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Matsumoto H, Yasuda I, Asano M, Todaka Y, Kawada T, Kawaguchi M, Hatanaka D, Hayashi M. Magnon-Phonon Coupling of Synthetic Antiferromagnets in a Surface Acoustic Wave Cavity Resonator. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:5683-5689. [PMID: 38661679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
We used a surface acoustic wave (SAW) cavity resonator to study the coupling of acoustic magnons in a synthetic antiferromagnet (SAF) and phonons carried by SAWs. The SAF is composed of a CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB trilayer, and the scattering matrix of the SAW resonator is studied to assess the coupling. We find that the spectral line width of the SAW resonator is modulated when the frequency of the excited magnons approaches the SAW resonance frequency. Such a change in the spectral linewidth can be well reproduced using macrospin-like model calculations. From the model analyses, we estimate the magnon-phonon coupling strength to be ∼9.9 MHz at a SAW resonance frequency of 1.8 GHz: the corresponding magnomechanical cooperativity is ∼0.66. As the spectral shape hardly changes in a CoFeB single-layer reference sample, these results show that SAF provides an ideal platform to study magnon-phonon coupling in an SAW cavity resonator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Matsumoto
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Isamu Yasuda
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Motoki Asano
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Todaka
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takuya Kawada
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masashi Kawaguchi
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daiki Hatanaka
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Hayashi
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Trans-Scale Quantum Science Institute (TSQS), The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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2
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Yaremkevich DD, Scherbakov AV, De Clerk L, Kukhtaruk SM, Nadzeyka A, Campion R, Rushforth AW, Savel'ev S, Balanov AG, Bayer M. On-chip phonon-magnon reservoir for neuromorphic computing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8296. [PMID: 38097654 PMCID: PMC10721880 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43891-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Reservoir computing is a concept involving mapping signals onto a high-dimensional phase space of a dynamical system called "reservoir" for subsequent recognition by an artificial neural network. We implement this concept in a nanodevice consisting of a sandwich of a semiconductor phonon waveguide and a patterned ferromagnetic layer. A pulsed write-laser encodes input signals into propagating phonon wavepackets, interacting with ferromagnetic magnons. The second laser reads the output signal reflecting a phase-sensitive mix of phonon and magnon modes, whose content is highly sensitive to the write- and read-laser positions. The reservoir efficiently separates the visual shapes drawn by the write-laser beam on the nanodevice surface in an area with a size comparable to a single pixel of a modern digital camera. Our finding suggests the phonon-magnon interaction as a promising hardware basis for realizing on-chip reservoir computing in future neuromorphic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro D Yaremkevich
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Alexey V Scherbakov
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Luke De Clerk
- Department of Physics, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
- Machine Learning Development, SS&C Technologies, 128 Queen Victoria Street, London, EC4V 4BJ, UK
| | - Serhii M Kukhtaruk
- Department of Theoretical Physics, V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, 03028, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Richard Campion
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Andrew W Rushforth
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Sergey Savel'ev
- Department of Physics, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | | | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
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3
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Scherbakov A, Linnik T, Kukhtaruk S, Yakovlev D, Nadzeyka A, Rushforth A, Akimov A, Bayer M. Ultrafast magnetoacoustics in Galfenol nanostructures. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 34:100565. [PMID: 38058748 PMCID: PMC10696383 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Phonons and magnons are prospective information carriers to substitute the transfer of charge in nanoscale communication devices. Our ability to manipulate them at the nanoscale and with ultimate speed is examined by ultrafast acoustics and femtosecond optomagnetism, which use ultrashort laser pulses for generation and detection of the corresponding coherent excitations. Ultrafast magnetoacoustics merges these research directions and focuses on the interaction of optically generated coherent phonons and magnons. In this review, we present ultrafast magnetoacoustic experiments with nanostructures based on the alloy (Fe,Ga) known as Galfenol. We demonstrate how broad we can manipulate the magnetic response on an optical excitation by controlling the spectrum of generated coherent phonons and their interaction with magnons. Resonant phonon pumping of magnons, formation of magnon polarons, driving of a magnetization wave by a guided phonon wavepacket are demonstrated. The presented experimental results have great application potential in emerging areas of modern nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.V. Scherbakov
