1
|
Kardasis P, Tzourtzouklis I, Nega AD, Sakellariou G, Steinhart M, Floudas G. Topology sorting: Separating linear/star polymer blend components by imbibition in nanopores. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:044912. [PMID: 38294315 DOI: 10.1063/5.0189661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
We report the imbibition and adsorption kinetics of a series of symmetric linear/star cis-1,4-polyisoprene blends within the long channels of self-ordered nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (abbreviated: AAO). Using in situ nanodielectric spectroscopy, we followed the evolution of the longest chain modes in the blends with a judicious selection of molar masses for the constituent components. We demonstrated differences in the imbibition kinetics of linear and star components based on the relative viscosities (e.g., polymers with lower zero-shear viscosity penetrated first the nanopores). Following the complete imbibition of the pores, the adsorption time, τads, of each component was evaluated from the reduction in the dielectric strength of the respective chain modes. In the majority of blends, both components exhibited slower adsorption kinetics with respect to the homopolymers. The only exception was the case of entangled stars mixed with shorter linear chains, the latter acting as a diluent for the star component. This gives rise to what is known as topology sorting, e.g., the separation of linear/star blend components in the absence of solvent. Moreover, a simple relation (τads ∼ 10 × tpeak; tpeak is the time needed for the complete filling of pores) was found for linear polymers and stars. This suggested that the characteristic timescale of imbibition (tpeak) governs the adsorption process of polymers. It further implied the possibility of predicting the adsorption times of high molar mass polymers of various architectures by the shorter imbibition times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alkmini D Nega
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Sakellariou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Martin Steinhart
- Institut für Chemie neuer Materialien, Universität Osnabrück, D-49069 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI) - Institute of Materials Science and Computing, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Minecka A, Tarnacka M, Soszka N, Hachuła B, Kamiński K, Kamińska E. Studying the Intermolecular Interactions, Structural Dynamics, and Non-Equilibrium Kinetics of Cilnidipine Infiltrated into Alumina and Silica Pores. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:533-544. [PMID: 36575053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the behavior of the calcium channel blocker cilnidipine (CLN) infiltrated into silica (SiO2) and anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) porous membranes characterized by a similar pore size (d = 8 nm and d = 10 nm, respectively) as well as the bulk sample has been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The obtained data suggested the existence of two sets of CLN molecules in both confined systems (core and interfacial). They also revealed the lack of substantial differences in inter- and intramolecular dynamics of nanospatially restricted samples independently of the applied porous membranes. Moreover, the annealing experiments (isothermal time-dependent measurements) performed on the confined CLN clearly indicated that the whole equilibration process under confinement is governed by structural relaxation. It was also found that the βanneal parameters obtained from BDS and FTIR data upon equilibration of both confined samples are comparable (within 10%) to each other, while the equilibration constants are significantly different. This finding strongly emphasizes that there is a close connection between the inter- and intramolecular dynamics under nanospatial restriction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Minecka
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Magdalena Tarnacka
- A. Chelkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500Chorzow, Poland
| | - Natalia Soszka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 40-006Katowice, Poland
| | - Barbara Hachuła
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 40-006Katowice, Poland
| | - Kamil Kamiński
- A. Chelkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500Chorzow, Poland
| | - Ewa Kamińska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200Sosnowiec, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tarnacka M, Kamińska E, Paluch M, Kamiński K. New Insights from Nonequilibrium Kinetics Studies on Highly Polar S-Methoxy-PC Infiltrated into Pores. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10464-10470. [PMID: 36326602 PMCID: PMC9661534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the annealing of highly polar (S)-(-)-4-methoxymethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one (S-methoxy-PC) within alumina and silica porous membranes characterized by different pore diameters was studied by means of dielectric spectroscopy. We found a significant slowing down of the structural dynamics of confined S-methoxy-PC with annealing time below and, surprisingly, also above the glass transition temperatures of the interfacial layer, Tg,interfacial. Furthermore, unexpectedly, a change in the slope of temperature dependencies of the characteristic time scale of this process τanneal, at Tg,interfacial for all confined samples, was reported. By modeling τanneal(T), we noted that the observed enormous variation of τanneal results from a decrease of the pore radius due to the vitrification of the interfacial molecules. This indicates that the enhanced dynamics of confined materials upon cooling is mainly controlled by the interfacial molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Tarnacka
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500Chorzow, Poland
| | - Ewa Kamińska
- Department
of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia
in Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Marian Paluch
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500Chorzow, Poland
| | - Kamil Kamiński
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500Chorzow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kardasis P, Sakellariou G, Steinhart M, Floudas G. Non-equilibrium Effects of Polymer Dynamics under Nanometer Confinement: Effects of Architecture and Molar Mass. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:5570-5581. [PMID: 35834553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The non-equilibrium dynamics of linear and star-shaped cis-1,4 polyisoprenes confined within nanoporous alumina is explored as a function of pore size, d, molar mass, and functionality (f = 2, 6, and 64). Two thermal protocols are tested: one resembling a quasi-static process (I) and another involving fast cooling followed by annealing (II). Although both protocols give identical equilibrium times, it is through protocol I that it is easier to extract the equilibrium times, teq, by the linear relationships of the characteristic peak frequencies with time and rate, respectively, as log(fmax) = C1 - k log(t) and log(fmax) = C2 + λ log(β). Both thermal protocols establish the existence of a critical temperature (at Tc, where k → 0 and λ → 0) below which non-equilibrium effects set-in. The critical temperature depends on the degree of confinement, 2Rg/d, and on molecular architecture. Strikingly, establishing equilibrium dynamics at all temperatures above the bulk, Tg, requires 2Rg/d ∼ 0.02, i.e., pore diameters that are much larger than the chain dimensions. This reflects non-equilibrium configurations of the adsorbed layer that extent away from the pore walls. The equilibrium times depend strongly on temperature, pore size, and functionality. In general, star-shaped polymers require longer times to reach equilibrium because of the higher tendency for adsorption. Both thermal protocols produced an increasing dielectric strength for the segmental and chain modes. The increase was beyond any densification, suggesting enhanced orientation correlations of subchain dipoles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgios Sakellariou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Martin Steinhart
- Institut für Chemie neuer Materialien, Universität Osnabrück, D-49069 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.,Institute of Materials Science and Computing, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Winkler R, Chat K, Unni AB, Dulski M, Laskowska M, Laskowski L, Adrjanowicz K. Glass Transition Dynamics of Poly(phenylmethylsiloxane) Confined within Alumina Nanopores with Different Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) Coatings. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roksana Winkler
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Chat
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Aparna Beena Unni
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Dulski
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Laskowska
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Lukasz Laskowski
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Adrjanowicz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Winkler R, Tu W, Dulski M, Laskowski L, Adrjanowicz K. Effect of the Surface Polarity, Through Employing Nonpolar Spacer Groups, on the Glass-Transition Dynamics of Poly(phenyl methylsiloxane) Confined in Alumina Nanopores. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roksana Winkler
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, Chorzow 41-500, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, Chorzow 41-500, Poland
| | - Wenkang Tu
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, Chorzow 41-500, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, Chorzow 41-500, Poland
| | - Mateusz Dulski
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, Chorzow 41-500, Poland
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, Chorzow 41-500, Poland
| | - Lukasz Laskowski
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow 31-342, Poland
| | - Karolina Adrjanowicz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, Chorzow 41-500, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, Chorzow 41-500, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chat K, Tu W, Beena Unni A, Adrjanowicz K. Influence of Tacticity on the Glass-Transition Dynamics of Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) under Elevated Pressure and Geometrical Nanoconfinement. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Chat
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Wenkang Tu
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Aparna Beena Unni
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Karolina Adrjanowicz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Winkler R, Beena Unni A, Tu W, Chat K, Adrjanowicz K. On the Segmental Dynamics and the Glass Transition Behavior of Poly(2-vinylpyridine) in One- and Two-Dimensional Nanometric Confinement. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:5991-6003. [PMID: 34048244 PMCID: PMC8279553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Geometric nanoconfinement, in one and two dimensions, has a fundamental influence on the segmental dynamics of polymer glass-formers and can be markedly different from that observed in the bulk state. In this work, with the use of dielectric spectroscopy, we have investigated the glass transition behavior of poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) confined within alumina nanopores and prepared as a thin film supported on a silicon substrate. P2VP is known to exhibit strong, attractive interactions with confining surfaces due to the ability to form hydrogen bonds. Obtained results show no changes in the temperature evolution of the α-relaxation time in nanopores down to 20 nm size and 24 nm thin film. There is also no evidence of an out-of-equilibrium behavior observed for other glass-forming systems confined at the nanoscale. Nevertheless, in both cases, the confinement effect is seen as a substantial broadening of the α-relaxation time distribution. We discussed the results in terms of the importance of the interfacial energy between the polymer and various substrates, the sensitivity of the glass-transition temperature to density fluctuations, and the density scaling concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roksana Winkler
