving specific goals including drag reduction and flow/droplet handling and manipulation. In this work, we conduct a brief review of shear flows over superhydrophobic surfaces, covering the classic and recent studies/trends for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. The aim is to mainly review the relevant mathematical and numerical modeling approaches developed during the past 20 years. Considering the wide ranges of applications of superhydrophobic surfaces in Newtonian fluid flows, we attempt to show how the developed studies for the Newtonian shear flows over superhydrophobic surfaces have been evolved, through highlighting the major breakthroughs. Despite the fact that, in many practical applications, flows over superhydrophobic surfaces may show complex non-Newtonian rheology, interactions between the non-Newtonian rheology and superhydrophobicity have not yet been well understood. Therefore, in this Review, we also highlight emerging recent studies addressing the shear flows of shear-thinning and yield stress fluids in superhydrophobic channels. We focus on reviewing the models developed to handle the intricate interaction between the formed liquid/air interface on superhydrophobic surfaces and the overlying flow. Such an intricate interaction will be more complex when the overlying flow shows nonlinear non-Newtonian rheology. We conclude that, although our understanding on the Newtonian shear flows over superhydrophobic surfaces has been well expanded via analyzing various aspects of such flows, the non-Newtonian counterpart is in its early stages. This could be associated with either the early applications mainly concerning Newtonian fluids or new complexities added to an already complex problem by the nonlinear non-Newtonian rheology. Finally, we discuss the possible directions for development of models that can address complex non-Newtonian shear flows over superhydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Rahmani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1 V 0A6
| | - Faïçal Larachi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1 V 0A6
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4
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Shi Z, Wu P, Xi H, You T, Gao Y, Yin P. Exploring the surface plasmon catalytic reactions mechanism by three-phase interface modification combining with in-situ EC-SERS methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 309:123834. [PMID: 38198990 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is a novel catalytic technique that has emerged in recent years, especially in the catalysis of aromatic amine compounds. However, the response process and mechanism are still unclear in current study. In the current field of study, the response process and mechanism are still unclear. In this work, the gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface (GLSTI) was innovatively utilized in this study to validate the reaction mechanism by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. P-Aminothiophenol (PATP) and P-Phenylenediamine (PDA) underwent a surface plasmon-catalyzed reaction by using a silver nano-dendrites substrate with strong SERS activity. The GLSTI significantly facilitates the occurrence of surface plasmon catalytic reactions, which can supply enough oxygen by providing three-phase points. In situ SERS and EC-SERS technologies were combined in this study for the explorations. Therefore, this work is dedicated to deepening the exploration and expanding into new directions in plasmon-induced catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Shi
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongyan Xi
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tingting You
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yukun Gao
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Penggang Yin
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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5
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Jäger T, Mokos A, Prasianakis NI, Leyer S. Validating the Transition Criteria from the Cassie-Baxter to the Wenzel State for Periodically Pillared Surfaces with Lattice Boltzmann Simulations. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:10592-10601. [PMID: 38463292 PMCID: PMC10918652 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Microfabrication techniques allow the development and production of artificial superhydrophobic surfaces that possess a precisely controlled roughness at the micrometer level, typically achieved through the arrangement of micropillar structures in periodic patterns. In this work, we analyze the stability and energy barrier of droplets in the Cassie-Baxter (CB) state on such periodic patterns. In addition, we further develop a transition criterion using the CB equation and derive an improved version which allows predicting for which pillar geometries, equilibrium contact angles, and droplet volumes the CB state switches from a metastable to an unstable state. This enables a comparison with existing experiments and three-dimensional multiphase Lattice Boltzmann simulations for different pillar distances, two contact angles, and two droplet volumes, where a good agreement has been found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Jäger
- Department
of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg L-1359, Luxembourg
| | - Athanasios Mokos
- Transport
Mechanisms Group, Laboratory for Waste Management, Paul Scherrer Institute, PSI, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos I. Prasianakis
- Transport
Mechanisms Group, Laboratory for Waste Management, Paul Scherrer Institute, PSI, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Leyer
- Department
of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg L-1359, Luxembourg
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6
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Eriksson M, Claesson PM, Järn M, Wallqvist V, Tuominen M, Kappl M, Teisala H, Vollmer D, Schoelkopf J, Gane PA, Mäkelä JM, Swerin A. Effects of Gas Layer Thickness on Capillary Interactions at Superhydrophobic Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4801-4810. [PMID: 38386540 PMCID: PMC10919075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Strongly attractive forces act between superhydrophobic surfaces across water due to the formation of a bridging gas capillary. Upon separation, the attraction can range up to tens of micrometers as the gas capillary grows, while gas molecules accumulate in the capillary. We argue that most of these molecules come from the pre-existing gaseous layer found at and within the superhydrophobic coating. In this study, we investigate how the capillary size and the resulting capillary forces are affected by the thickness of the gaseous layer. To this end, we prepared superhydrophobic coatings with different thicknesses by utilizing different numbers of coating cycles of a liquid flame spraying technique. Laser scanning confocal microscopy confirmed an increase in gas layer thickness with an increasing number of coating cycles. Force measurements between such coatings and a hydrophobic colloidal probe revealed attractive forces caused by bridging gas capillaries, and both the capillary size and the range of attraction increased with increasing thickness of the pre-existing gas layer. Hence, our data suggest that the amount of available gas at and in the superhydrophobic coating determines the force range and capillary growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimmi Eriksson
- Materials
and Surface Design, RISE Research Institutes
of Sweden, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
- CR
Colloidal Resource AB, Naturvetarvägen 14, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Per M. Claesson
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Järn
- Materials
and Surface Design, RISE Research Institutes
of Sweden, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Viveca Wallqvist
- Materials
and Surface Design, RISE Research Institutes
of Sweden, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikko Tuominen
- Materials
and Surface Design, RISE Research Institutes
of Sweden, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden
- Nordtreat
Oy, Mestarintie 11, FI-01730 Vantaa, Finland
| | - Michael Kappl
- Department
of Physics at Interfaces, Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hannu Teisala
- Department
of Physics at Interfaces, Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Amcor
Flexibles Valkeakoski Oy, Niementie 161, P.O. Box 70, 37601 Valkeakoski, Finland
| | - Doris Vollmer
- Department
of Physics at Interfaces, Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Patrick A.C. Gane
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- Faculty of
Technology and Metallurgy, University of
Belgrade, Karnegijeva
4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Jyrki M. Mäkelä
- Physics
Unit, Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Tampere
University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - Agne Swerin
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad
University, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
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7
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Zhong X, Xie S, Guo Z. The Challenge of Superhydrophobicity: Environmentally Facilitated Cassie-Wenzel Transitions and Structural Design. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305961. [PMID: 38145324 PMCID: PMC10933658 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic materials can be used in various fields to optimize production and life due to their unique surface wetting properties. However, under certain pressure and perturbation conditions, the droplets deposited on superhydrophobic materials are prone to change from Cassie state to Wenzel state, which limits the practical applications of the materials. In recent years, a large number of works have investigated the transition behavior, transition mechanism, and influencing factors of the wetting transition that occurs when a superhydrophobic surface is under a series of external environments. Based on these works, in this paper, the phenomenon and kinetic behavior of the destruction of the Cassie state and the mechanism of the wetting transition are systematically summarized under external conditions that promote the wetting transition on the material surface, including pressure, impact, evaporation, vibration, and electric wetting. In addition, superhydrophobic surface morphology has been shown to directly affect the duration of the Cassie state. Based on the published work the effects of specific morphology on the Cassie state, including structural size, structural shape, and structural level, are summarized in this paper from theoretical analyses and experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional MaterialsHubei UniversityWuhan430062China
| | - Shangzhen Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional MaterialsHubei UniversityWuhan430062China
| | - Zhiguang Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional MaterialsHubei UniversityWuhan430062China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China