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T.L. Linnik
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Theoretical Physics, V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - S.M. Kukhtaruk
- Department of Theoretical Physics, V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - D.R. Yakovlev
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - A.W. Rushforth
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - A.V. Akimov
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - M. Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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4
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Chen C, Han L, Liu P, Zhang Y, Liang S, Zhou Y, Zhu W, Fu S, Pan F, Song C. Direct-Current Electrical Detection of Surface-Acoustic-Wave-Driven Ferromagnetic Resonance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302454. [PMID: 37306652 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surface acoustic waves (SAW) provide a promising platform to study spin-phonon coupling, which can be achieved by SAW-driven ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) for efficient acoustic manipulation of spin. Although the magneto-elastic effective field model has achieved great success in describing SAW-driven FMR, the magnitude of the effective field acting on the magnetization induced by SAW still remains hard to access. Here, by integrating ferromagnetic stripes with SAW devices, direct-current detection for SAW-driven FMR based on electrical rectification is reported. By analyzing FMR rectified voltage, the effective fields are straightforwardly characterized and extracted, which exhibits the advantages of better integration compatibility and lower cost than traditional methods such as vector-network analyzer-based techniques. A large nonreciprocal rectified voltage is obtained, which is attributed to the coexistence of in-plane and out-of-plane effective fields. The effective fields can be modulated by controlling the longitudinal and shear strains within the films to achieve almost 100% nonreciprocity ratio, demonstrating the potential for electrical switches. Besides its fundamental significance, this finding provides a unique opportunity for a designable spin acousto-electronic device and its convenient signal readout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lei Han
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Peisen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shixuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yongjian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wenxuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Sulei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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Khaliq MW, Álvarez JM, Camps A, González N, Ferrer J, Martinez-Carboneres A, Prat J, Ruiz-Gómez S, Niño MA, Macià F, Aballe L, Foerster M. GHz sample excitation at the ALBA-PEEM. Ultramicroscopy 2023; 250:113757. [PMID: 37207610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2023.113757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We describe a setup that is used for high-frequency electrical sample excitation in a cathode lens electron microscope with the sample stage at high voltage as used in many synchrotron light sources. Electrical signals are transmitted by dedicated high-frequency components to the printed circuit board supporting the sample. Sub-miniature push-on connectors (SMP) are used to realize the connection in the ultra-high vacuum chamber, bypassing the standard feedthrough. A bandwidth up to 4 GHz with -6 dB attenuation was measured at the sample position, which allows to apply sub-nanosecond pulses. We describe different electronic sample excitation schemes and demonstrate a spatial resolution of 56 nm employing the new setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waqas Khaliq
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum, 2 - 26, Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08290 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028 Spain.
| | - José M Álvarez
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum, 2 - 26, Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08290 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Camps
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum, 2 - 26, Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08290 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nahikari González
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum, 2 - 26, Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08290 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Ferrer
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum, 2 - 26, Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08290 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jordi Prat
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum, 2 - 26, Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08290 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Ruiz-Gómez
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Noethnitzer Str. 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Miguel Angel Niño
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum, 2 - 26, Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08290 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Macià
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028 Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucia Aballe
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum, 2 - 26, Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08290 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Foerster
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum, 2 - 26, Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08290 Barcelona, Spain.
