|
1
|
Heppe N, Gallenkamp C, Snitkoff-Sol RZ, Paul SD, Segura-Salas N, Haak H, Moritz DC, Kaiser B, Jaegermann W, Potapkin V, Jafari A, Schünemann V, Leupold O, Elbaz L, Krewald V, Kramm UI. Applying Nuclear Forward Scattering as In Situ and Operando Tool for the Characterization of FeN 4 Moieties in the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12496-12510. [PMID: 38630640 PMCID: PMC11082898 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear forward scattering (NFS) is a synchrotron-based technique relying on the recoil-free nuclear resonance effect similar to Mössbauer spectroscopy. In this work, we introduce NFS for in situ and operando measurements during electrocatalytic reactions. The technique enables faster data acquisition and better discrimination of certain iron sites in comparison to Mössbauer spectroscopy. It is directly accessible at various synchrotrons to a broad community of researchers and is applicable to multiple metal isotopes. We demonstrate the power of this technique with the hydrogen evolution mechanism of an immobilized iron porphyrin supported on carbon. Such catalysts are often considered as model systems for iron-nitrogen-carbon (FeNC) catalysts. Using in situ and operando NFS in combination with theoretical predictions of spectroscopic data enables the identification of the intermediate that is formed prior to the rate-determining step. The conclusions on the reaction mechanism can be used for future optimization of immobilized molecular catalysts and metal-nitrogen-carbon (MNC) catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Heppe
- Catalysts
and Electrocatalysts, Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical
University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Charlotte Gallenkamp
- Catalysts
and Electrocatalysts, Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical
University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Quantum
Chemistry, Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry, Technical University
Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str.
4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Rifael Z. Snitkoff-Sol
- Bar-Ilan
Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials and the Department
of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 529002, Israel
| | - Stephen D. Paul
- Catalysts
and Electrocatalysts, Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical
University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Nicole Segura-Salas
- Catalysts
and Electrocatalysts, Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical
University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Hendrik Haak
- Catalysts
and Electrocatalysts, Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical
University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dominik C. Moritz
- Surface
Science Division, Institute of Materials Science, Department of Materials
and Earth Sciences, Technical University
Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str.
3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kaiser
- Surface
Science Division, Institute of Materials Science, Department of Materials
and Earth Sciences, Technical University
Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str.
3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Wolfram Jaegermann
- Surface
Science Division, Institute of Materials Science, Department of Materials
and Earth Sciences, Technical University
Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str.
3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Vasily Potapkin
- Catalysts
and Electrocatalysts, Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical
University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Atefeh Jafari
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volker Schünemann
- Department
of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger Straße
56, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Olaf Leupold
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lior Elbaz
- Bar-Ilan
Center for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials and the Department
of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 529002, Israel
| | - Vera Krewald
- Quantum
Chemistry, Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry,
Department of Chemistry, Technical University
Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str.
4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ulrike I. Kramm
- Catalysts
and Electrocatalysts, Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical
University Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Nuclear resonant scattering from 193Ir as a probe of the electronic and magnetic properties of iridates. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5097. [PMID: 30911115 PMCID: PMC6433947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The high brilliance of modern synchrotron radiation sources facilitates experiments with high-energy x-rays across a range of disciplines, including the study of the electronic and magnetic correlations using elastic and inelastic scattering techniques. Here we report on Nuclear Resonance Scattering at the 73 keV nuclear level in 193Ir. The transitions between the hyperfine split levels show an untypically high E2/M1 multi-polarity mixing ratio combined with an increased sensitivity to certain changes in the hyperfine field direction compared to non-mixing transitions. The method opens a new way for probing local magnetic and electronic properties of correlated materials containing iridium and provides novel insights into anisotropic magnetism in iridates. In particular, unexpected out-of-plane components of magnetic hyperfine fields and non-zero electric field gradients in Sr2IrO4 have been detected and attributed to the strong spin-orbit interaction in this iridate. Due to the high, 62% natural abundance of the 193Ir isotope, no isotopic enrichment of the samples is required, qualifying the method for a broad range of applications.
Collapse
|