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8
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Nosrati A, Mohammadshahi S, Raessi M, Ling H. Impact of the Undersaturation Level on the Longevity of Superhydrophobic Surfaces in Stationary Liquids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 38011263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Although the longevity of superhydrophobic surface (SHS) induced by diffusive gas transfer has been extensively studied, the scaling relation between SHS longevity and undersaturation level of the liquid is still an open question. In this study, we address this question by performing experiments where the plastron decay is visualized by a nonintrusive optical technique based on light reflection, the gas diffusion is introduced by using liquid with low dissolved gas concentrations, and the SHS longevity is measured based on the status of gas on the entire surface. We find that the SHS longevity (tf) follows a scaling relation: tf ∼ (1 - s)-2, where s is the ratio of the gas concentration in liquid to that in the plastron. This scaling relation implies that as the gas is dissolving into the liquid, mass flux J reduces with time as J ∼ t-0.5. Furthermore, we find that the diffusion length LD reduces as the undersaturation level increases, following the scaling relation of LD ∼ (1 - s)-1. Lastly, we show that an SHS with a greater texture depth has a longer longevity and a larger LD. Our results provide a better understanding of SHS longevity in undersaturated liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nosrati
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, Massachusetts 02747, United States
| | - Shabnam Mohammadshahi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, Massachusetts 02747, United States
| | - Mehdi Raessi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, Massachusetts 02747, United States
| | - Hangjian Ling
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, Massachusetts 02747, United States
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9
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Du L, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhou Z, Wang Y, Jing D, Zhou J. One-Step Fabrication of Droplet Arrays Using a Biomimetic Structural Chip. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:17413-17420. [PMID: 36972187 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the field of one-step efficient preparation of dewetting droplet arrays, the process is hampered by the requirement for low chemical wettability of solid surfaces, which restricts the complete transition of wetting state and its broad prospects in biological applications. Inspired by the physical structure of the lotus leaf, enabling it to promote the change of the infiltration state of an aqueous solution on the surface, we developed a method of one-step fabrication of droplet arrays on the biomimetic structural chip designed in the present work. This greatly reduces the need for chemical modification techniques to achieve low wettability and reduces the reliance on complex and sophisticated surface preparation techniques, thus improving the fabrication efficiency of droplet arrays fully generated on a chip by one-step operation without the need for extra liquid phase or the control of harsh barometric pressure. We also studied the influence of dimensions of the biomimetic structure and the preparation process parameters such as number of smears and speed of smearing on the preparation rate and uniformity of the droplet arrays. The amplification of templating DNA molecules in the droplet arrays prepared in a one-step fabrication way is also performed to verify its application potential for DNA molecular diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xinlian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zijian Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Dalei Jing
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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10
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Mohammadshahi S, Breveleri J, Ling H. Fabrication and characterization of super-hydrophobic surfaces based on sandpapers and nano-particle coatings. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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11
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Wang F, Wu Y, Nestler B. Wetting Effect on Patterned Substrates. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2210745. [PMID: 36779433 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A droplet deposited on a solid substrate leads to the wetting phenomenon. A natural observation is the lotus effect, known for its superhydrophobicity. This special feature is engendered by the structured microstructure of the lotus leaf, namely, surface heterogeneity, as explained by the quintessential Cassie-Wenzel theory (CWT). In this work, recent designs of functional substrates are overviewed based on the CWT via manipulating the contact area between the liquid and the solid substrate as well as the intrinsic Young's contact angle. Moreover, the limitation of the CWT is discussed. When the droplet size is comparable to the surface heterogeneity, anisotropic wetting morphology often appears, which is beyond the scope of the Cassie-Wenzel work. In this case, several recent studies addressing the anisotropic wetting effect on chemically and mechanically patterned substrates are elucidated. Surface designs for anisotropic wetting morphologies are summarized with respect to the shape and the arrangement of the surface heterogeneity, the droplet volume, the deposition position of the droplet, as well as the mean curvature of the surface heterogeneity. A thermodynamic interpretation for the wetting effect and the corresponding open questions are presented at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Institute for Applied Materials - Microstructure Modelling and Simulation (IAM-MMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Strasse am Forum 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yanchen Wu
- Institute for Applied Materials - Microstructure Modelling and Simulation (IAM-MMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Strasse am Forum 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Britta Nestler
- Institute for Applied Materials - Microstructure Modelling and Simulation (IAM-MMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Strasse am Forum 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Digital Materials Science, Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Moltkestrasse 30, 76133, Karlsruhe, Germany
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12
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Zhang Q, Bai X, Li Y, Zhang X, Tian D, Jiang L. Ultrastable Super-Hydrophobic Surface with an Ordered Scaly Structure for Decompression and Guiding Liquid Manipulation. ACS NANO 2022; 16:16843-16852. [PMID: 36222751 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Directional droplet manipulation is very crucial in microfluidics, intelligent liquid management, etc. However, excessive liquid pressure tends to destroy the solid-gas-liquid (SAL) composite interface, creating a highly adhesive surface, which is not conducive to liquid transport. Herein, we propose a strategy to enhance the surface durability, in which the surface cannot withstand liquid pressure only by "blocking" but must instead guide liquid transport for "decompression". Learning from the water resistance of water strider legs and the drag reduction of shark skin, we present a continuous integrated system to obtain an ultrastable super-hydrophobic surface with a highly ordered scaly structure via a liquid flow-induced alignment method for lossless unidirectional liquid transport. The nonwetting scaly structure can both buffer liquid pressure and drive droplet motion to further reduce the vertical pressure of the liquid. Moreover, droplets can be manipulated unidirectionally using a voice. This work could aid in manufacturing scalable anisotropic micro-nanostructure surfaces, which inspires efforts in realizing lossless continuous liquid control on demand and related microfluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
| | - Xiuhui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100191, P. R. China
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13
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SAMAH W, CLAIN P, RIOUAL F, FOURNAISON L, DELAHAYE A. Experimental investigation on the wetting behavior of a superhydrophobic surface under controlled temperature and humidity. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Zhang X, Scaraggi M, Zheng Y, Li X, Wu Y, Wang D, Dini D, Zhou F. Quantifying Wetting Dynamics with Triboelectrification. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200822. [PMID: 35674345 PMCID: PMC9405515 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wetting is often perceived as an intrinsic surface property of materials, but determining its evolution is complicated by its complex dependence on roughness across the scales. The Wenzel (W) state, where liquids have intimate contact with the rough surfaces, and the Cassie-Baxter (CB) state, where liquids sit onto air pockets formed between asperities, are only two states among the plethora of wetting behaviors. Furthermore, transitions from the CB to the Wenzel state dictate completely different surface performance, such as anti-contamination, anti-icing, drag reduction etc.; however, little is known about how transition occurs during time between the several wetting modes. In this paper, wetting dynamics can be accurately quantified and tracked using solid-liquid triboelectrification. Theoretical underpinning reveals how surface micro-/nano-geometries regulate stability/infiltration, also demonstrating the generality of the authors' theoretical approach in understanding wetting transitions. It can clarify the functioning behavior of materials in real environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Michele Scaraggi
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Monteroni-Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Via Barsanti 14, Arnesano (LE), 73010, Italy
| | - Youbin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
| | - Daoai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Daniele Dini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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15
