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Kapitonov AA, Ryzhkov II. Modelling the Performance of Electrically Conductive Nanofiltration Membranes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:596. [PMID: 37367800 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrically conductive membranes are a class of stimuli-responsive materials, which allow the adjustment of selectivity for and the rejection of charged species by varying the surface potential. The electrical assistance provides a powerful tool for overcoming the selectivity-permeability trade-off due to its interaction with charged solutes, allowing the passage of neutral solvent molecules. In this work, a mathematical model for the nanofiltration of binary aqueous electrolytes by an electrically conductive membrane is proposed. The model takes into account the steric as well as Donnan exclusion of charged species due to the simultaneous presence of chemical and electronic surface charges. It is shown that the rejection reaches its minimum at the potential of zero charge (PZC), where the electronic and chemical charges compensate for each other. The rejection increases when the surface potential varies in positive and negative directions with respect to the PZC. The proposed model is successfully applied to a description of experimental data on the rejection of salts and anionic dyes by PANi-PSS/CNT and MXene/CNT nanofiltration membranes. The results provide new insights into the selectivity mechanisms of conductive membranes and can be employed to describe electrically enhanced nanofiltration processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Kapitonov
- Institute of Computational Modelling SB RAS, Akademgorodok 50-44, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Space and Information Technology, Siberian Federal University, Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ilya I Ryzhkov
- Institute of Computational Modelling SB RAS, Akademgorodok 50-44, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Space and Information Technology, Siberian Federal University, Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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Ion and Water Transport in Ion-Exchange Membranes for Power Generation Systems: Guidelines for Modeling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010034. [PMID: 36613476 PMCID: PMC9820504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial ion-exchange and other charged membranes, such as biomembranes, are self-organizing nanomaterials built from macromolecules. The interactions of fragments of macromolecules results in phase separation and the formation of ion-conducting channels. The properties conditioned by the structure of charged membranes determine their application in separation processes (water treatment, electrolyte concentration, food industry and others), energy (reverse electrodialysis, fuel cells and others), and chlore-alkali production and others. The purpose of this review is to provide guidelines for modeling the transport of ions and water in charged membranes, as well as to describe the latest advances in this field with a focus on power generation systems. We briefly describe the main structural elements of charged membranes which determine their ion and water transport characteristics. The main governing equations and the most commonly used theories and assumptions are presented and analyzed. The known models are classified and then described based on the information about the equations and the assumptions they are based on. Most attention is paid to the models which have the greatest impact and are most frequently used in the literature. Among them, we focus on recent models developed for proton-exchange membranes used in fuel cells and for membranes applied in reverse electrodialysis.
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Yaroshchuk A, Zholkovskiy E. Streaming Potential with Ideally Polarizable Electron-Conducting Substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:9974-9980. [PMID: 35926165 PMCID: PMC9387104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With nonconducting substrates, streaming potential in sufficiently broad (vs Debye screening length) capillaries is well known to be a linear function of applied pressure (and coordinate along the capillary). This study for the first time explores streaming potential with ideally polarizable electron-conducting substrates and shows it to be a nonlinear function of both coordinate and applied pressure. Experimental manifestations can be primarily expected for streaming potentials arising along thin porous electron-conducting films experiencing solvent evaporation from the film side surface. Model predictions are in good qualitative agreement with literature experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Yaroshchuk
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís
Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya - BarcelonaTech, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emiliy Zholkovskiy
- F.