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Aparna Beena Unni
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Wenkang Tu
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Chat
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Karolina Adrjanowicz
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tarnacka M, Geppert-Rybczyńska M, Dulski M, Grelska J, Jurkiewicz K, Grzybowska K, Kamiński K, Paluch M. Local structure and molecular dynamics of highly polar propylene carbonate derivative infiltrated within alumina and silica porous templates. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:064701. [PMID: 33588559 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we examined the effect of finite size and wettability on the structural dynamics and the molecular arrangement of the propylene carbonate derivative, (S)-(-)-4-methoxymethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one (assigned as s-methoxy-PC), incorporated into alumina and silica porous templates of pore diameters d = 4 nm-10 nm using Raman and broadband dielectric spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and x-ray diffraction. It was demonstrated that only subtle changes in the molecular organization and short-range order of confined s-methoxy-PC molecules were detected. Yet, a significant deviation of the structural dynamics and depression of the glass transition temperatures, Tg, was found for all confined samples with respect to the bulk material. Interestingly, these changes correlate with neither the finite size effects nor the interfacial energy but seem to vary with wettability, generally. Nevertheless, for s-methoxy-PC infiltrated into native (more hydrophilic) and modified (more hydrophobic) silica templates of the same nanochannel size (d = 4 nm), a change in the dynamics and Tg was negligible despite a significant variation in wettability. These results indicated that although wettability might be a suitable variable to predict alteration of the structural dynamics and depression of the glass transition temperature, other factors, i.e., surface roughness and the density packing, might also have a strong contribution to the observed confinement effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Tarnacka
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | | | - Mateusz Dulski
- Silesian Center of Education and Interdisciplinary Research, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Joanna Grelska
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Karolina Jurkiewicz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grzybowska
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Kamil Kamiński
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Marian Paluch
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kinsey T, Glynn K, Cosby T, Iacob C, Sangoro J. Ion Dynamics of Monomeric Ionic Liquids Polymerized In Situ within Silica Nanopores. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:44325-44334. [PMID: 32886472 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polymerized ionic liquids are a promising class of versatile solid-state electrolytes for applications ranging from electrochemical energy storage to flexible smart materials that remain limited by their relatively low ionic conductivities compared to conventional electrolytes. Here, we show that the in situ polymerization of the vinyl cationic monomer, 1-ethyl-3-vinylimidazolium with the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide counteranion, under nanoconfinement within 7.5 ± 1.0 nm diameter nanopores results in a nearly 1000-fold enhancement in the ionic conductivity compared to the material polymerized in bulk. Using insights from broadband dielectric and Raman spectroscopic techniques, we attribute these results to the role of confinement on molecular conformations, ion coordination, and subsequently the ionic conductivity in the polymerized ionic liquid. These results contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of nanoconfined molecules and show that in situ polymerization under nanoscale geometric confinement is a promising path toward enhancing ion conductivity in polymer electrolytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kinsey
- The Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, United States
| | - Kaitlin Glynn
- The Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, United States
| | - Tyler Cosby
- Department of Chemistry, US Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, United States
| | - Ciprian Iacob
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, ICSI Rm, Valcea, Romania 240050
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe, Germany 76128
| | - Joshua Sangoro
- The Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tarnacka M, Wojtyniak M, Brzózka A, Talik A, Hachuła B, Kamińska E, Sulka GD, Kaminski K, Paluch M. Unique Behavior of Poly(propylene glycols) Confined within Alumina Templates Having a Nanostructured Interface. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5714-5719. [PMID: 32559092 PMCID: PMC7588129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein we show that the nanostructured interface obtained via modulation of the pore size has a strong impact on the segmental and chain dynamics of two poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) derivatives with various molecular weights (Mn = 4000 g/mol and Mn = 2000 g/mol). In fact, a significant acceleration of the dynamics was observed for PPG infiltrated into ordinary alumina templates (Dp = 36 nm), while bulklike behavior was found for samples incorporated into membranes of modulated diameter (19 nm < Dp < 28 nm). We demostrated that the modulation-induced roughness reduces surface interactions of polymer chains near the interface with respect to the ones adsorbed to the ordinary nanochannels. Interestingly, this effect is noted despite the enhanced wettability of PPG in the latter system. Consequently, as a result of weaker H-bonding surface interactions, the conformation of segments seems to locally mimic the bulk arrangement, leading to bulklike dynamics, highlighting the crucial impact of the interface on the overall behavior of confined materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Tarnacka