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Wang X, Fu C, Zhang C, Qiu Z, Wang B. A Comprehensive Review of Wetting Transition Mechanism on the Surfaces of Microstructures from Theory and Testing Methods. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15144747. [PMID: 35888211 PMCID: PMC9317979 DOI: 10.3390/ma15144747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces have been widely employed in both fundamental research and industrial applications because of their self-cleaning, waterproof, and low-adhesion qualities. Maintaining the stability of the superhydrophobic state and avoiding water infiltration into the microstructure are the basis for realizing these characteristics, while the size, shape, and distribution of the heterogeneous microstructures affect both the static contact angle and the wetting transition mechanism. Here, we review various classical models of wettability, as well as the advanced models for the corrected static contact angle for heterogeneous surfaces, including the general roughness description, fractal theory description, re-entrant geometry description, and contact line description. Subsequently, we emphasize various wetting transition mechanisms on heterogeneous surfaces. The advanced testing strategies to investigate the wetting transition behavior will also be analyzed. In the end, future research priorities on the wetting transition mechanisms of heterogeneous surfaces are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Education Ministry of China, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (X.W.); (C.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Cheng Fu
- China Classification Society Quality Assurance Ltd., Beijing 100006, China;
| | - Chunlai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Education Ministry of China, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (X.W.); (C.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhengyao Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Education Ministry of China, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (X.W.); (C.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Education Ministry of China, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; (X.W.); (C.Z.); (Z.Q.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Tran NG, Chun DM. Ultrafast and Eco-Friendly Fabrication Process for Robust, Repairable Superhydrophobic Metallic Surfaces with Tunable Water Adhesion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:28348-28358. [PMID: 35694823 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic metallic surfaces with a water contact angle greater than 150° have attracted considerable attention in both fundamental research and industrial applications due to their special properties such as antibiofouling, drag reduction, self-cleaning, anti-icing, anticorrosion, and oil-water separation. Until now, the development of superhydrophobic practical applications is mainly limited by the process complexity, long fabrication time, coating with toxic materials, and easily damaged surface structure. To reduce the fabrication time, and simplify the process for industrial applications, an eco-friendly postprocess has been developed in this research. The superhydrophobic surfaces on the laser-textured titanium, aluminum, copper, stainless steel, and nickel substrates were fabricated extremely rapidly by a simple surface modification of only a 10 min heat treatment with nontoxic silicone oil. Hydrophobic organic group absorption has been accelerated on the silicone oil heat-treated surface and has created a low-energy surface. In addition, we demonstrated the potential of using the laser areal fluence parameter, which could be an alternative to single-laser process parameters such as scanning speed, power, and step size, to fine-tune the water adhesion behavior. Therefore, a surface that integrates different water adhesion behaviors can be easily fabricated for more complex practical applications such as controlled microdroplet transportation, microfluidic systems, and certain biomedical processes. Moreover, the robustness of superhydrophobic surfaces was confirmed by abrasion tests, knife-scratch tests, chemical durability tests, and aging tests, and their repairability was evaluated for product applications in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Giang Tran
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Doo-Man Chun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
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17
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Electrically Controlled Enrichment of Analyte for Ultrasensitive SERS-Based Plasmonic Sensors. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050844. [PMID: 35269329 PMCID: PMC8912275 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recently, sensors using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detectors combined with superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic analyte concentration systems showed the ability to reach detection limits below the femto-molar level. However, a further increase in the sensitivity of these sensors is limited by the impossibility of the concentration systems to deposit the analyte on an area of less than 0.01 mm2. This article proposes a fundamentally new approach to the analyte enrichment, based on the effect of non-uniform electrostatic field on the evaporating droplet. This approach, combined with the optimized geometry of a superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic concentration system allows more than a six-fold reduction of the deposition area. Potentially, this makes it possible to improve the detection limit of the plasmonic sensors by the same factor, bringing it down to the attomolar level.
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18
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Zhang Y, Hu Y, Xu B, Fan J, Zhu S, Song Y, Cui Z, Wu H, Yang Y, Zhu W, Wang F, Li J, Wu D, Chu J, Jiang L. Robust Underwater Air Layer Retention and Restoration on Salvinia-Inspired Self-Grown Heterogeneous Architectures. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2730-2740. [PMID: 35156798 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Salvinia's long-term underwater air layer retention ability has inspired researchers to develop artificial microstructures. However, Salvinia has an exquisite combination of a complicated hollow structure and heterogeneous chemical properties, which makes artificial reproduction beyond the capabilities of traditional fabrication techniques. In addition, under extremely low underpressure conditions, the mechanism of retention and restoration of the underwater air layer of Salvinia remains unclear. Herein, by combining the shape memory polymer "top-constrained self-branching (TCSB)" and hydrophilic SiO2 microspheres trapping, four-branch hollow microstructures with heterogeneous chemical properties are fabricated. By applying underpressure, the crucial role of hydrophilic apexes is unveiled in air layer restoration. Through the calculation of the surface energy, the underlying mechanism is well interpreted. This study holds great promise for developing Salvinia-inspired artificial structures and reveals the underlying mechanism of the robust air retention and recovery capability of Salvinia leaves in extreme environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yanlei Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Jianing Fan
- Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Suwan Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yuegan Song
- Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Zehang Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Hao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yi Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Wulin Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Dong Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jiaru Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interface Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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19
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Chen F, Wang Y, Tian Y, Zhang D, Song J, Crick CR, Carmalt CJ, Parkin IP, Lu Y. Robust and durable liquid-repellent surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8476-8583. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01033b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive summary of characterization, design, fabrication, and application of robust and durable liquid-repellent surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faze Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yaquan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yanling Tian
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jinlong Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Colin R. Crick
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Claire J. Carmalt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Ivan P. Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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20
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Recoverable underwater superhydrophobicity from a fully wetted state via dynamic air spreading. iScience 2021; 24:103427. [PMID: 34877492 PMCID: PMC8633030 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the superhydrophobicity underwater offers drag resistance reduction, antifouling, anti-corrosion, noise reduction, and gas collection for boat hulls and submarine vehicles. However, superhydrophobicity typically does not last long underwater since the Cassie state is metastable. Here, we report a reversible and localized recovery of superhydrophobicity from the fully wetted state via air bubble spreading. Composed of sparse fluorinated chained nanoparticles, the submerged surface shows super-low energy barrier for bubble attachment. Especially the recovered plastron exhibits excellent longevity. Based on a simplified, truncated nanocone model, the dynamic spreading of bubbles is analyzed considering two basic parameters, i.e., surface geometric structure and surface energy (which appeared as intrinsic water contact angle). Numerical simulation results via COMSOL confirms the effect of geometric structure on bubble spreading. This investigation will not only offer new insights for the design of robust recoverable superhydrophobic surfaces but also broaden the applications of superhydrophobic coatings. Superhydrophobicity is recovered from fully wetted state in submerged system The dynamic spreading of bubbles is theoretically analyzed The geometric criteria provide direction in designing superhydrophobic surfaces
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21
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Wang Y, Zhang B, Dodiuk H, Kenig S, Barry C, Ratto J, Mead J, Jia Z, Turkoglu S, Zhang J. Effect of Protein Adsorption on Air Plastron Behavior of a Superhydrophobic Surface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:58096-58103. [PMID: 34813281 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Protein fouling on critical biointerfaces causes significant public health and clinical ramifications. Multiple strategies, including superhydrophobic (SHP) surfaces and coatings, have been explored to mitigate protein adsorption on solid surfaces. SHP materials with underwater air plastron (AP) layers hold great promise by physically reducing the contact area between a substrate and protein molecules. However, sustaining AP stability or lifetime is crucial in determining the durability and long-term applications of SHP materials. This work investigated the effect of protein on the AP stability using model SHP substrates, which were prepared from a mixture of silica nanoparticles and epoxy. The AP stability was determined using a submersion test with real-time visualization. The results showed that AP stability was significantly weakened by protein solutions compared to water, which could be attributed to the surface tension of protein solutions and protein adsorption on SHP substrates. The results were further examined to reveal the correlation between protein fouling and accelerated AP dissipation on SHP materials by confocal fluorescent imaging, surface energy measurement, and surface robustness modeling of the Cassie-Baxter to Wenzel transition. The study reveals fundamental protein adsorption mechanisms on SHP materials, which could guide future SHP material design to better mitigate protein fouling on critical biointerfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