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6
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Nie X, Wu X, Wang Y, Ban S, Lei Z, Yi J, Liu Y, Liu Y. Surface acoustic wave induced phenomena in two-dimensional materials. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:158-175. [PMID: 36448884 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00458e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Surface acoustic wave (SAW)-matter interaction provides a fascinating key for inducing and manipulating novel phenomena and functionalities in two-dimensional (2D) materials. The dynamic strain field and piezo-electric field associated with propagating SAWs determine the coherent manipulation and transduction between 2D excitons and phonons. Over the past decade, many intriguing acoustic-induced effects, including the acousto-electric effect, acousto-galvanic effect, acoustic Stark effect, acoustic Hall effect and acoustic exciton transport, have been reported experimentally. However, many more phenomena, such as the valley acousto-electric effect, valley acousto-electric Hall effect and acoustic spin Hall effect, were only theoretically proposed, the experimental verification of which are yet to be achieved. In this minireview, we attempt to overview the recent breakthrough of SAW-induced phenomena covering acoustic charge transport, acoustic exciton transport and modulation, and coherent acoustic phonons. Perspectives on the opportunities of the proposed SAW-induced phenomena, as well as open experimental challenges, are also discussed, attempting to offer some guidelines for experimentalists and theorists to explore the desired exotic properties and boost practical applications of 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchen Nie
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Xiaoyue Wu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Siyuan Ban
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Zhihao Lei
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Jincheng, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211156, China.
| | - Yanpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
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7
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Yang Y, Dejous C, Hallil H. Trends and Applications of Surface and Bulk Acoustic Wave Devices: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2022; 14:mi14010043. [PMID: 36677104 PMCID: PMC9864654 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed the ultra-fast development of wireless telecommunication systems, such as mobile communication, global positioning, and data transmission systems. In these applications, radio frequency (RF) acoustic devices, such as bulk acoustic waves (BAW) and surface acoustic waves (SAW) devices, play an important role. As the integration technology of BAW and SAW devices is becoming more mature day by day, their application in the physical and biochemical sensing and actuating fields has also gradually expanded. This has led to a profusion of associated literature, and this article particularly aims to help young professionals and students obtain a comprehensive overview of such acoustic technologies. In this perspective, we report and discuss the key basic principles of SAW and BAW devices and their typical geometries and electrical characterization methodology. Regarding BAW devices, we give particular attention to film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs), due to their advantages in terms of high frequency operation and integrability. Examples illustrating their application as RF filters, physical sensors and actuators, and biochemical sensors are presented. We then discuss recent promising studies that pave the way for the exploitation of these elastic wave devices for new applications that fit into current challenges, especially in quantum acoustics (single-electron probe/control and coherent coupling between magnons and phonons) or in other fields.
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8
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Paldi RL, Kalaswad M, Lu J, Barnard JP, Richter NA, Si M, Bhatt NA, Ye PD, Sarma R, Siddiqui A, Huang J, Zhang X, Wang H. ZnO-ferromagnetic metal vertically aligned nanocomposite thin films for magnetic, optical and acoustic metamaterials. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 5:247-254. [PMID: 36605792 PMCID: PMC9765661 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00444e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Magnetoacoustic waves generated in piezoelectric and ferromagnetic coupled nanocomposite films through magnetically driven surface acoustic waves present great promise of loss-less data transmission. In this work, ferromagnetic metals of Ni, Co and Co x Ni1-x are coupled with a piezoelectric ZnO matrix in a vertically-aligned nanocomposite (VAN) thin film platform. Oxidation was found to occur in the cases of ZnO-Co, forming a ZnO-CoO VAN, while only very minor oxidation was found in the case of ZnO-Ni VAN. An alloy approach of Co x Ni1-x has been explored to overcome the oxidation during growth. Detailed microstructural analysis reveals limited oxidation of both metals and distinct phase separation between the ZnO and the metallic phases. Highly anisotropic properties including anisotropic ferromagnetic properties and hyperbolic dielectric functions are found in the ZnO-Ni and ZnO-Co x Ni1-x systems. The magnetic metal-ZnO-based hybrid metamaterials in this report present great potential in coupling of optical, magnetic, and piezoelectric properties towards future magnetoacoustic wave devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robynne L Paldi