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center of Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Marcin Wojtyniak
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center of Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Brzózka
- Department
of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Talik
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center of Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Barbara Hachuła
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Kamińska
- Department
of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia
in Katowice, ul. Jagiellonska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Grzegorz D. Sulka
- Department
of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Kaminski
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center of Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Marian Paluch
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center of Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chat K, Tu W, Beena Unni A, Geppert-Rybczyńska M, Adrjanowicz K. Study on the glass transition dynamics and crystallization kinetics of molecular liquid, dimethyl phthalate, confined in Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) nanopores with Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) coatings. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
13
|
Winkler R, Tu W, Laskowski L, Adrjanowicz K. Effect of Surface Chemistry on the Glass-Transition Dynamics of Poly(phenyl methyl siloxane) Confined in Alumina Nanopores. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7553-7565. [PMID: 32515976 PMCID: PMC7588132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are combined to study the effect of changes in the surface chemistry on the segmental dynamics of glass-forming polymer, poly(methylphenylsiloxane) (PMPS), confined in anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) nanopores. Measurements were carried for native and silanized nanopores of the same pore sizes. Nanopore surfaces are modified with the use of two silanizing agents, chlorotrimethylsilane (ClTMS) and (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMOS), of much different properties. The results of the dielectric studies have demonstrated that for the studied polymer located in 55 nm pores, changes in the surface chemistry and thermal treatment allows the confinement effect seen in temperature evolution of the segmental relaxation time, τα(T) to be removed. The bulk-like evolution of the segmental relaxation time can also be restored upon long-time annealing. Interestingly, the time scale of such equilibration process was found to be independent of the surface conditions. The calorimetric measurements reveal the presence of two glass-transition events in DSC thermograms of all considered systems, implying that the changes in the interfacial interactions introduced by silanization are not strong enough to inhibit the formation of the interfacial layer. Although DSC traces confirmed the two-glass-transition scenario, there is no clear evidence that vitrification of the interfacial layer affects τα(T) for nanopore-confined polymer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roksana Winkler
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Wenkang Tu
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Lukasz Laskowski
- Institute
of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Adrjanowicz
- Institute
of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
- Silesian
Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI), 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nguyen HK, Kawaguchi D, Tanaka K. Effect of Molecular Architecture on Conformational Relaxation of Polymer Chains at Interfaces. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000096. [PMID: 32459031 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Dynamics of polymer chains near an interface with an inorganic material are believed to strongly affect the physical properties of polymers in nanocomposites and thin films. An effect of molecular architecture on the conformational relaxation behavior of polystyrene (PS) chains at the quartz interface using sum-frequency generation spectroscopy is reported here. The relaxation dynamics of chains in direct contact with the quartz interface is slower with a star-shaped architecture than that with its linear counterpart. The extent of the delay becomes more pronounced with increasing number of arms. This can be explained in terms of the superior interfacial activity to the quartz surface for the star-shaped PS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung K Nguyen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tarnacka M, Mierzwa M, Kamińska E, Kamiński K, Paluch M. High-pressure experiments as a novel perspective to study the molecular dynamics of glass-forming materials confined at the nanoscale. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:10600-10608. [PMID: 32373895 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02255a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the pioneering high-pressure dielectric studies on the dynamics of a model van der Waals glass-forming liquid bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) infiltrated into anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates of the mean pore sizes, d = 150 and d = 18 nm. It was found that although the shape of the structural relaxation process varies with the confinement, it remains constant under varying thermodynamic conditions for a given pore diameter. Consequently, the time-temperature-pressure (TTP) rule satisfied for the majority of bulk substances is also obeyed for the spatially restricted liquid. We have also shown for the first time that there is a decoupling between the core and interfacial mobility at elevated pressure. Moreover, it was noted that the structural dynamics of the former fraction of molecules becomes systematically shorter with respect to the bulk DGEBA during the compression. The enhanced structural dynamics of the core material, as well as the varying pressure coefficients of the glass transition temperature of the interfacial and core molecules, have been discussed in the context of a distinct evolution in their free volume/density packing with respect to the bulk DGEBA, and a change in the interfacial tension, which may lead to the enhanced wettability of the liquid adsorbed onto the pore walls under different thermodynamic conditions. The performed high-pressure measurements offer novel perspectives to explore the combination of two different effects, compression and confinement, which might be a breakthrough in the study of the glass transition phenomenon and the behavior of soft materials confined at the nanoscale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Tarnacka
- University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kinsey T, Mapesa E, Cosby T, He Y, Hong K, Wang Y, Iacob C, Sangoro J. Elucidating the impact of extreme nanoscale confinement on segmental and chain dynamics of unentangled poly(cis-1,4-isoprene). THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2019; 42:137. [PMID: 31650417 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2019-11907-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy is employed to probe dynamics in low molecular weight poly(cis-1,4-isoprene) (PI) confined in unidirectional silica nanopores with mean pore diameter, D, of 6.5 nm. Three molecular weights of PI (3, 7 and 10 kg/mol) were chosen such that the ratio of D to the polymer radius of gyration, Rg, is varied from 3.4, 2.3 to 1.9, respectively. It is found that the mean segmental relaxation rate remains bulk-like but an additional process arises at lower frequencies with increasing molecular weight (decreasing D/Rg. In contrast, the mean relaxation rates of the end-to-end dipole vector corresponding to chain dynamics are found to be slightly slower than that in the bulk for the systems approaching D/Rg ∼ 2, but faster than the bulk for the polymer with the largest molecular weight. The analysis of the spectral shapes of the chain relaxation suggests that the resulting dynamics of the 10kg/mol PI confined at length-scales close to that of the Rg are due to non-ideal chain conformations under confinement decreasing the chain relaxation times. The understanding of these faster chain dynamics of polymers under extreme geometrical confinement is necessary in designing nanodevices that contain polymeric materials within substrates approaching the molecular scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kinsey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Emmanuel Mapesa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Tyler Cosby
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Youjun He
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Ciprian Iacob
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, ICSI Rm. Valcea, Rm. Valcea, Romania
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Joshua Sangoro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chat K, Szklarz G, Adrjanowicz K. Testing density scaling in nanopore-confinement for hydrogen-bonded liquid dipropylene glycol. RSC Adv 2019; 9:20954-20962. [PMID: 35515549 PMCID: PMC9065994 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02289a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, it has been demonstrated that the glassy dynamics of the molecular liquids and polymers confined at the nanoscale level might satisfy the density scaling law (ρ γ /T) with the same value of the scaling exponent, γ, as that determined from the high-pressure studies of the bulk material. In this work, we have tested the validity of this interesting experimental finding for strongly hydrogen-bonded molecular liquid, dipropylene glycol (DPG), which is known to violate the ρ γ /T scaling rule in the supercooled liquid bulk state. The results of the independent dielectric relaxation studies carried out on increased pressure and in nanopores, have led to an important finding that when the density change induced by geometrical confinement is not very large, DPG can still obey the density scaling law with the same value of the scaling exponent as that found for the bulk sample. In this way, we confirm that the information obtained from the universal density scaling approach applied to nanoscale confined systems is somehow consistent with the macroscopic ones and that in both cases the same fundamental rules governs the glass-transition dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Chat
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia 75 Pulku Piechoty 1 41-500 Chorzow Poland .,Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI) 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a 41-500 Chorzow Poland
| | - Grzegorz Szklarz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia 75 Pulku Piechoty 1 41-500 Chorzow Poland .,Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI) 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a 41-500 Chorzow Poland
| | - Karolina Adrjanowicz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia 75 Pulku Piechoty 1 41-500 Chorzow Poland .,Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research (SMCEBI) 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a 41-500 Chorzow Poland
| |
Collapse
|