- Biomedical Engineering & Biotechnology Program, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Boce Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Hanna Dodiuk
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
- Polymer Materials Engineering Department, The Pernick Faculty of Engineering, Shenkar College of Engineering Design and Art, Ramat Gan 5211401, Israel
| | - Shmuel Kenig
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
- Polymer Materials Engineering Department, The Pernick Faculty of Engineering, Shenkar College of Engineering Design and Art, Ramat Gan 5211401, Israel
| | - Carol Barry
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - JoAnn Ratto
- The U.S. Army, Combat Capabilities Development Command - Soldier Center (DEVCOM Soldier Center), Natick, Massachusetts 01760, United States
| | - Joey Mead
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Zhen Jia
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Sevil Turkoglu
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Jinde Zhang
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
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22
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Laney SK, Michalska M, Li T, Ramirez FV, Portnoi M, Oh J, Thayne IG, Parkin IP, Tiwari MK, Papakonstantinou I. Delayed Lubricant Depletion of Slippery Liquid Infused Porous Surfaces Using Precision Nanostructures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:10071-10078. [PMID: 34286995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Slippery liquid infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) are an important class of repellent materials, comprising micro/nanotextures infused with a lubricating liquid. Unlike superhydrophobic surfaces, SLIPS do not rely on a stable air-liquid interface and thus can better manage low surface tension fluids, are less susceptible to damage under physical stress, and are able to self-heal. However, these collective properties are only efficient as long as the lubricant remains infused, which has proved challenging. We hypothesized that, in comparison to a nanohole and nanopillar morphology, the "hybrid" morphology of a hole within a nanopillar, namely a nanotube, would be able to retain and redistribute lubricant more effectively, owing to capillary forces trapping a reservoir of lubricant within the tube, while lubricant between tubes can facilitate redistribution to depleted areas. By virtue of recent fabrication advances in spacer defined intrinsic multiple patterning (SDIMP), we fabricated an array of silicon nanotubes and equivalent arrays of nanoholes and nanopillars (pitch, 560 nm; height, 2 μm). After infusing the nanostructures (prerendered hydrophobic) with lubricant Krytox 1525, we probed the lubricant stability under dynamic conditions and correlated the degree of the lubricant film discontinuity to changes in the contact angle hysteresis. As a proof of concept, the durability test, which involved consecutive deposition of droplets onto the surface amounting to 0.5 L, revealed 2-fold and 1.5-fold enhancements of lubricant retention in nanotubes in comparison to nanopillars and nanoholes, respectively, showing a clear trajectory for prolonging the lifetime of a slippery surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia K Laney
- Photonic Innovations Lab, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Martyna Michalska
- Photonic Innovations Lab, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Tao Li
- Photonic Innovations Lab, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Francisco V Ramirez
- Photonic Innovations Lab, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Mark Portnoi
- Photonic Innovations Lab, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Junho Oh
- Nanoengineered Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Iain G Thayne
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, U.K
| | - Ivan P Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Manish K Tiwari
- Nanoengineered Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS), University College London, London W1W 7TS, U.K
| | - Ioannis Papakonstantinou
- Photonic Innovations Lab, Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K
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23
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Wang Q, Dumond JJ, Teo J, Low HY. Superhydrophobic Polymer Topography Design Assisted by Machine Learning Algorithms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:30155-30164. [PMID: 34128635 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces have been largely achieved through various surface topographies. Both empirical and numerical simulations have been reported to help understand and design superhydrophobic surfaces. Many such successful surfaces have also been achieved using bioinspired and biomimetic designs. Despite this, identifying the right surface texture to meet the requirements of specific applications is not a straightforward task. Here, we report a hybrid approach that includes experimental methods, numerical simulations, and machine learning (ML) algorithms to create design maps for superhydrophobic polymer topographies. Two design objectives to investigate superhydrophobic properties were the maximum water contact angle (WCA) and Laplace pressure. The design parameters were the geometries of an isotropic pillar structure in micrometer and sub-micrometer length scales. The finite element method (FEM) was validated by the experimental data and employed to generate a labeled dataset for ML training. Artificial neural network (ANN) models were then trained on the labeled database for the topographic parameters (width W, height H, and pitch P) with the corresponding WCA and Laplace pressure. The ANN models yielded a series of nonlinear relationships between the topographic design parameters and the WCA and Laplace pressure and substantial differences between the micrometer and sub-micrometer length scales. Design maps that span the topography design parameters provide optimal design or tradeoff parameters. This research demonstrates the potential of ANN as a rapid design tool for surface topography exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Digital Manufacturing and Design Centre (DManD), Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Jarrett J Dumond
- NILT US Inc., 95 Brown Rd Ste 246, m/s 1024, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Jarren Teo
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, West Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hong Yee Low
- Digital Manufacturing and Design (DManD), Engineering Product Development Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore
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24
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Ahmadi SF, Umashankar V, Dean Z, Chang B, Jung S, Boreyko JB. How Multilayered Feathers Enhance Underwater Superhydrophobicity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:27567-27574. [PMID: 34075745 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by ducks, we demonstrate that air pockets within stacked layers of porous superhydrophobic feathers can withstand up to five times more water pressure compared to a single feather. In addition to natural duck feathers, this "layer effect" was replicated with synthetic feathers created by laser cutting micrometric slots into aluminum foil and imparting a superhydrophobic nanostructure. It was revealed that adding layers promotes an increasingly redundant pathway for water impalement, which serves to pressurize the enclosed air pockets. This was validated by creating a probabilistic pore impalement model and also by filling the feathers with an incompressible oil, rather than air, to suppress the layer effect. In addition to revealing a utility of natural duck feathers, our findings suggest that multilayered engineered surfaces can maintain air pockets at high pressures, useful for reducing the drag and fouling of marine structures or enhancing desalination membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Farzad Ahmadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Viverjita Umashankar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Zaara Dean
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Brian Chang
- Department of Physics, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, United States
| | - Sunghwan Jung
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jonathan B Boreyko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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25
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Mehanna YA, Sadler E, Upton RL, Kempchinsky AG, Lu Y, Crick CR. The challenges, achievements and applications of submersible superhydrophobic materials. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:6569-6612. [PMID: 33889879 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01056a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic materials have been widely reported throughout the scientific literature. Their properties originate from a highly rough morphology and inherently water repellent surface chemistry. Despite promising an array of functionalities, these materials have seen limited commercial development. This could be attributed to many factors, like material compatibility, low physical resilience, scaling-up complications, etc. In applications where persistent water contact is required, another limitation arises as a major concern, which is the stability of the air layer trapped at the surface when submerged or impacted by water. This review is aimed at examining the diverse array of research focused on monitoring/improving air layer stability, and highlighting the most successful approaches. The reported complexity of monitoring and enhancing air layer stability, in conjunction with the variety of approaches adopted, results in an assortment of suggested routes to achieving success. The review is addressing the challenge of finding a balance between maximising water repulsion and incorporating structures that protect air pockets from removal, along with challenges related to the variant approaches to testing air-layer stability across the research field, and the gap between the achieved progress and the required performance in real-life applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin A Mehanna
- Materials Innovation Factory, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
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26