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Matias Kalaswad
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Juanjuan Lu
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - James P Barnard
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Nicholas A Richter
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Mengwei Si
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University West Lafayette 47907 USA
| | - Nirali A Bhatt
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Peide D Ye
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University West Lafayette 47907 USA
| | | | | | - Jijie Huang
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou Guangdong 510275 China
| | - Xinghang Zhang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
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9
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Long decay length of magnon-polarons in BiFeO 3/La 0.67Sr 0.33MnO 3 heterostructures. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7258. [PMID: 34907202 PMCID: PMC8671416 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnons can transfer information in metals and insulators without Joule heating, and therefore are promising for low-power computation. The on-chip magnonics however suffers from high losses due to limited magnon decay length. In metallic thin films, it is typically on the tens of micrometre length scale. Here, we demonstrate an ultra-long magnon decay length of up to one millimetre in multiferroic/ferromagnetic BiFeO3(BFO)/La0.67Sr0.33MnO3(LSMO) heterostructures at room temperature. This decay length is attributed to a magnon-phonon hybridization and is more than two orders of magnitude longer than that of bare metallic LSMO. The long-distance modes have high group velocities of 2.5 km s-1 as detected by time-resolved Brillouin light scattering. Numerical simulations suggest that magnetoelastic coupling via the BFO/LSMO interface hybridizes phonons in BFO with magnons in LSMO to form magnon-polarons. Our results provide a solution to the long-standing issue on magnon decay lengths in metallic magnets and advance the bourgeoning field of hybrid magnonics.
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10
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Castilla D, Muñoz M, Sinusía M, Yanes R, Prieto JL. Large asymmetry in the magnetoresistance loops of ferromagnetic nanostrips induced by Surface Acoustic Waves. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8586. [PMID: 33883655 PMCID: PMC8060385 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we show that Surface Acoustic Waves (SAW) can induce a very large asymmetry in the magnetoresistance loop of an adjacent ferromagnetic nanostrip, making it look as if it had exchange bias. The Surface Acoustic Wave induces a DC voltage in the ferromagnetic nanostrip. For measurements at constant current, this DC voltage makes the AMR loop asymmetric. In a series of different electrical experiments, we disentangle two different contributions to the induced DC voltage. One of them is independent on the external magnetic field and it is likely due to the acoustoelectric effect. A second contribution depends on the external magnetic field and it is a rectified voltage induced in the piezoelectric substrate as a response to the magnetization dynamics in the magnetostrictive nanostrip. The large asymmetry in the magnetoresistance loop reported in this work is a manifestation of an effective transfer of energy from the SAW to the magnetization dynamics, a mechanism that has been very recently appointed as a possible mean to harvest energy from a heat source.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Castilla
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología (ISOM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avda. Complutense 30, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Muñoz
- Instituto de Tecnologías Físicas y de la Información (CSIC), Serrano 144, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Sinusía
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología (ISOM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avda. Complutense 30, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Yanes
- Dpto. Física Aplicada, University of Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos S/N, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José L Prieto
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología (ISOM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avda. Complutense 30, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Yaremkevich DD, Scherbakov AV, Kukhtaruk SM, Linnik TL, Khokhlov NE, Godejohann F, Dyatlova OA, Nadzeyka A, Pattnaik DP, Wang M, Roy S, Campion RP, Rushforth AW, Gusev VE, Akimov AV, Bayer M. Protected Long-Distance Guiding of Hypersound Underneath a Nanocorrugated Surface. ACS NANO 2021; 15:4802-4810. [PMID: 33593052 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In nanoscale communications, high-frequency surface acoustic waves are becoming effective data carriers and encoders. On-chip communications require acoustic wave propagation along nanocorrugated surfaces which strongly scatter traditional Rayleigh waves. Here, we propose the delivery of information using subsurface acoustic waves with hypersound frequencies of ∼20 GHz, which is a nanoscale analogue of subsurface sound waves in the ocean. A bunch of subsurface hypersound modes are generated by pulsed optical excitation in a multilayer semiconductor structure with a metallic nanograting on top. The guided hypersound modes propagate coherently beneath the nanograting, retaining the surface imprinted information, at a distance of more than 50 μm which essentially exceeds the propagation length of Rayleigh waves. The concept is suitable for interfacing single photon emitters, such as buried quantum dots, carrying coherent spin excitations in magnonic devices and encoding the signals for optical communications at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro D Yaremkevich