D. Ovcharenko Institute of Bio-Colloid Chemistry, National Academy
of Sciences of Ukraine, Vernadskiy Blvd. 42, 03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
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Yang Y, Zhang X, Tian Z, Deissmann G, Bosbach D, Liang P, Wang M. Thermodiffusion of ions in nanoconfined aqueous electrolytes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 619:331-338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Krom AI, Ryzhkov II. Ionic Conductivity of Nanopores with Electrically Conductive Surface: Comparison Between 1D and 2D Models. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202100174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Artur I. Krom
- Department of Computational Physics Institute of Computational Modelling SB RAS Akademgorodok Krasnoyarsk 660036 Russia
| | - Ilya I. Ryzhkov
- Department of Computational Physics Institute of Computational Modelling SB RAS Akademgorodok Krasnoyarsk 660036 Russia
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Security Siberian Federal University Svobodny 79 Krasnoyarsk 660041 Russia
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Stanislavovas A, Kuzmin V, Safiullin K, Alakshin E, Klochkov A, Kutuzov M, Tagirov M. The 3He nuclear magnetic relaxation in nematically ordered Al 2O 3aerogels: effects of 4He and nitrogen pre-plating. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:195805. [PMID: 33561841 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abe475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The results of3He gas pulsed NMR spin-lattice relaxation study in high-porosity (84.9%-97.9%) nematically ordered Al2O3aerogels at 1.5 and 4.2 K are presented. The linear dependence ofT1on gas pressure is observed in aerogels that are pre-plated by helium-4. Nitrogen pre-plating prior to helium-4 pre-plating weakly decreases the3He gas spin-lattice relaxation rate. A few possible mechanisms plausibly involved in3He nuclear magnetic relaxation in aerogels are considered. The suggested nuclear spin-lattice relaxation model due to some magnetically 'dirty' aerogel fibers allows to estimate the effective mean free path of3He atoms in aerogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stanislavovas
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - V Kuzmin
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - K Safiullin
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - E Alakshin
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - A Klochkov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - M Kutuzov
- Metallurg Engineering Ltd., Tallinn 11415, Estonia
| | - M Tagirov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420111, Russia
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Ryzhkov II, Shchurkina MA, Mikhlina EV, Simunin MM, Nemtsev IV. Switchable ionic selectivity of membranes with electrically conductive surface: Theory and experiment. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ryzhkov II, Vyatkin AS, Mikhlina EV. Modelling of Conductive Nanoporous Membranes with Switchable Ionic Selectivity. MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s2517751620010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Modelling of Ion Transport in Electromembrane Systems: Impacts of Membrane Bulk and Surface Heterogeneity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app9010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Artificial charged membranes, similar to the biological membranes, are self-assembled nanostructured materials constructed from macromolecules. The mutual interactions of parts of macromolecules leads to phase separation and appearance of microheterogeneities within the membrane bulk. On the other hand, these interactions also cause spontaneous microheterogeneity on the membrane surface, to which macroheterogeneous structures can be added at the stage of membrane fabrication. Membrane bulk and surface heterogeneity affect essentially the properties and membrane performance in the applications in the field of separation (water desalination, salt concentration, food processing and other), energy production (fuel cells, reverse electrodialysis), chlorine-alkaline electrolysis, medicine and other. We review the models describing ion transport in ion-exchange membranes and electromembrane systems with an emphasis on the role of micro- and macroheterogeneities in and on the membranes. Irreversible thermodynamics approach, “solution-diffusion” and “pore-flow” models, the multiphase models built within the effective-medium approach are examined as the tools for describing ion transport in the membranes. 2D and 3D models involving or not convective transport in electrodialysis cells are presented and analysed. Some examples are given when specially designed surface heterogeneity on the membrane surface results in enhancement of ion transport in intensive current electrodialysis.
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Abstract
We probe the diffusioosmotic transport in a charged nanofluidic channel in the presence of an applied tangential salt concentration gradient. Ionic salt gradient driven diffusioosmosis or ionic diffusioosmosis (IDO) is characterized by the generation of an induced tangential electric field and a diffusioosmotic velocity (DOSV) that is a combination of an electroosmotic velocity (EOSV) triggered by this electric field and a chemiosmotic velocity (COSV) triggered by an induced tangential pressure gradient. We explain that unlike the existing theories on IDO, it is more appropriate to apply the zero net current conditions (formulation F2) and not more restrictive zero net local flux conditions (formulation F1) particularly for the case where one considers a nanochannel connected to two reservoirs. We pinpoint limitations in the existing literature in correctly predicting the diffusioosmotic behavior even for the case where formulation F1 is used. We address these limitations and establish that (a) the induced electric field is an interplay of the differences in ionic diffusivity, the EDL-induced imbalance in ion concentrations, and the advection effects, (b) formulation F1 may overpredict or underpredict the electric field and the EOSV leading to an overprediction/underprediction of the DOSV and (c) formulation F2 demonstrates remarkable fluid physics of localized backflows owing to a dominant local influence of the COSV, which is missed by formulation F1. We anticipate that our theory will provide the first rigorous understanding of nanofluidic IDO with applications in multiple areas of low Reynolds number transport such as biofluidics, microfluidic separation, and colloidal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Jing
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD-20742, USA.
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Maheedhara RS, Jing H, Sachar HS, Das S. Highly enhanced liquid flows via thermoosmotic effects in soft and charged nanochannels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:24300-24316. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04089c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper proposes a massively augmented thermoosmotic transport in nanochannels grafted with end-charged polyelectrolyte brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haoyuan Jing
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Maryland
- College Park
- USA
| | | | - Siddhartha Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Maryland
- College Park
- USA
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