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Dynamics of wetting transition of initially hydrocarbon-filled microscopic cavities replaced with water. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Zhao B, Jia Y, Xu Y, Bonaccurso E, Deng X, Auernhammer GK, Chen L. What Can Probing Liquid-Air Menisci Inside Nanopores Teach Us About Macroscopic Wetting Phenomena? ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:6897-6905. [PMID: 33523651 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solid surfaces with excellent nonwetting ability have drawn significant interest from interfacial scientists and engineers. While much effort was devoted to investigating macroscopic wetting phenomena on nonwetting surfaces, the otherwise microscopic wetting has received less attention, and the surface/interface properties at the microscopic scale are not well resolved and correlated with the macroscopic wetting behavior. Herein, we first characterize the nanoscopic morphology and effective stiffness of liquid-air interfaces inside nanopores (nanomenisci) on diverse nonwetting nanoporous surfaces underneath water droplets using atomic force microscopy. Detailed three-dimensional imaging of the droplet-surface contact region reveals that water only slightly penetrates into the nanopores, allowing for quantitative prediction of the macroscopic contact angle using the Cassie-Baxter model. By gradually increasing the scanning force, we observe incrementally wetting of nanopores by water, and dewetting occurs when the force is lowered again, exhibiting reversible wetting-dewetting transitions. Further, nanoindentation measurements demonstrate that the nanomenisci show apparent elastic deformation and size-dependent effective stiffness at small indenting forces. Finally, we correlate the effective stiffness of the nanomenisci with the transition from complete rebound to partial rebound for impinging droplets on nanoporous surfaces. Our study suggests that probing the physical properties of the liquid-air menisci at the nanoscale is essential to rationalize macroscopic static and dynamic wetting phenomena on structured surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyu Zhao
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Youquan Jia
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yi Xu
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | | | - Xu Deng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Günter K Auernhammer
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Longquan Chen
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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Yu N, Kiani S, Xu M, Kim CJC. Brightness of Microtrench Superhydrophobic Surfaces and Visual Detection of Intermediate Wetting States. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1206-1214. [PMID: 33428410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For a superhydrophobic (SHPo) surface under water, the dewetted or wetted states are easily distinguishable by the bright silvery plastron or lack of it, respectively. However, to detect an intermediate state between the two, where water partially intrudes the surface roughness, a special visualization technique has been needed. Focusing on SHPo surfaces of parallel microtrenches and considering drag reduction as a prominent application, we (i) show the reliance on surface brightness alone may seriously mislead the wetting state, (ii) theorize how the brightness is determined by water intrusion depth and viewing direction, (iii) support the theory experimentally with confocal microscopy and CCD cameras, (iv) present how to estimate the intrusion depth using optical images taken from different angles, and (v) showcase how to detect intermediate states slightly off the properly dewetted state by simply looking. The proposed method would allow monitoring SHPo trench surfaces without bulky instruments-especially useful for large samples and field tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yu
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sarina Kiani
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Muchen Xu
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Chang-Jin Cj Kim
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Abstract
The gasification of multicomponent fuel drops is relevant in various energy-related technologies. An interesting phenomenon associated with this process is the self-induced explosion of the drop, producing a multitude of smaller secondary droplets, which promotes overall fuel atomization and, consequently, improves the combustion efficiency and reduces emissions of liquid-fueled engines. Here, we study a unique explosive gasification process of a tricomponent droplet consisting of water, ethanol, and oil ("ouzo"), by high-speed monitoring of the entire gasification event taking place in the well-controlled, levitated Leidenfrost state over a superheated plate. It is observed that the preferential evaporation of the most volatile component, ethanol, triggers nucleation of the oil microdroplets/nanodroplets in the remaining drop, which, consequently, becomes an opaque oil-in-water microemulsion. The tiny oil droplets subsequently coalesce into a large one, which, in turn, wraps around the remnant water. Because of the encapsulating oil layer, the droplet can no longer produce enough vapor for its levitation, and, thus, falls and contacts the superheated surface. The direct thermal contact leads to vapor bubble formation inside the drop and consequently drop explosion in the final stage.
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30
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Gao Y, Wu M, Lin Y, Xu J. Trapping and control of bubbles in various microfluidic applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:4512-4527. [PMID: 33232419 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00906g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
As a simple, clean and effective tool, micro bubbles have enabled advances in various lab on a chip (LOC) applications recently. In bubble-based microfluidic applications, techniques for capturing and controlling the bubbles play an important role. Here we review active and passive techniques for bubble trapping and control in microfluidic applications. The active techniques are categorized based on various types of external forces from optical, electric, acoustic, mechanical and thermal fields. The passive approaches depend on surface tension, focusing on optimization of microgeometry and modification of surface properties. We discuss control techniques of size, location and stability of microbubbles and show how these bubbles are employed in various applications. To finalize, by highlighting the advantages of these approaches along with the current challenges, we discuss the future prospects of bubble trapping and control in microfluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
| | - Mengren Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
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31
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Seo D, Chen SY, Lee DW, Schrader AM, Ahn K, Page S, Koenig PH, Gizaw Y, Israelachvili JN. The shape and dynamics of deformations of viscoelastic fluids by water droplets. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 580:776-784. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Gao Y, Zhu C, Zuhlke C, Alexander D, Francisco JS, Zeng XC. Turning a Superhydrophilic Surface Weakly Hydrophilic: Topological Wetting States. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18491-18502. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yurui Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Chongqin Zhu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Craig Zuhlke
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Dennis Alexander
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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33
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Tian Z, Lei Z, Chen Y, Chen C, Zhang R, Chen X, Bi J, Sun H. Inhibition Effectiveness of Laser-Cleaned Nanostructured Aluminum Alloys to Sulfate-reducing Bacteria Based on Superwetting and Ultraslippery Surfaces. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6131-6144. [PMID: 35021746 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This paper is a continued study on laser cleaning removal of marine microbiofouling from Al alloy surfaces. According to our previous study, it is noted that the antifouling functions of the generated laser-cleaned metallic surfaces must be highlighted. In this work, the inhibition effectiveness of the laser-cleaned Al alloy surfaces was evaluated using a type of vital marine microorganism, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) Desulfovibrio desulfuricans subsp. desulfuricans, in a dynamic bacterial solution. Before the immersion tests, the laser-cleaned surfaces with nanostructures were chemically processed into superhydrophilic, superhydrophobic, and ultraslippery surfaces. SRB attachment behaviors as well as inhibition mechanisms of the three surfaces to the SRB settlement were characterized and revealed. The SRB adhering to the above surfaces presented three different morphologies, i.e., broken, dented, and plump cells. Superhydrophilic surfaces unexpectedly showed a not inferior antibacterial ability. A piercing effect of the nanostructures caused nontoxic mechanical damage to the cell membranes. The antiadhesion property of superhydrophobic solid-air hybrid surfaces was unreliable due to the loss of air bubbles. The morphology of the last surviving SRB cells left on the ultraslippery surfaces was basically plump. The stable repellent function of the surfaces was responsible for the vigorous prevention of the adhesion of the SRB. The research results offer an insight into the antibacterial/antiadhesion properties of the laser-cleaned surfaces and a practical value for the periodic service of marine high-end equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhenglong Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yanbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Ruochen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiang Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Haoran Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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34
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Xu M, Liu CT, Kim CJ. Self-Powered Plastron Preservation and One-Step Molding of Semiactive Superhydrophobic Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:8193-8198. [PMID: 32589845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gas-trapping-typically superhydrophobic (SHPo)-surfaces are useful for underwater applications only while their plastron lasts. Because the plastron unfortunately disappears under most practical conditions, various active approaches to supply ample gas have been reported, including the semiactive SHPo surface based on self-regulated electrolysis. Here, we report two major advances: (i) a self-powered plastron restoration mechanism that obviates the need for external power; (ii) a one-step molding process to mass-manufacture semiactive SHPo surfaces. The advances clear major hurdles for real-world implementation.