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Alexey V Scherbakov
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnycheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Serhii M Kukhtaruk
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Theoretical Physics, V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Pr. Nauky 41, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana L Linnik
- Department of Theoretical Physics, V. E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Pr. Nauky 41, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Felix Godejohann
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Olga A Dyatlova
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Achim Nadzeyka
- Raith GmbH, Konrad-Adenauer-Allee 8, 44263 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Debi P Pattnaik
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Mu Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Syamashree Roy
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Richard P Campion
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew W Rushforth
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Vitalyi E Gusev
- LAUM, CNRS UMR 6613, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Andrey V Akimov
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Manfred Bayer
- Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnycheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
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García-Valenzuela A, Fakhfouri A, Oliva-Ramírez M, Rico-Gavira V, Rojas TC, Alvarez R, Menzel SB, Palmero A, Winkler A, González-Elipe AR. Patterning and control of the nanostructure in plasma thin films with acoustic waves: mechanical vs. electrical polarization effects. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:515-524. [PMID: 34821267 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01540g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructuration and 2D patterning of thin films are common strategies to fabricate biomimetic surfaces and components for microfluidic, microelectronic or photonic applications. This work presents the fundamentals of a surface nanotechnology procedure for laterally tailoring the nanostructure and crystalline structure of thin films that are plasma deposited onto acoustically excited piezoelectric substrates. Using magnetron sputtering as plasma technique and TiO2 as case example, it is demonstrated that the deposited films depict a sub-millimetre 2D pattern that, characterized by large lateral differences in nanostructure, density (up to 50%), thickness, and physical properties between porous and dense zones, reproduces the wave features distribution of the generated acoustic waves (AW). Simulation modelling of the AW propagation and deposition experiments carried out without plasma and under alternative experimental conditions reveal that patterning is not driven by the collision of ad-species with mechanically excited lattice atoms of the substrate, but emerges from their interaction with plasma sheath ions locally accelerated by the AW-induced electrical polarization field developed at the substrate surface and growing film. The possibilities of the AW activation as a general approach for the tailored control of nanostructure, pattern size, and properties of thin films are demonstrated through the systematic variation of deposition conditions and the adjustment of AW operating parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio García-Valenzuela
- Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-Univ. Sevilla), Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
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Kawada T, Kawaguchi M, Funato T, Kohno H, Hayashi M. Acoustic spin Hall effect in strong spin-orbit metals. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/2/eabd9697. [PMID: 33523974 PMCID: PMC7787480 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd9697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on the observation of the acoustic spin Hall effect that facilitates lattice motion-induced spin current via spin-orbit interaction (SOI). Under excitation of surface acoustic wave (SAW), we find that a spin current flows orthogonal to the SAW propagation in nonmagnetic metals (NMs). The acoustic spin Hall effect manifests itself in a field-dependent acoustic voltage in NM/ferromagnetic metal bilayers. The acoustic voltage takes a maximum when the NM layer thickness is close to its spin diffusion length, vanishes for NM layers with weak SOI, and increases linearly with the SAW frequency. To account for these results, we find that the spin current must scale with the SOI and the time derivative of the lattice displacement. These results, which imply the strong coupling of electron spins with rotating lattices via the SOI, show the potential of lattice dynamics to supply spin current in strong spin-orbit metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kawada
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masashi Kawaguchi
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Takumi Funato
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kohno
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Hayashi
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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