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35
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Wang S, Wang C, Peng Z, Chen S. Spontaneous dewetting transition of nanodroplets on nanopillared surface. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:225502. [PMID: 32066123 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab76f1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The spontaneous dewetting transition (SDT) of nanoscale droplets on the nanopillared surface is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. Three typical SDT modes, i.e. condensing, merging and coalescing with flying droplets are observed, and the underlying physical mechanism is clearly revealed by the potential energy analysis of droplets. We find that there exists a dimensionless parameter of the relative critical volume of droplet C cri which completely controls the SDT of nanodroplets. Furthermore, the C cri remains constant for geometrically similar surfaces, which indicates an intrinsic similarity of nanoscale SDT. The effect of pillar height, diameter and spacing on SDT has also been studied and it is likely to occur on the surface with longer, wider and thicker pillars, as well as pillars with cone-like shape and larger hydrophobicity. These results should be useful for a complete understanding of the nanoscale SDT and shed light on the design of smart superhydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China. Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
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36
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Rofman B, Dehe S, Frumkin V, Hardt S, Bercovici M. Intermediate States of Wetting on Hierarchical Superhydrophobic Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:5517-5523. [PMID: 32337996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wetting transition on superhydrophobic surfaces is commonly described as an abrupt jump between two stable states-either from Cassie to Wenzel for nonhierarchical surfaces or from Cassie to nano-Cassie on hierarchical surfaces. We here experimentally study the electrowetting of hierarchical superhydrophobic surfaces composed of multiple length scales by imaging the light reflections from the gas-liquid interface. We present the existence of a continuous set of intermediate states of wetting through which the gas-liquid interface transitions under a continuously increasing external forcing. This transition is partially reversible and is limited only by localized Cassie to Wenzel transitions at nanodefects in the structure. In addition, we show that even a surface containing many localized wetted regions can still exhibit extremely low contact angle hysteresis, thus remaining useful for many heat transfer and self-cleaning applications. Expanding the classical definition of the Cassie state in the context of hierarchical surfaces, from a single state to a continuum of metastable states ranging from the centimeter to the nanometer scale, is important for a better description of the slip properties of superhydrophobic surfaces and provides new considerations for their effective design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baruch Rofman
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Sebastian Dehe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Valeri Frumkin
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Steffen Hardt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Moran Bercovici
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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37
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Mitra D, Kang ET, Neoh KG. Antimicrobial Copper-Based Materials and Coatings: Potential Multifaceted Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21159-21182. [PMID: 31880421 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface contamination by microbes leads to several detrimental consequences like hospital- and device-associated infections. One measure to inhibit surface contamination is to confer the surfaces with antimicrobial properties. Copper's antimicrobial properties have been known since ancient times, and the recent resurgence in exploiting copper for application as antimicrobial materials or coatings is motivated by the growing concern about antibiotic resistance and the pressure to reduce antibiotic use. Copper, unlike silver, demonstrates rapid and high microbicidal efficacy against pathogens that are in close contact under ambient indoor conditions, which enhances its range of applicability. This review highlights the mechanisms behind copper's potent antimicrobial property, the design and fabrication of different copper-based antimicrobial materials and coatings comprising metallic copper/copper alloys, copper nanoparticles or ions, and their potential for practical applications. Finally, as the antimicrobial coatings market is expected to grow, we offer our perspectives on the implications of increased copper release into the environment and the potential ecotoxicity effects and possibility of development of resistant genes in pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debirupa Mitra
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117576
| | - En-Tang Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117576
| | - Koon Gee Neoh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117576
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38
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Samanta A, Huang W, Chaudhry H, Wang Q, Shaw SK, Ding H. Design of Chemical Surface Treatment for Laser-Textured Metal Alloys to Achieve Extreme Wetting Behavior. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:18032-18045. [PMID: 32208599 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Extreme wetting activities of laser-textured metal alloys have received significant interest due to their superior performance in a wide range of commercial applications and fundamental research studies. Fundamentally, extreme wettability of structured metal alloys depends on both the surface structure and surface chemistry. However, compared with the generation of physical topology on the surface, the role of surface chemistry is less explored for the laser texturing processes of metal alloys to tune the wettability. This work introduces a systematic design approach to modify the surface chemistry of laser textured metal alloys to achieve various extreme wettabilities, including superhydrophobicity/superoleophobicity, superhydrophilicity/superoleophilicity, and coexistence of superoleophobicity and superhydrophilicity. Microscale trenches are first created on the aluminum alloy 6061 surfaces by nanosecond pulse laser surface texturing. Subsequently, the textured surface is immersion-treated in several chemical solutions to attach target functional groups on the surface to achieve the final extreme wettability. Anchoring fluorinated groups (-CF2- and -CF3) with very low dispersive and nondispersive surface energy leads to superoleophobicity and superhydrophobicity, resulting in repelling both water and diiodomethane. Attachment of the polar nitrile (-C≡N) group with very high nondispersive and high dispersive surface energy achieves superhydrophilicity and superoleophilicity by drawing water and diiodomethane molecules in the laser-textured capillaries. At last, anchoring fluorinated groups (-CF2- and -CF3) and polar sodium carboxylate (-COONa) together leads to very low dispersive and very high nondispersive surface energy components. It results in the coexistence of superoleophobicity and superhydrophilicity, where the treated surface attracts water but repels diiodomethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avik Samanta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Wuji Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Hassan Chaudhry
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Scott K Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Hongtao Ding
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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39
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Superrepellency of underwater hierarchical structures on Salvinia leaf. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:2282-2287. [PMID: 31964812 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1900015117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces display many excellent underwater functionalities, which attribute to the slippery air mattress trapped in the structures on the surface. However, the air mattress is easy to collapse due to various disturbances, leading to the fully wetted Wenzel state, while the water filling the microstructures is difficult to be repelled to completely recover the air mattress even on superhydrophobic surfaces like lotus leaves. Beyond superhydrophobicity, here we find that the floating fern, Salvinia molesta, has the superrepellent capability to efficiently replace the water in the microstructures with air and robustly recover the continuous air mattress. The hierarchical structures on the leaf surface are demonstrated to be crucial to the recovery. The interconnected wedge-shaped grooves between epidermal cells are key to the spontaneous spreading of air over the entire leaf governed by a gas wicking effect to form a thin air film, which provides a base for the later growth of the air mattress in thickness synchronously along the hairy structures. Inspired by nature, biomimetic artificial Salvinia surfaces are fabricated using 3D printing technology, which successfully achieves a complete recovery of a continuous air mattress to exactly imitate the superrepellent capability of Salvinia leaves. This finding will benefit the design principles of water-repellent materials and expand their underwater applications, especially in extreme environments.
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40
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Ai J, Guo Z. Facile preparation of a superamphiphobic fabric coating with hierarchical TiO2 particles. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04032k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A functional superamphiphobic fabric coating with hierarchical TiO2 composite particles and inorganic adhesives displays excellent mechanical robustness, good chemical stability and self-healing property by a simple spraying method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Ai
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
| | - Zhiguang Guo
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials
- Hubei University
- Wuhan
- People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
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41
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Zhan Z, ElKabbash M, Cheng J, Zhang J, Singh S, Guo C. Highly Floatable Superhydrophobic Metallic Assembly for Aquatic Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:48512-48517. [PMID: 31691554 PMCID: PMC6938389 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water-repellent superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces promise a wide range of applications, from increased buoyancy to drag reduction, but their practical use is limited. This comes from the fact that an SH surface will start to lose its efficiency once it is forced into water or damaged by mechanical abrasion. Here, we circumvent these two most challenging obstacles and demonstrate a highly floatable multifaced SH metallic assembly inspired by the diving bell spiders and fire ant assemblies. We study and optimize, both theoretically and experimentally, the floating properties of the design. The assembly shows an unprecedented floating ability; it can float back to the surface even after being forced to submerge under water for months. More strikingly, the assembly maintains its floating ability even after severe damage and piercing in stark contrast to conventional watercrafts and aquatic devices. The potential use of the SH floating metallic assembly ranges from floating devices and electronic equipment protection to highly floatable ships and vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibing Zhan
- The Institute of
Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Mohamed ElKabbash
- The Institute of
Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - JinLuo Cheng
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics, and Physics, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Jihua Zhang
- The Institute of
Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Subhash Singh
- The Institute of
Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Chunlei Guo
- The Institute of
Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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42
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Shardt N, Bigdeli MB, Elliott JAW, Tsai PA. How Surfactants Affect Droplet Wetting on Hydrophobic Microstructures. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:7510-7515. [PMID: 31763845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants, as amphiphilic molecules, adsorb easily at interfaces and can detrimentally destroy the useful, gas-trapping wetting state (Cassie-Baxter, CB) of a drop on superhydrophobic surfaces. Here, we provide a quantitative understanding of how surfactants alter the wetting state and contact angle of aqueous drops on hydrophobic microstructures of different roughness (r) and solid fraction (ϕ). Experimentally, at low surfactant concentrations (C), some drops attain a homogeneous wetting state (Wenzel, W), while others attain the CB state whose large contact angles can be predicted by a thermodynamic model. In contrast, all of our high-C drops attain the Wenzel state. To explain this observed transition, we consider the free energy and find that, theoretically, for our surfaces the W state is always preferred, while the CB state is metastable at low C, consistent with experimental results. Furthermore, we provide a beneficial blueprint for stable CB states for applications exploiting superhydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Shardt
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Masoud Bozorg Bigdeli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Janet A W Elliott
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Peichun Amy Tsai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
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43
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Marchio S, Meloni S, Giacomello A, Casciola CM. Wetting and recovery of nano-patterned surfaces beyond the classical picture. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:21458-21470. [PMID: 31686077 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05105h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic (nano)textured surfaces, also known as superhydrophobic surfaces, have a wide range of technological applications, including in the self-cleaning, anti-moisture, anti-icing, anti-fogging and friction/drag reduction fields, and many more. The accidental complete wetting of surface textures, which destroys superhydrophobicity, and the opposite process of recovery are two crucial processes that can prevent or enable the technological applications mentioned before. Understanding these processes is key to designing surfaces with tailored wetting and recovery properties. However, recent experiments have suggested that the currently available theories are insufficient for describing the observed phenomena. In this work we offer a dynamic picture of these processes beyond the state of the art showing that the key ingredient determining the experimental behavior is the inertia of the liquid in the wetting and dewetting processes, which is neglected in microscopic and macroscopic quasi-static theories inspired by the classical nucleation theory. The present findings are also important for other related phenomena, such as heterogeneous cavitation, where vapor/gas bubbles form at surface asperities, condensation, dynamics of the triple line, micelle formation, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Marchio
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, Università di Roma Sapienza, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy.
| | - Simone Meloni
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, Università di Roma Sapienza, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy. and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (DipSCF), Universitá degli Studi di Ferrara (Unife), Via Luigi Borsari 46, I-44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Alberto Giacomello
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, Università di Roma Sapienza, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy.
| | - Carlo Massimo Casciola
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, Università di Roma Sapienza, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy.
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44
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Yang H, Xu K, Xu C, Fan D, Cao Y, Xue W, Pang J. Femtosecond Laser Fabricated Elastomeric Superhydrophobic Surface with Stretching-Enhanced Water Repellency. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:333. [PMID: 31650340 PMCID: PMC6813406 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Highly stretchable and robust superhydrophobic surfaces have attracted tremendous interest due to their broad application prospects. In this work, silicone elastomers were chosen to fabricate superhydrophobic surfaces with femtosecond laser texturing method, and high stretchability and tunable adhesion of the superhydrophobic surfaces were demonstrated successfully. To our best knowledge, it is the first time flexible superhydrophobic surfaces with a bearable strain up to 400% are fabricated by simple laser ablation. The test also shows that the strain brings no decline of water repellency but an enhancement to the superhydrophobic surfaces. In addition, a stretching-induced transition from "petal" state to "lotus" state of the laser-textured surface was also demonstrated by non-loss transportation of liquid droplets. Our results manifest that femtosecond laser ablating silicone elastomer could be a promising way for fabricating superhydrophobic surface with distinct merits of high stretchability, tunable adhesion, robustness, and non-fluorination, which is potentially useful for microfluidics, biomedicine, and liquid repellent skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Laser Processing Robot, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
- Sino-German College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118 China
| | - Kaichen Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117576 Singapore
| | - Changwen Xu
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
| | - Dianyuan Fan
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
| | - Yu Cao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Laser Processing Robot, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Wei Xue
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Laser Processing Robot, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Jihong Pang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Laser Processing Robot, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
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45
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Wang R, Wang M, Wang C, Yang Q, Wang J, Jiang L. Thermally Driven Interfacial Switch between Adhesion and Antiadhesion on Gas Bubbles in Aqueous Media. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:37365-37370. [PMID: 31536320 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is greatly important to understand the gas bubble behaviors and realize their reliable manipulation. There still remain many challenges in the capture, transport, and release of gas bubbles at a preferred location intelligently. Herein, we provide a simple approach to manufacture a composite film with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) and polypropylene that exhibits smart, reversible, and reliable regulation of gas bubble adhesive behaviors (high and low adhesion) by controlling the temperature (above or below the lower critical solution temperature). By adjusting the composite surface temperature, thermally driven interface switching between intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the PNIPAAM chains resulted in low and high adhesion of air bubbles in an aqueous medium. Gas bubbles could be precisely captured, directionally transported, and precisely released at any preferred location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry , Beihang University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Mingchao Wang
- Beijing BOE Display Technology Company Limited , Beijing 100176 , China
| | - Chun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry , Beihang University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Qinglin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry , Beihang University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Jingming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry , Beihang University , Beijing 100083 , China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing , 100191 , China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry , Beihang University , Beijing 100083 , China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing , 100191 , China
- Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100191 , China
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46
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Zhang J, Liu P, Yi B, Wang Z, Huang X, Jiang L, Yao X. Bio-Inspired Elastic Liquid-Infused Material for On-Demand Underwater Manipulation of Air Bubbles. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10596-10602. [PMID: 31465692 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Precise and robust manipulation of air bubbles will favor intense demands from governing processes of chemical reactions to enhancing transportation efficiency in multiphase engineering systems. Inspired by the working mechanism of mucous lining in lung alveoli, the elastic liquid-infused material (eLIM) is constructed by infiltrating an interconnected porous elastomer with a low-surface-energy lining liquid. With the help of the lining liquid, the pore pressure of the interconnected channels in eLIM can be reversibly regulated under mechanical stretching, balancing the capillary pressure in the channels with diverse radii and allowing gas flow in these channels. Therefore, air bubbles could be transported in and across the eLIM, showing on-demand control on the bubble contact angle, merging and splitting in an active and precise manner. The robust manipulation strategies on air bubbles can find applications in bioreactors and many other bubble-involved processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Yi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhaoyue Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Xi Yao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong, China
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Eriksson M, Tuominen M, Järn M, Claesson PM, Wallqvist V, Butt HJ, Vollmer D, Kappl M, Schoelkopf J, Gane PAC, Teisala H, Swerin A. Direct Observation of Gas Meniscus Formation on a Superhydrophobic Surface. ACS NANO 2019; 13:2246-2252. [PMID: 30707561 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The formation of a bridging gas meniscus via cavitation or nanobubbles is considered the most likely origin of the submicrometer long-range attractive forces measured between hydrophobic surfaces in aqueous solution. However, the dynamics of the formation and evolution of the gas meniscus is still under debate, in particular, in the presence of a thin air layer on a superhydrophobic surface. On superhydrophobic surfaces the range can even exceed 10 μm. Here, we report microscopic images of the formation and growth of a gas meniscus during force measurements between a superhydrophobic surface and a hydrophobic microsphere immersed in water. This is achieved by combining laser scanning confocal microscopy and colloidal probe atomic force microscopy. The configuration allows determination of the volume and shape of the meniscus, together with direct calculation of the Young-Laplace capillary pressure. The long-range attractive interactions acting on separation are due to meniscus formation and volume growth as air is transported from the surface layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimmi Eriksson
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden , Bioscience and Materials - Surface, Process and Formulation , SE-114 86 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Mikko Tuominen
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden , Bioscience and Materials - Surface, Process and Formulation , SE-114 86 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Mikael Järn
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden , Bioscience and Materials - Surface, Process and Formulation , SE-114 86 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Per Martin Claesson
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden , Bioscience and Materials - Surface, Process and Formulation , SE-114 86 Stockholm , Sweden
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology , School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Viveca Wallqvist
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden , Bioscience and Materials - Surface, Process and Formulation , SE-114 86 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Department of Physics at Interfaces , Ackermannweg 10 , DE-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Doris Vollmer
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Department of Physics at Interfaces , Ackermannweg 10 , DE-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Michael Kappl
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Department of Physics at Interfaces , Ackermannweg 10 , DE-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Joachim Schoelkopf
- Omya International AG , Baslerstrasse 42 , CH-4665 Oftringen , Switzerland
| | - Patrick A C Gane
- Omya International AG , Baslerstrasse 42 , CH-4665 Oftringen , Switzerland
- Aalto University , School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems , FI-00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - Hannu Teisala
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Department of Physics at Interfaces , Ackermannweg 10 , DE-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Agne Swerin
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden , Bioscience and Materials - Surface, Process and Formulation , SE-114 86 Stockholm , Sweden
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology , School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
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Chen YC, Suzuki Y, Morimoto K. Electrowetting-Dominated Instability of Cassie Droplets on Superlyophobic Pillared Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:2013-2022. [PMID: 30644752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The liquid-air interface of Cassie droplets on superhydrophobic/superlyophobic surfaces has been directly captured with a high-precision laser displacement meter. The measured profile of the interface shape and the critical voltage with which the Cassie-to-Wenzel transition occurs are compared against those from numerical simulations of the electric field coupled with the interface shape. Under the applied voltage, the collapsing behavior of water, glycerol, and hexadecane droplets on SU-8, CYTOP, and overhanging Si/SiO2 pillars has been uniquely identified depending on the liquid properties, the pillar geometry, and the pillar material. It is shown that, with increasing voltage, the contact angle at the three-phase contact line approaches the maximum advancing angle along the pillar sidewalls, above which the depinning from the pillar edge leads to a slide-down motion. The slide-down instability is dominant over the pull-in instability both on dielectric pillars and conductive overhanging pillars examined in the present study. It is indicated that the collapsing behavior on the present overhanging pillars is closely related to contact angle saturation in electrowetting and stick-slip motion of the contact line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chung Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Yuji Suzuki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Kenichi Morimoto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
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Abstract
Understanding the fundamental wetting behavior of liquids on surfaces with pores or cavities provides insights into the wetting phenomena associated with rough or patterned surfaces, such as skin and fabrics, as well as the development of everyday products such as ointments and paints, and industrial applications such as enhanced oil recovery and pitting during chemical mechanical polishing. We have studied, both experimentally and theoretically, the dynamics of the transitions from the unfilled/partially filled (Cassie-Baxter) wetting state to the fully filled (Wenzel) wetting state on intrinsically hydrophilic surfaces (intrinsic water contact angle <90°, where the Wenzel state is always the thermodynamically favorable state, while a temporary metastable Cassie-Baxter state can also exist) to determine the variables that control the rates of such transitions. We prepared silicon wafers with cylindrical cavities of different geometries and immersed them in bulk water. With bright-field and confocal fluorescence microscopy, we observed the details of, and the rates associated with, water penetration into the cavities from the bulk. We find that unconnected, reentrant cavities (i.e., cavities that open up below the surface) have the slowest cavity-filling rates, while connected or non-reentrant cavities undergo very rapid transitions. Using these unconnected, reentrant cavities, we identified the variables that affect cavity-filling rates: (i) the intrinsic contact angle, (ii) the concentration of dissolved air in the bulk water phase (i.e., aeration), (iii) the liquid volatility that determines the rate of capillary condensation inside the cavities, and (iv) the presence of surfactants.
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50
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Malkin AY, Patlazhan SA. Wall slip for complex liquids - Phenomenon and its causes. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 257:42-57. [PMID: 29934140 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we tried to qualify different types and mechanisms of wall slip phenomenon, paying particular attention to the most recent publications and issues. The review covers all type of fluids - homogeneous low molecular weight liquids, polymer solution, multi-component dispersed media, and polymer melts. We focused on two basic concepts - fluid-solid wall interaction and shear-induced fluid-to-solid transitions - which are the dominant mechanisms of wall slip. In the first part of the review, the theoretical and numerical studies of correlation of wetting properties and wall slip of low molecular weight liquids and polymeric fluids are reviewed along with some basic experimental results. The influence of nanobubbles and microcavities on the effectiveness of wall slip is illuminated with regard to the bubble dynamics, as well as their stability at smooth and rough interfaces, including superhydrophobic surfaces. Flow of multi-component matter (microgel pastes, concentrated suspensions of solid particles, compressed emulsions, and colloidal systems) is accompanied by wall slip in two cases. The first one is typical of viscoplastic media which can exist in two different physical states, as solid-like below the yield point and liquid-like at the applied stresses exceeding this threshold. Slip takes place at low stresses. The second case is related to the transition from fluid to solid states at high deformation rates or large deformations caused by the strain-induced glass transition of concentrated dispersions. In the latter case, the wall effects consist of apparent slip due to the formation of a low viscous thin layer of fluid at the wall. The liquid-to-solid transition is also a dominant mechanism in wall slip of polymer melts because liquid polymers are elastic fluids which can be in two relaxation states depending on the strain rate. The realization of these mechanisms is determined by polymer melt interaction with the solid wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ya Malkin
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, 29, Leninski Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - S A Patlazhan
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, 4, Kosygin Street, Moscow 119991, Russia; Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, 1, Semenov Avenue, Chernogolovka, Moscow 142432, Russia
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